Talk:Tale about Podolia

Prologue

It seems that I have mistaken an earlier passage about Podolia as the beginning of the whole Tale about Podolia. In fact, the incipit of the Tale in several textual witnesses is clearly marked as О Подольскои земли. About the Podolian land, e.g. in the Krasiński Manuscript. The next section is then titled О ВитовътЂ з митрополитом киевским, About Vytautas and the Metropolitan of Kyiv. Therefore, I'll try to isolate the relevant text further. I'll save the earlier passages as a "prologue" here, to be potentially recycled later if helpful. Note: I'll translate велики княз as Grand Duke when it concerns Vytautas and just княз as Prince when it concerns anyone else, even though in Ruthenian княз is all the same word. Those are the conventions in English-language literature.

Edit: Turns out several manuscripts, even from the first redaction, have titled this prologue section How Duke Vytautas conquered Podolia (as coloured red in the Rumyantsev Manuscript). Even so, the oldest manuscript do not title it; and apart from these about 6 sentences, the rest of the section is not about Podolia, but about the death and burial of Skirgaila in Kyiv, and events in Smolensk, Ryazan and Moscow. At any rate, Vytautas did not conquer Podolia from the Tatars (as the sons of Karijotas did), but from other Ruthenian princes nominally subjected to either Lithuania or Poland. Nevertheless, all texts make this connection between Vytautas and the Koriatovychi, seemingly in order to provide more legitimacy to Vytautas and the Lithuanian claims to Podolia vis-à-vis Poland.

Manuscript	Prologue	Translation
Supraśl Manuscript Fol. 102r–108r (л.102.–л.108.).	На весну князь великыи Витовът иде и възя землю Подолскую. A князю Володимеру Олгирдовичю, тогда бивши в Киеве, и не всхоте покоры учинити и челомь ударити вели \л.102об.\ кому князю . Витовту. Тои же весны князь велики Витовт поиде взя град Житомир и Вручии, и приЂха к нему князь ВолидемЂр. Того жь лЂта на осен князь виликии Витовт выведе его ис Киева и дасть ему Копыл, a на Киеве посади князя Скиригаила. Самь же князь великыи Витовт поиде на Подольскую землю, a князю Скиригаилу повели ити ис Киева ко Черъкасомь и ко Зенигороду. Князь же Сккиригаило божиею помощию, великого князя Витовта повелениемь взя Черкасы и Звинигород и возовратися пакы ко Киеву.	In the spring, Grand Duke Vytautas set out and captured the Podolian land. As for Prince Volodymyr Olgirdovych, who was in Kyiv at the time, he was unwilling to submit or bow down to Grand \л.102об.\ Duke Vytautas. That same spring, Grand Duke Vytautas went to capture the towns of Zhytomyr and Ovruch, and Prince Volodymyr came to him. That same year, in the autumn, Grand Duke Vytautas led him out of Kyiv and gave him Kopyl, whilst he installed Prince Skirgaila in Kyiv. Grand Duke Vytautas himself went to the Podolian land, whilst Prince Skirgaila was ordered to march from Kyiv towards Cherkasy and Zvenyhorod[ka]. Prince Skirgaila, with God's help and by the command of Grand Duke Vytautas, captured Cherkasy and Zvenyhorod[ka] and returned once more to Kyiv.
Vilnius Manuscript Fol. 450r–450v (л.450.–л.450об.).	Тое же зимы велик[ыи к]нязь Витовт поиде взмя [земл]ю Подольскую. A князю Владимиру Ол[гирдович]ю, тогда бывшу в КиевЂ, и [не всхотЂ] покоры сътворити вели[кому \л.450об.\ князю Витовту, и п]риде великы князь Витовт [и взя]. . . место Вручии и приеха [к нему] князь Владимир. Того же лЂта на осень князь в[елик]ыи Витовт сведе его c Киева и дасть ему Копыль, a на Киеве посадить князя Скиргаила. Сам великыи князь Витовт поиде на Подрль[ск]ую землю, a князю Скиргаилу повелЂ ити c Киева к Черкасом и к Звинигороду. Князь же великыи Скиргаило божею помочю и великого князя Витовта повелЂнием възял Черкасы и Звинигород и възвратися пакы к Кыеву.	That same winter, Grand Duke Vytautas set out to conquer the Podolian lands. But Prince Vladimir Ol[girdovy]ch, who was then in Kyiv, [did not wish] to submit to Gra[nd \л.450об.\ Duke Vytautas, and] Grand Duke Vytautas came [and took]... the town of Vruchi, and Prince Vladimir came [to him]. That same year, in the autumn, G[ran]d Duke Vytautas brought him from Kyiv and gave him Kopyl, whilst installing Prince Skirgaila in Kyiv. Grand Duke Vytautas himself went to the Podol[i]an land, whilst he ordered Prince Skirgaila to march from Kyiv to Cherkasy and Zvenyhorod[ka]. And Prince Skirgaila the great, with God's help and by the command of Grand Duke Vytautas, took Cherkasy and Zvenyhorod[ka] and returned once more to Kyiv.
Slutsk Manuscript Fol. 28v–49r (л.28об.–л.49.).	Тое ж зимы на весну князь великии Витовт идЂ в землю Подольскую. A князю Володимиру Олгирдовичу тогда сущу в Кие†и не восхотЂ покоры учинити и чоломь ударити великому князю Витовту. \л.29.\ Тое же весны князь великии Витовт поидЂ и взя град Житомирь, Оуручи, и приехал к нему князь Володимир. Того же лета на осень князь великии Витовть выведЂ его c Киева и дал ему Копыль, a на Кие†посадиль Скиргаила. Самь же князь великии Витовт поидЂ на Подольскую землю, a князю Скиргаилу повеле c Киева к Черкасом и ко Звинигороду. Князь же \л.29об.\ Скиргаило божею помочью и великаго князя Витовта повелениемь взя Черкасы и Звинигород и возвратися опят ко Киеву.	That same winter, as spring approached, Grand Duke Vytautas set out for the Podolian land. But Prince Volodymyr Olgirdovych, who was then in Kyiv, did not wish to submit or bow down to Grand Duke Vytautas. \л.29.\ That same spring, Grand Duke Vytautas went forth and took the towns of Zhytomyr and Ovruchi, and Prince Volodymyr came to him. That same year, in the autumn, Grand Duke Vytautas led him out of Kyiv and gave him Kopyl, whilst he installed Skirgaila in Kyiv. Grand Duke Vytautas himself went to the Podolian land, and ordered Prince Skirgaila to march from Kyiv to Cherkasy and Zvenyhorod[ka]. And Prince \л.29об.\ Skirgaila, by God's help and by the command of Grand Duke Vytautas, took Cherkasy and Zvenyhorod[ka] and returned once more to Kyiv.
Archaeological Society л.72.–л.73.	Как князь Витовт Подоле извоевал Тое же опят весны поидет князь Витовт к Подолю, a князь Володимер Олкгирдович тогды был y Киеве и держал, и не хотЂл покоритися князю Витовту. И князь великии Витовт, шодши, взял город Житомир. И приидет к нему князь Володимир. И князь Витовт Киев от него отнял и ему дал Копыл, a на Киеве оставит Скиргаила. И сам Витовт поидет на Подолскую землю, a Скиргаилу велел князь великии Витовт поити к Черкасом c Киева и к Звинигороду. И князь Скиргаило божиею помощию и князя Витовтовым приказанем узял Черкасы и Звинигород и вер\л.72об.\нулся до Киева.	How Duke Vytautas conquered Podolia That same spring, Duke Vytautas marched on Podolia, whilst Prince Volodymyr Olkhyrdovych was then in Kyiv, holding the city, and refused to submit to Duke Vytautas. And Grand Duke Vytautas, having marched, took the city of Zhytomyr. And Prince Volodymyr came to him. And Duke Vytautas took Kyiv from him and gave him Kopyl, whilst leaving Skirgaila in Kyiv. And Vytautas himself went to the Podolian land, whilst Grand Duke Vytautas ordered Prince Skirgaila to march from Kyiv to Cherkasy and Zvenyhorod[ka]. And Prince Skirgaila, with God's help and by Grand Duke Vytautas's command, captured Cherkasy and Zvenyhorod[ka] and returned to Kyiv.
Krasiński Manuscript л.81.–л.84.	Тое жь опят весны на лЂто идеть князь великыи Витовт к Подолю, a князю Володимерю Олкгирдовичу тогды будучи в КиевЂ, и не хотел ся \л.81об.\ покорити князю вЂликому Витовту. И князь вЂликии Витовт, пошодши, и взял город Житомир и Вручии. Также приеде к нему князь Володимер. И князь великыи Витовт Киев опять все его и дасть ему Копыль, a на Киеве осадить Скиргаила. A сам князь великыи Витовт поидеть на Подолскую землю, a князю Скиргаилу велел князь великый c Киева к Черкасом ехати и к Звинигороду. И князь Скиргаило божею помочю и великого князя Витовтавым приказанем взял Черкасы и Звинигород и вЂрнулся опят до Киева.	In the spring of that year, Grand Duke Vytautas marched towards Podolia, whilst Prince Volodymyr Olkhyrdovych was then in Kyiv and refused to \л.81об.\ submit to Grand Duke Vytautas. And Grand Duke Vytautas, having set out, took the towns of Zhytomyr and Ovruch. Prince Volodymyr also came to him. And Grand Duke Vytautas returned all of Kyiv to him and granted him Kopyl, whilst ordering Skirgaila to lay siege to Kyiv. And Grand Duke Vytautas himself set out for the Podolian land, whilst the Grand Duke ordered Prince Skirgaila to ride from Kyiv to Cherkasy and Zvenyhorod[ka]. And Prince Skirgaila, with God's help and by the command of Grand Duke Vytautas, took Cherkasy and Zvenyhorod[ka] and returned once more to Kyiv.
Raczyński Manuscript л.258.–л.260.	Як князь Витовт пошол к Подолю и Подолье взял \л.259.\ Тое ж опят весны поидеть князь Витовт к Подолю, a князь Володимер Олькгирдович тогды был y Киеве и деръжал Киев и не хотЂл покорытися князю великому Витовту. И князь великии Витовт, пошодшы, и взял город Жытомир. И прыидеть к нему князь Володимер, и князь Витовт Киев от него отнял и дал ему Копыль держати, и на Киеве посадил Скиргаила. И сам Витовт поидеть на Подолскую землю, a Скиргаилу велел князь Витовт к Черкасом поити и к Звинегороду. И князь Скиргаило c помочю божю и князя Витовътовым прыказаньем взял Черкасы и Звинигород и вернулъся до Киева.	How Duke Vytautas marched on Podolia and conquered Podolia \л.259.\ That same spring, Duke Vytautas set out for Podolia, whilst Prince Volodymyr Olkhyrdovych was then in Kyiv, holding the city and refusing to submit to Grand Duke Vytautas. And Grand Duke Vytautas, having set out, captured the city of Zhytomyr. And when Prince Volodymyr came to him, Duke Vytautas took Kyiv from him and gave him Kopyl to rule, and installed Skirgaila in Kyiv. And Vytautas himself went to the Podolian land, whilst Duke Vytautas ordered Skirgaila to march on Cherkasy and Zvenyhorod[ka]. And Prince Skirgaila, with God's help and by the command of Duke Vytautas, captured Cherkasy and Zvenyhorod[ka] and returned to Kyiv.
Olszew/Alševa Manuscript с.309.–с.311.	Iako xiądz Vitolt szedł kv Podolv y zvoieval ye Teyze za się viosni szedł xiądz Vitolt ku Podolv, i xiądz Volodimir Olgirdović tedi bil w Kyevie i dzierzal y i nie chciał się vpoko\с.310.\rzicz xiędzv Vitoltu. I xiądz Vitolt wziąl zamek Żitomirz, i przydzie do niego xiądz Wlodimir, i xiądz Vitolt Kyew od niego odiąi, a na Kyevie osadzi Skirgaila. I sąm Vitolt poiedzie na Podolską ziemią, a Skirgailv kazał xiądz vielki Vitolt: «Podz ku Czerkasom s Kyeva ku Swinohrody». I xiądz Skirgailo bożą począ a kniazia Vitolta przikazanim wziąl Czerkassi i Swinohrod i wrocil się do Kyeva.	How Duke Vytautas went to Podolia and conquered it That spring, Duke Vytautas set out for Podolia, whilst Prince Volodymyr Olgirdovych was in Kyiv at the time and refused to sub\с.310.\mit to Duke Vytautas. And Duke Vytautas captured the castle of Zhytomyr, and Prince Volodymyr came to him, and Duke Vytautas drove him away from Kyiv, and installed Skirgaila in Kyiv. And Vytautas himself set off for the Podolian lands, whilst Grand Duke Vytautas ordered Skirgaila: "Go from Kyiv to Cherkasy [and] to Zvenyhorod[ka]." And Prince Skirgaila, acting on God’s command and Duke Vytautas' orders, captured Cherkasy and Zvenyhorod[ka], and returned to Kyiv.
Rumyantsev Manuscript л.69об.–л.71.	Как князь Витовт Подолю звоевал Тое ж опять весны поидет князь Витовт к Подолю, a князь Володимер Олкгирдович тогды был в Кие†и держал, \л.70об.\ и не хотЂл покоритися князю Витовту. И князь великий Витовт, шодши, взем город Житомир. И приидет к нему князь Володимер. И князь Витовт Киев от него отнял и ему дал Копыль, и на Кие†осадит Скиргаила. И сам Витовт поидет на Подолскую землю, a Скиргаилу велЂл князь великии Витовт поити к Черкасом c Киева и к Звенигороду. И князь Скиргаило божиею помощию и князя Витовтовым приказанием взял Черкасы и Звинигород и вернулся до Киева.	How Duke Vytautas conquered Podolia That same spring, Duke Vytautas set out for Podolia, whilst Prince Volodymyr Olkhyrdovych was in Kyiv at the time and held it, \л.70об.\ and did not wish to submit to Duke Vytautas. And Grand Duke Vytautas, having marched, took the town of Zhytomyr. And Prince Volodymyr came to him. And Duke Vytautas took Kyiv from him and gave him Kopyl, and Skirgaila laid siege to Kyiv. And Vytautas himself marched into the Podolian land, whilst Grand Duke Vytautas ordered Skirgaila to march from Kyiv towards Cherkasy and Zvenyhorod[ka]. And Prince Skirgaila, with God's help and on the orders of Duke Vytautas, captured Cherkasy and Zvenyhorod[ka] and returned to Kyiv.
Yevreïnovsky Manuscript л.493.–л.493об.	Тое ж вЂсны пошел князь Витовт к Подолю, a князь Володимер Олгирдовичь тогда был в Киеве и не хотел покоритися князю Витовту. И князь великии Витовт, шедши, взял Житомир. И пришол \л.493об.\ к нему князь Володимер, и князь Витовт отнял y него Киев и дал ему Копыль, a на Киеве посадил Скригаила. A сам Витовт пошол на Подолскую землю, a Скригаилу велЂл поити к Черкасом ис Киева и к Звенигороду. A князь Скригаило з божиею помощию и князя Витофтовым повелЂнием Черкасы взял и Звенигородь и возвратился в Киев.	That spring, Duke Vytautas marched on Podolia, whilst Prince Volodymyr Olgirdovych was in Kyiv at the time and refused to submit to Duke Vytautas. And Grand Duke Vytautas, having marched, captured Zhytomyr. And \л.493об.\ Prince Volodymyr came to him, and Duke Vytautas took Kyiv from him and gave him Kopyl, whilst he installed Skirgaila in Kyiv. Vytautas himself set out for the Podolian land, whilst he ordered Skirgaila to march from Kyiv to Cherkasy and on to Zvenyhorod[ka]. And Prince Skirgaila, with God’s help and by Duke Vytautas's command, captured Cherkasy and Zvenyhorod[ka], and returned to Kyiv.
Bychowiec Chronicle стр.64.–стр.65.	Toie że zimy na wesnu kniaź weliki Witolt poyde w zemlu Podolsku, a kniaziu Wołodymiru Olgirdowiczu, buduczy w Kijewi, y ne woschotewszy pokory wczynity, czołom wdaryty welikomu kniaziu Witoltu. Kniaź że weliki Witolt toie ż wesny szodszy wozmet horod Żytomir y horod Owrucz; y pryiechał k nemu kniaź Wołodymer z Kijewa; toho ż leta na oseń kniaź weliki Witolt wyweł jeho z Kijewa y dał jemu Kopyl, a na Kijewe posadył Skirgayła Olgirdowicza. Sam że kniaź weliki Witolt poszoł na Podolskuiu zemlu, a kniaziu Skirgayłu weleł z Kijewa ko Gzerkasom i ko Zwinihorodu poyty. Kniaź że weliki Skirgayło bożyiu pomoczyiu y welikoho kniazia Witolta poweleniiem wziął Czerkasy y Zwinihorod, y wozwratyłsia opiat ko Kijewu.	That winter or spring, Grand Duke Vytautas went to the Podolian land, whilst Prince Volodymyr Olgirdovych remained in Kyiv, refusing to show submission, and to bow his head before Grand Duke Vytautas. Duke Vytautas, having arrived in the spring, took the towns of Zhytomyr and Ovruch; and Prince Volodymyr came to him from Kyiv; that year in the autumn, Grand Duke Vytautas summoned him from Kyiv and gave him Kopyl, whilst installing Skirgaila Olgirdovych in Kyiv. Grand Duke Vytautas himself set out for the Podolian land, whilst he ordered Prince Skirgaila to march from Kyiv towards Cherkasy and Zvenyhorod[ka]. Prince Skirgaila, with God's help and at the behest of Grand Duke Vytautas, captured Cherkasy and Zvenyhorod[ka], and he returned to Kyiv.

NLeeuw (talk) 22:41, 14 March 2026 (UTC)

There really are differences in meaning in the first verbs connecting Skirgaila to Kyiv (посади, посадить, посадиль, оставит, осадить, посадил, osadzi, осадит, посадил, posadył; Chronicle GDLSR has deviating преложил) ranging from 'installed in' to 'laid siege to', even though these differences come down to a few letters and thus most probably represent scribal errors. It is easy to see how ть would be misread as л or vice versa, or how a scribe missed п as the first letter. The original is probably 'installed' (посадить posadit' / посадиль posadil', related to posadnik ["governor"], which is exactly what Skirgaila was in relation to Vytautas), not 'besieged' (осадит osadit, wikt:осадить). The context suggests Volodymyr Olgerdovych was initially not willing to submit to Vytautas once the latter had conquered Podolia. Yet, when Vytautas also conquered Zhytomyr and Ovruch, Volodymyr decided to try and make nice with Vytautas and went to visit him (probably in Zhytomyr or Ovruch). Vytautas accepted his submission, but demoted him to Kopyl as punishment for not submitting immediately. He 'installed' (посадить posadit', related to wikt:сѣдѣти, the Church Slavonic verb for 'to sit' or 'to reign' or 'to be prince' [in a city]) his loyalist Skirgaila as his governor (posadnik) in Kyiv to replace Volodymyr.

There would have been no need to besiege Kyiv if Volodymyr Olgerdovych had already left the city, and come forth to Vytautas in order to submit himself. Given the context, the textual witnesses which omit the п and turn it into something like 'to besiege' or 'to lay siege to' are probably scribal errors and (partial) attempted corrections to make sense of a misspelt verb in relation to a new prince loyal to Vytautas coming to a city that used to be hostile to Vytautas. It is not unreasonable for a scribe to infer military force was used, but the textual evidence and wider context suggest this is not what the original author wrote or meant. The only indication that Kyiv might still have been hostile to Vytautas is the allegation that Skirgaila might have been poisoned, although the external evidence suggests that his death happened in 1397, 3 years after Volodymyr Olgerdovych was removed from Kyiv in 1394. That is a long gap, and there is no recorded motive for the assassination, let alone proof that his death was the result of foul play, let alone that this indicated a general hostility of all Kyivans to Vytautas.

Finally, the narrative flow would be interrupted if the text really said 'laid siege to Kyiv' without telling the result of that siege; in the next sentence, Skirgaila is told to move from Kyiv to take Cherkasy and Zvenyhorodka and return to Kyiv, suggesting Kyiv was already under his control. Incidentally, the fact that Skirgaila needed 'God's help and Vytautas' command' suggests that the latter two cities did not give up without a fight, but were submitted by force of arms. NLeeuw (talk) 01:08, 15 March 2026 (UTC)

The Bychowiec Chronicle is remarkably close to earlier Ruthenian texts, and not at all to Olszew or the Chronicle of GDL, Samogitia and Ruthenia. This might be because the text is not really written in 'Polish' as such, but 'in Ruthenian transcribed in the Polish alphabet'. I can't make that linguistic judgement, but textually, the relationship is very strong. The only notable difference is 'Skirgaila Olgirdovych', showing that he was a brother of Volodymyr. The Chronicle of GDLSR goes out of its way to emphasise this fraternal connection three times throughout the text, explicitly siding with Volodymyr and calling this replacement unjust, but even that text never names his brother 'Skirgaila Olgirdovych'. NLeeuw (talk) 03:15, 15 March 2026 (UTC)

I need to make an important correction. The «Кройника литовская и жмойтская» [Lithuanian and Samogitian Chronicle] (see Wikidata Q4501691), as accessible in PSRL 32 (1975) at the Izbornyk website http://litopys.org.ua/psrl3235/lytov02.htm, is NOT representative of the so-called Chronicle of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Ruthenia and Samogitia (also known as the "second redaction" of the Belarusian–Lithuanian Chronicles) of the 1520s. Instead, it is a compilation of the File:Tobolski spisok.jpeg (Tobolsk manuscript) and Leningrad manuscript that were copied around the 1740s. This is explained at http://litopys.org.ua/psrl3235/lytov01.htm#krojzh, but somehow I had missed that explanation. This means that this critical edition of two very late copies of the Lithuanian Chronicles, with extensive alternations and embellishments of the source texts, is not relevant and not usable for textual criticism of the Tale about Podolia. I had my doubts already, but now they are confirmed. I'll keep the sections about Vytautas and Kyiv and Vytautas and Podolia separately here on the talk page for reference, but otherwise, I'm excluding it from further consideration.

Tobolsk/Leningrad manuscript (1740s)	Хроніка Литовська й Жмойтська in PSRL 32 (1975)	Translation
Vytautas and Kyiv л.497об.	О взятю Киева през Витолта. Потом Витолт, чинячи собЂ пановане самовладное в Лит†и в Руси, выправил з тым же поселством до Володимера Олгердовича, князя киевского, абы послушенство, присягу, подданства и голд отдал ему. Володимер зас, маючи волный удЂл собЂ и волное князство Киевское отца своего Олгерда, не хотЂл присяги, подданства, a ни голду ему отдавати, але умислил боронитися и гвалт неслушный яко могучи слушною обороною отбити. Потом Витолт з Скиргайлом на початку весны Овручов и Житомир, замки его, a пригородки киевские, моцю взял, которые Витолт зараз Скиргайлови отдал, a сам з войском до Киева тягнул. Володимер также наготовался против ему з войском, a гды ся обачил сам в собЂ, пришол сам до Витолта. Витолт принял его и взял от него Киев и зараз Скиргайла брата Володимерова киевским князем зараз преложил и подал его зо всЂми пригородками ему в моц, a Володимеру дал замЂну Копыле замок з великими волостями его. Скиргайло, брат Володимеров, зоставши от Витолта князем киевским, тягнул з войском под Канев, под Черкасы и под Звенигород замки, котрых Володимер не хотЂл пустити ни Витолтови, a ни Скиргайлови, але их Скиргайло силою военною добывши опановал. И так в той час Скиргайло одержал под братом Володимером Киевское князство, Житомир, Овручов, Канев, Черкасы, Звиногород зо всЂми приналежитыми волостями киевскими,	About the capture of Kyiv by Vytautas. Then Vytautas, having established his sovereign power in Lithuania and Ruthenia, sent the aforementioned delegation to Volodymyr Olgerdovych, Prince of Kyiv, to pledge his allegiance, swear an oath, declare his loyalty and pay tribute to him. Volodymyr, having inherited his father Algirdas's free fief and the free principality of Kyiv, refused to swear an oath, to pledge allegiance, or to pay tribute to him; instead, he resolved to defend himself and to repel this unjust aggression with a strong and effective defence. Then, in early spring, Vytautas and Skirgaila captured Ovruch, Zhytomyr, their castles, and the suburbs of Kyiv; Vytautas immediately handed these over to Skirgaila, whilst he himself marched on to Kyiv with his army. Volodymyr also prepared to march against him with his army, and when he had gathered his forces, he went to meet Vytautas himself. Vytautas accepted him and took Kyiv from him; he then appointed Skirgaila, the brother of Volodymyr, as Prince of Kyiv, and placed him in power along with all the surrounding districts, whilst he gave Volodymyr the castle of Kopyl in exchange, together with its extensive estates. Skirgaila, brother of Volodymyr, having been appointed Prince of Kyiv by Vytautas, marched with his army to the castles near Kaniv, Cherkasy and Zvenyhorod[ka], which Volodymyr had refused to hand over to either Vytautas or Skirgaila; yet Skirgaila captured them by force of arms and took control of them. And so, at that time, Skirgaila received, under his brother Volodymyr, the Principality of Kyiv, Zhytomyr, Ovruch, Kaniv, Cherkasy, and Zvenyhorod[ka], together with all the associated Kyivan districts,
Vytautas and Podolia л.498.–л.498об.	Выправа Витолта на Подоле. Потом Витолт на Подоле з войском литовским и руским... ...писал кроль до Витолта, абы гроши вернул, a городы Подолские собЂ отобрал, що князь Витолт зараз учинил: отослал гроши Ягейлови кролеви през пана Немиру и пана Димитрия Вазилевича. И так Витолт Подоле отобрал и учинил старостою на всем Подолью Гроковского, a потым все Подоле дал пану Петру Монтогордовичю, а по нем дал Долгвирдови, воеводЂ виленскому.	Vytautas' expedition to Podolia. Then Vytautas marched on Podolia with Lithuanian and Ruthenian armies... ...the king wrote to Vytautas, demanding that he return the money and hand over the towns of Podolia, which Duke Vytautas had just seized: sent money to King Jagiello through ban Nemira and ban Dimitri Vasilevich. And so Vytautas seized Podolia and appointed Grokovsky as governor over all of Podolia; afterwards, he gave all of Podolia to Lord Peter Montogordovich, and after him to Dolgvir, the Voivode of Vilnius.

NLeeuw (talk) 15:03, 15 March 2026 (UTC)