Talk:Area Redevelopment Administration

Notes from internet search

These are arbitrary notes from an internet search

“ The journalism of the New York Times's Homer Bigart, John F. Kennedy's Area Redevelopment Administration, and the exposés of Michael Harrington and Harry Caudill all adopted an image of white mountain men in need of intervention. Those projects were popular enough to give Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson some executive clout, but support for the Great Society waned when white voters felt cheated by governments that were assisting African Americans instead of (white) mountaineers. We can measure the rise and fall of that electoral support, Hartman hints, via the sudden popularity of televised rural comedies and their abrupt departure by 1972. ”

Slavishak, Edward S. (2017). "In the Shadow of Boone and Crockett: Race, Culture, and the Politics of Representation in the Upland South by Ian C. Hartman". Journal of Southern History. 83 (2). Johns Hopkins University Press: 471–472. doi:10.1353/soh.2017.0144. ISSN 2325-6893. {{cite journal}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help) summarizing * Hartman, I.C. (2015). In the Shadow of Boone and Crockett: Race, Culture, and the Politics of Representation in the Upland South. University of Tennessee Press. ISBN 978-1-62190-169-3. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)

“ After Kennedy became President, Bill [William "Bill" Loren Batt, Jr. ] actively lobbied in Washington for the Area Redevelopment Act of 1961, the first piece of legislation successfully passed by the new Administration. President Kennedy named Bill Administrator of the new Area Redevelopment Administration (ARA), which supervised a program of grants, loans and technical assistance to areas of high unemployment or underemployment. ”

Courant, Hartford (30 March 2004). "BATT, WILLIAM ``BILL LOREN, JR". courant.com. Retrieved 8 February 2019. {{cite web}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)

“ On 12 June [1963], however, President Kennedy did record a phone call about legislative obstruction by southern segregationists. House Majority Leader Carl B. Albert [D–Oklahoma] described the defeat of a bill to boost funding for the Area Redevelopment Administration (ARA), a federal bureaucracy designed to address problems associated with poverty and economic development in depressed areas of Appalachia. Created by the May 1961 passage of the Area Redevelopment Act, the agency initially had the support of a coalition of liberal Democrats, southern segregationists, and some Republicans. In this call, Kennedy and Albert blamed its budget defeat on southern segregationists upset by provisions requiring desegregation and by the defections of many Republicans. To the President and the Majority Leader, the defeat signaled a strengthening of the coalition of Republicans and conservative southern Democrats, and a tough year ahead for any progressive legislation. ”

https://prde.upress.virginia.edu/content/JFK_CivilRights1963

“ During the recession of 1953-54 that followed the end of the Korean War, Senator Paul Douglas of Illinois, a well-known economist, promoted legislation to provide federal aid to old industrial areas. John Kennedy supported such programs in his campaign for the presidency in 1960. The outcome of this support was the creation of the Area Redevelopment Administration (ARA). The ARA legislation provided for:

1. Loans for businesses
2. Loans and grants for public facilities
3. Training of unemployed workers
4. Technical assistance and planning grants.

About one third of the ARA funds were allocated for business loans, but there was a specific prohibition against loans to assist businesses moving from one area to another.

About one thousand counties were eligible for the $323 million allocated to ARA. This was only about $300,000 per county, an inadequate amount to achieve the goals of ARA. Decisions were made on a county-by-county basis with no consideration for intercounty economic dependence.

ARA's effectiveness was disputed and the General Accounting Office of the government accused the ARA of inflating its figures on job creation and unemployment reduction. There were also issues about federal versus state jurisdiction, planning versus market processes, and "place prosperity" versus "people prosperity."

During the 1960's under Lyndon Johnson's Great Society Era the need for governmental programs for depressed areas became generally accepted. There was an activist orientation of the country at that time. In 1965 the Economic Development Administration (EDA) and the Appalachian Regional Commission (ARC) were established.

EDA replaced ARA, but used some of the same methods. Some of the goals of EDA were:

1. To reduce the incidence of substantial and persistent unemployment and underemployment.
2. To improve the economic coordination of the federal, state, and local levels of government.

Although there were similarities of EDA to ARA, EDA operated with a more comprehensive notion of planning areas (multicounty Economic Development Districts) and promoted greater local participation. Economic Development Districts (EDD's) included counties with healthy economies as well as those with depressed economies. Congress stipulated that there must be one redevelopment area per state.

”

Watkins, Thayer (June 19, 2015). "Regional Development Policies and Programs of the U.S." San José State University Department of Economics. Retrieved 8 February 2019.

I provide them here because it gets harder to do an internet search after the Wikipedia article is published due to mirrors. Daask (talk) 01:14, 9 February 2019 (UTC)