Spectral Hash

Spectral Hash is a cryptographic hash function submitted to the NIST hash function competition by Gokay Saldamlı, Cevahir Demirkıran, Megan Maguire, Carl Minden, Jacob Topper, Alex Troesch, Cody Walker, Çetin Kaya Koç.^[1]^[2]^[3] It uses a Merkle–Damgård construction and employs several mathematical structures including finite fields and discrete Fourier transforms. The authors claim 512-bit hashes at 51.2 gigabits per second on a 100-MHz Virtex-4 FPGA.

Spectral hash is insecure; a method exists to generate arbitrary collisions in the hash state, and therefore in the final hash digest.^[4]

References

↑ Çetin Kaya Koç (2017-01-04). "Spectral Hash" (PDF). Computer Security Resource Center, NIST.
↑ "First SHA-3 Candidate Conference". Computer Security Resource Center, NIST. 25–28 February 2009.
↑ Ray C.C. Cheung; Çetin K. Koç; John D. Villasenor (2009). "A High-Performance Hardware Architecture for Spectral Hash Algorithm". 2009 20th IEEE International Conference on Application-specific Systems, Architectures and Processors. pp. 215–218. doi:10.1109/ASAP.2009.31. S2CID 15221666.
↑ Heilman, Ethan (2009-03-12). "Collision for Spectral Hash". Retrieved 19 May 2009.

v t e Cryptographic hash functions and message authentication codes
List Comparison Known attacks
Common functions	MD5 (compromised) SHA-1 (compromised) SHA-2 SHA-3 BLAKE2
SHA-3 finalists	BLAKE Grøstl JH Skein Keccak (winner)
Other functions	BLAKE3 CubeHash ECOH FSB Fugue GOST HAS-160 HAVAL Kupyna LSH Lane MASH-1 MASH-2 MD2 MD4 MD6 MDC-2 N-hash RIPEMD RadioGatún SIMD SM3 SWIFFT Shabal Snefru Streebog Tiger VSH Whirlpool
Password hashing/ key stretching functions	Argon2 Balloon bcrypt Catena crypt LM hash Lyra2 Makwa PBKDF2 scrypt yescrypt
General purpose key derivation functions	HKDF KDF1/KDF2
MAC functions	CBC-MAC DAA GMAC HMAC NMAC OMAC/CMAC PMAC Poly1305 SipHash UMAC VMAC
Authenticated encryption modes	CCM ChaCha20-Poly1305 CWC EAX GCM IAPM OCB
Attacks	Collision attack Preimage attack Birthday attack Brute-force attack Rainbow table Side-channel attack Length extension attack
Design	Avalanche effect Hash collision Merkle–Damgård construction Sponge function HAIFA construction
Standardization	CAESAR Competition CRYPTREC NESSIE NIST hash function competition Password Hashing Competition NSA Suite B CNSA
Utilization	Hash-based cryptography Merkle tree Message authentication Proof of work Salt Pepper

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