Samur Emirate
Samur Emirate | |||||||||||||||
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| 1460–1538 | |||||||||||||||
 Flag | |||||||||||||||
 Samur Emirates 1460 | |||||||||||||||
| Official languages | Lezgian languages | ||||||||||||||
| Ethnic groups | Lezgins | ||||||||||||||
| Religion | Sunni Islam | ||||||||||||||
| Government | Emirate | ||||||||||||||
• Emir | Ilchi Ahmad Bahadur | ||||||||||||||
| Establishment | Gained independance from Lakzan | ||||||||||||||
| History | |||||||||||||||
• Established | 1460 | ||||||||||||||
• Disestablished | 1538 | ||||||||||||||
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| Today part of | Dagestan | ||||||||||||||
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Samur Emirate also known as the Emirate of Ilchi Ahmad or Ilchi Ahmad Emirates was a late Lezgin medieval political entity in the Samur River region of southern Dagestan. It was established during the reign of Khalilullah I of Shirvanshahs, and was ruled by Emir Ilchi Ahmad Bahadur. The emirate was under the protection of the Shirvanshahs and ruled the lands of the modern Akhty District, Dokuzparinsky District, and Kurakhsky Districts[1]
The centre of the Emirate was located in the fortress of Ilkhir, in the Samur region following the death of Ilchi Ahmad his son Muhammad Bek inherited control of the Akhty and Miskindzha territories after Muhammad Beks death, the lands were divided amongst his sons leading to the emergence of the Akhty Bekdom, Miskindzha Bekdom, and other principalities.[2] the fall and collapse of the Emirate is connected with the fall of Shirvanshah Derbendi dynasty in 1538.
History
[edit]The origins of the Emirate were connected with the political struggles of the Kaitag Utsmiate during the late 14th and early 15th centuries. A dispute between the brothers over the Kaitag succession resulted in Ilchi-Ahmad leaving Kaitag and taking refuge in Shirvan.
According to the historical tradition preserved in Dagestani sources, Ilchi-Ahmad had distinguished himself during the campaigns of Timur and received the title Bahadur, meaning "hero" or "warrior". After his arrival in Shirvan, he entered the service of the Shirvanshahs. During the reign of Khalilullah I (1417–1462/1465), a territory in the Samur region was placed under Ilchi-Ahmad's authority, forming the basis of the Emirate.[3] There is no certain date of the Emirates establishment but it was likely formed in the 1460s gaining independence from the collapsing Kingdom of Lakzan.
Dissolution
[edit]The Emirate gradually ceased to exist following the division of its lands among the descendants of Ilchi Ahmad. The local Bekdoms that emerged from the former Emirate continued to exist independently later on.