Ratchaburi
Ratchaburi
ราชบุรี Rajburi, Rat Buri | |
|---|---|
Town | |
 View of Ratchaburi from Kaen Chan hill | |
  Location within Thailand | |
| Coordinates: 13°32′8″N 99°48′48″E / 13.53556°N 99.81333°E[1] | |
| Country | Thailand |
| Province | Ratchaburi Province |
| District | Mueang Ratchaburi District |
| Subdistrict | Na Mueang |
| Area | |
• Total | 8.70 km2 (3.36 sq mi) |
| Population (2018)[3] | |
• Total | 36,040 |
| • Density | 4,142.52/km2 (10,729.1/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+7 (ICT) |
| Website | www |
Ratchaburi (Thai: ราชบุรี, pronounced [râːt.t͡ɕʰā.bū.rīː]; also rendered as Rajburi or Rat Buri) is a historic town (thesaban mueang) in western Thailand and the capital of Ratchaburi Province. The area shows early settlement associated with Dvaravati culture and later became an important trade centre in the Ayutthaya period.
Ratchaburi town covers the entire tambon Na Mueang (หน้าเมือง) of Mueang Ratchaburi District.[4] As of 2018 it had an estimated population of 36,040, down from 38,149 in 2005.[5][3]
History
[edit]The earliest evidence of settled habitation is that of the Dvaravati culture.[6] At one time it was thought that the early town was founded on the coast of the Gulf of Thailand, and that over time the coast had moved 30 km (18 miles) away to the south, due to sedimentation coming down the Mae Klong River.[7] However, geological and palynological investigation has shown that these early Dvaravati and proto-Dvaravati towns were all inland, at the edges of swamps when founded.[8] A third reconstruction stands between the two. A survey by Phōngsi Wanasin and Thiwa Supcanya found the ancient towns of the plain arranged in two rows above the 3.5-metre contour, the western running from Phetchaburi through Ratchaburi to Suphan Buri; David K. Wyatt, who reports it, reads the rows as the fringes of a plain then largely under water, without placing the towns on an open coast.[9]: 7 Chinese ceramics of the Han, Five Dynasties, Tang and Song periods have been dredged from the Mae Klong in front of Wat Ko Nammathapathawalanchayaram, on the river at Ratchaburi, and O. W. Wolters allowed the mouth of the Mae Klong here as a possible seaport for the polity the Chinese called Chen Li Fu.[10]: 9–10 Ratchaburi remains an important commercial centre, however. Archeological discoveries show that the area was already settled in the Bronze Age, and the town itself is known to have existed for at least two thousand years.
Walailak Songsiri treats Ratchaburi as a later town grown out of the moated Dvaravati settlement at Khu Bua, in the same way that she derives Phetchaburi from the coastal site at Khao Chao Lai.[10]: 9 For the Angkorian period she notes the gallery wall of Wat Mahathat in the town, which imitates that of Preah Khan, and the signage there naming the place Sri Jayarajapura, one of the cities of the Preah Khan inscription; she reports the identification as one made by scholars rather than endorsing it.[10]: 4
In the 13th-century, King Ram Khamhaeng seized Ratchaburi and incorporated it into the Sukhothai Kingdom.[11] Later it was an important trade centre in the Ayutthaya Kingdom.[12] In 1768 the Burmese (who had recently destroyed Ayutthaya) were thrown out of Ratchaburi by King Taksin, and the town became part of Siam.[13]
In 2000, a splinter group of Karen activists from Burma, known as God's Army, briefly took the Ratchaburi hospital staff and patients hostage, before the siege was ended by the Thai army.[14][15][16]
Climate
[edit]| Climate data for Ratchaburi (1993–2022) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 31.9 (89.4) |
33.9 (93.0) |
35.4 (95.7) |
36.2 (97.2) |
35.1 (95.2) |
34.0 (93.2) |
33.3 (91.9) |
33.2 (91.8) |
32.9 (91.2) |
31.8 (89.2) |
31.4 (88.5) |
30.8 (87.4) |
33.3 (92.0) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 25.5 (77.9) |
27.2 (81.0) |
28.8 (83.8) |
29.7 (85.5) |
29.2 (84.6) |
28.6 (83.5) |
28.1 (82.6) |
28.1 (82.6) |
27.8 (82.0) |
27.2 (81.0) |
26.6 (79.9) |
25.3 (77.5) |
27.7 (81.8) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 20.6 (69.1) |
22.1 (71.8) |
23.9 (75.0) |
25.1 (77.2) |
25.7 (78.3) |
25.4 (77.7) |
25.0 (77.0) |
25.0 (77.0) |
24.9 (76.8) |
24.6 (76.3) |
23.4 (74.1) |
21.2 (70.2) |
23.9 (75.0) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 5.2 (0.20) |
7.1 (0.28) |
32.1 (1.26) |
44.0 (1.73) |
150.6 (5.93) |
130.7 (5.15) |
128.1 (5.04) |
118.0 (4.65) |
220.2 (8.67) |
235.0 (9.25) |
61.7 (2.43) |
10.4 (0.41) |
1,143.1 (45) |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 72 | 73 | 74 | 74 | 79 | 80 | 81 | 81 | 83 | 86 | 81 | 74 | 78 |
| Source: Soil Resources Survey and Research Division[17] | |||||||||||||
References
[edit]- ↑ GoogleEarth
- ↑ ตำบลหน้าเมือง อำเภอเมือง ราชบุรี [Tumbol Naimueang Amphoe Mueang Ratchaburi] (in Thai). ThaiTambon. Archived from the original on 16 June 2017.
- 1 2 "รายงานสถิติจำนวนประชากรและบ้าน ประจำปี พ.ศ. 2561 ท้องถิ่นเทศบาลเมืองราชบุรี". ระบบสถิติทางการทะเบียน กรมการปกครอง (in Thai). Retrieved 6 May 2019.
- ↑ Thaitambon.com Archived 9 February 2010 at the Wayback Machine, Accessed 11 May 2011 (in Thai)[Link to precise page]
- ↑ "Thailand: Regions and Major Cities". Germany: City Population.
- ↑ Higham, Charles (2014). Early Mainland Southeast Asia: From first humans to Angkor. Bangkok: River Books. ISBN 978-974-7381-34-4.
- ↑ For a discussion of these sources, see Vickery, Michael (2000). "Coedès' Histories of Cambodia" (PDF). Silpakorn University International Journal. 1 (1): 61–108, page 70, note 19.
- ↑ In general for siltation by the Mae Klong, see Melis, Romana; Violanti, Donata (2006). "Foraminiferal biodiversity and Holocene evolution of the Phetchaburi coastal area (Thailand Gulf)". Marine Micropaleontology. 61 (1/3): 94–115. Bibcode:2006MarMP..61...94M. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2006.05.006.
- ↑ David K. Wyatt (2001). "Relics, Oaths and Politics in Thirteenth-Century Siam" (PDF). Journal of Southeast Asian Studies. 32 (1): 3–65. JSTOR 20072298. Archived from the original on 26 January 2026. Retrieved 10 September 2025.
- 1 2 3 Walailak Songsiri (2025). "ในดินแดนแห่งเจนลีฟู นครรัฐที่ไม่ได้อยู่ในอำนาจทางการเมืองของพระเจ้าชัยวรมันที่ ๗ สู่ปัญหาทางประวัติศาสตร์ที่หาทางออกไม่เจอของสังคมไทย" [In the land of Chen Li Fu, a city-state outside the political power of Jayavarman VII, and the historical problem Thai society has not resolved]. Lek-Prapai Viriyaphan Foundation (in Thai). Retrieved 14 July 2025.
- ↑ Gstaltmayr, Heiner F.; et al. (2015). "Ratchaburi". Baedeker Reiseführer Thailand (in German). Ostfildern: Baedeker (Mair Dumont). p. 480. ISBN 978-3-8297-9375-9.
- ↑ Baker, Christopher John; Phongphaičhit, Phāsuk (2017). A History of Ayutthaya: Siam in the Early Modern World. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press. p. 186. ISBN 978-1-107-19076-4.
- ↑ Baker & Phongphaičhit 2017, p. 263
- ↑ Mishra, Omprakash; Ghosh, Sucheta (2003). Terrorism And Low Intensity Conflict In South Asian Region. New Delhi: Manak Publications. p. 361. ISBN 978-81-7827-073-9.
- ↑ Richburg, Keith B. (24 January 2000). "Child Terrorists Hold Hundreds Hostage in Thailand". The Washington Post.
- ↑ Horn, Robert; et al. (7 February 2000). "The Twin Terrors". Time. Retrieved 8 July 2018.
- ↑ "การประเมินสถานภาพทรัพยากรดินในพื้นที่เกษตอัตลักษณ์พื้นถิ่น" (PDF). Land Development Department. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 March 2024. Retrieved 20 March 2024.
External links
[edit]
Media related to Ratchaburi at Wikimedia Commons
Ratchaburi travel guide from Wikivoyage- City of Ratchaburi (in Thai)
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