Edge Rewrite
everything Source code View original
// HTMLRewriter · presentation

This page was redesigned at the edge.

Cloudflare fetched the original article and streamed it through HTMLRewriter to apply an entirely new visual system without rebuilding the source page.

// request.cf · coarse context

A page that knows where it met you.

Only coarse request metadata is shown. This demo does not display or persist visitor IP addresses.

Country
US
Cloudflare location
CMH
Connection
HTTP/2
Language
Not provided

Ray ID: a423b92e7f8c79f3

Jump to content

Pterygoid bone

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Pterygoid bones)
Skull diagram with 26 colors labeling individual single or paired bones
Skull diagram of Champsosaurus, showing the pterygoid bone in red-violet (visible in inferior view at lower right and posterior to the ectopterygoid bone in lateral view at top)
Skull of the early reptile Milleretta (Millerettidae), showing the pterygoid bearing palatal teeth in green (labeled pt, bottom right)

The pterygoid is a paired bone forming part of the palate of many vertebrates, behind the palatine bones.[1]

It is a flat and thin lamina, united to the medial side of the pterygoid process of the sphenoid bone, and to the perpendicular lamina of the palatine bone.[2] In many early tetrapods the pterygoid bears teeth (palatal dentition), which are retained by some living squamates.[3]

In mammals, the pterygoid fuses with the ectopterygoid; the resulting fusion is sometimes referred to simply as the pterygoid.[4]

In humans, the pterygoid-ectopterygoid element fuses with the orbitosphenoids, the alisphenoid, the presphenoid[5], and the basisphenoid to become to the sphenoid bone, of which it is the pterygoid process.[6]

References

[edit]
  1. ↑ "Origin of the pterygoid bone and pharyngeal musculature in mammals". crompton.oeb.harvard.edu. Retrieved 2024-01-29.
  2. ↑ "Pterygoid bone - vet-Anatomy - IMAIOS". www.imaios.com. Retrieved 2024-01-29.
  3. ↑ Matsumoto, Ryoko; Evans, Susan E. (January 2017). "The palatal dentition of tetrapods and its functional significance". Journal of Anatomy. 230 (1): 47–65. doi:10.1111/joa.12534. ISSN 0021-8782. PMC 5192890. PMID 27542892.
  4. ↑ Presley, R.; Steel, F. L. D. (1978-01-01). "The pterygoid and ectopterygoid in mammals". Anatomy and Embryology. 154 (1): 95–110. doi:10.1007/BF00317957. ISSN 1432-0568.
  5. ↑ Hirano-Kawamoto, Ai; Yamamoto, Masahito; Honkura, Yohei; Murakami, Gen; Hayashi, Shogo; Katori, Yukio (2026-06-30). "Distinct delayed development of the basisphenoid–ethmoid interface in human fetuses: a histological study using human fetuses". Anatomy & Cell Biology. 59 (2). Korean Association of Anatomists: 318–328. doi:10.5115/acb.25.299. PMC 13291705. PMID 42056064.
  6. ↑ Mead, James G.; Fordyce, R. Ewan (2009). "The therian skull : a lexicon with emphasis on the odontocetes". Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology. Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press.

Baumel, J. J. (1993). "4. Osteologia". Handbook of Avian Anatomy: Nomina Anatomica Avium. Publications of the Nuttall Ornithological Club. Vol. 23 (2 ed.). Cambridge, Massachusetts: Nuttall Ornithological Club. LCCN 94102039. OCLC 29278198.


Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pterygoid_bone&oldid=1377165662"