Protein BEX2

BEX2
Identifiers
Aliases	BEX2, BEX1, DJ79P11.1, brain expressed X-linked 2
External IDs	OMIM: 300691; MGI: 1338017; GeneCards: BEX2
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	X chromosome (human)
End	103,311,007 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	X chromosome (mouse)
End	134,968,985 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	endothelial cell; ; Brodmann area 23; ; pons; ; anterior pituitary; ; prefrontal cortex; ; superior vestibular nucleus; ; nucleus accumbens; ; middle temporal gyrus; ; cerebellar vermis; ; Brodmann area 9;
	Top expressed in
	arcuate nucleus; ; ventromedial nucleus; ; paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus; ; temporal lobe; ; amygdala; ; dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus; ; lateral septal nucleus; ; anterior amygdaloid area; ; lateral hypothalamus; ; median eminence;
	More reference expression data
	n/a
Gene ontology
Molecular function	protein binding;
Cellular component	cytoplasm; nucleus;
Biological process	regulation of apoptotic process; cell cycle; regulation of cell cycle; apoptotic process;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Databases	NCBI: entry; OMA: entry
	84707
	12069
	ENSG00000133134
	ENSMUSG00000042750
	Q9BXY8
	Q9WTZ8
	NM_032621; NM_001168399; NM_001168400; NM_001168401
	NM_009749
	NP_001161871; NP_001161872; NP_001161873; NP_116010
	NP_033879
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Protein BEX2 also known as brain-expressed X-linked protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BEX2 gene.^[5]^[6] It is exclusively expressed in the pancreas, kidney, liver, adrenal gland and testis.^[7] In accordance with cancer stem cell theory, there's is a link between BEX2 and dormant cancer stem cells of many different types of cancer.^[8]

The exact role of the protein is controversial however there is research that narrows down its effects. In cholangiocarcinoma stem cells, BEX2 suppresses mitochondrial functions through the TUMF protein and BEX2 is degraded by FEM1B-CUL2 E3 ubiquitin ligase complex.^[8] A link was found between BEX2 and MMP2 in regard to cancer invasion. ^[9] Increase of BEX2 expression caused an increase in stem cell development in the liver but loss of BEX2 caused no noticeable abnormalities. BEX2 expression has also protected cells from apoptosis which can contribute to cancerous growth.^[7]

References

1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000133134 – Ensembl, May 2017
1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000042750 – Ensembl, May 2017
↑ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
↑ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
↑ Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, Derge JG, Klausner RD, Collins FS, et al. (December 2002). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 99 (26): 16899–16903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
↑ "Entrez Gene: BEX2 brain expressed X-linked 2".
1 2 Kazi JU, Kabir NN, Rönnstrand L (December 2015). "Brain-Expressed X-linked (BEX) proteins in human cancers". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Cancer. 1856 (2): 226–233. doi:10.1016/j.bbcan.2015.09.001. PMID 26408910.
1 2 Tamai K, Nakamura-Shima M, Shibuya-Takahashi R, Kanno SI, Yasui A, Mochizuki M, et al. (December 2020). "BEX2 suppresses mitochondrial activity and is required for dormant cancer stem cell maintenance in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma". Scientific Reports. 10 (1) 21592. doi:10.1038/s41598-020-78539-0. PMC 7725823. PMID 33299012.
↑ Zhou X, Xu X, Meng Q, Hu J, Zhi T, Shi Q, et al. (May 2013). "Bex2 is critical for migration and invasion in malignant glioma cells". Journal of Molecular Neuroscience. 50 (1): 78–87. doi:10.1007/s12031-012-9864-8. PMID 22907646.

Baldisseri DM, Margolis JW, Weber DJ, Koo JH, Margolis FL (June 2002). "Olfactory marker protein (OMP) exhibits a beta-clam fold in solution: implications for target peptide interaction and olfactory signal transduction". Journal of Molecular Biology. 319 (3): 823–837. doi:10.1016/S0022-2836(02)00282-6. PMID 12054873.
Alvarez E, Zhou W, Witta SE, Freed CR (2005). "Characterization of the Bex gene family in humans, mice, and rats". Gene. 357 (1): 18–28. doi:10.1016/j.gene.2005.05.012. PMID 15958283.
Han C, Liu H, Liu J, Yin K, Xie Y, Shen X, et al. (2005). "Human Bex2 interacts with LMO2 and regulates the transcriptional activity of a novel DNA-binding complex". Nucleic Acids Research. 33 (20): 6555–6565. doi:10.1093/nar/gki964. PMC 1298925. PMID 16314316.
Foltz G, Ryu GY, Yoon JG, Nelson T, Fahey J, Frakes A, et al. (July 2006). "Genome-wide analysis of epigenetic silencing identifies BEX1 and BEX2 as candidate tumor suppressor genes in malignant glioma". Cancer Research. 66 (13): 6665–6674. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-4453. PMID 16818640.
Fischer C, Drexler HG, Reinhardt J, Zaborski M, Quentmeier H (February 2007). "Epigenetic regulation of brain expressed X-linked-2, a marker for acute myeloid leukemia with mixed lineage leukemia rearrangements". Leukemia. 21 (2): 374–377. doi:10.1038/sj.leu.2404493. PMID 17251904. S2CID 30361206.
Naderi A, Teschendorff AE, Beigel J, Cariati M, Ellis IO, Brenton JD, et al. (July 2007). "BEX2 is overexpressed in a subset of primary breast cancers and mediates nerve growth factor/nuclear factor-kappaB inhibition of apoptosis in breast cancer cell lines". Cancer Research. 67 (14): 6725–6736. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-06-4394. PMID 17638883.

This article on a gene on the human X chromosome and/or its associated protein is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by adding missing information.

[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] 1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000133134 – Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] 1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000042750 – Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Strausberg_2002-5] Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, Derge JG, Klausner RD, Collins FS, et al. (December 2002). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 99 (26): 16899–16903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.

[entrez-6] "Entrez Gene: BEX2 brain expressed X-linked 2".

[juk-7] 1 2 Kazi JU, Kabir NN, Rönnstrand L (December 2015). "Brain-Expressed X-linked (BEX) proteins in human cancers". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Cancer. 1856 (2): 226–233. doi:10.1016/j.bbcan.2015.09.001. PMID 26408910.

[Tamai_2020-8] 1 2 Tamai K, Nakamura-Shima M, Shibuya-Takahashi R, Kanno SI, Yasui A, Mochizuki M, et al. (December 2020). "BEX2 suppresses mitochondrial activity and is required for dormant cancer stem cell maintenance in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma". Scientific Reports. 10 (1) 21592. doi:10.1038/s41598-020-78539-0. PMC 7725823. PMID 33299012.

[9] Zhou X, Xu X, Meng Q, Hu J, Zhi T, Shi Q, et al. (May 2013). "Bex2 is critical for migration and invasion in malignant glioma cells". Journal of Molecular Neuroscience. 50 (1): 78–87. doi:10.1007/s12031-012-9864-8. PMID 22907646.

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Protein BEX2

References

Further reading