Prior of Lanthony Secunda
The prior of Lanthony Secunda Priory was the head of the house and, from its foundation in 1137 until it became independent in 1205, also prior of Llanthony Prima.[1]: xi [2]: 15
The first prior of Lanthony Secunda, and the third of Llanthony Prima, was Robert de Braci, who died shortly after the church at Lanthony Secunda was consecrated.[3]: 223 [4]: 172 The last prior, Richard Hempsted, surrendered the priory in 1538 during the dissolution of the monasteries.[5]: 135–143 [6]: 470–471
Background
[edit]Llanthony Priory began as a hermitage on the edge of the Black Mountains at the beginning of the twelfth century and into a monastery of Augustinian canons c. 1118.[7]: xi [8]: 15 In 1136, amid the lawlessness that followed the death of Henry I, most of the canons fled Llanthony and founded Lanthony Secunda outside Gloucester as a cell of Llanthony Prima. Lanthony Secunda remained a cell of Llanthony Prima, with a shared prior, until it became independent in 1205.[7]: xi [8]: 17–19
In 1481 Edward IV granted Lanthony Secunda, then under Henry Deane, a charter making Llanthony Prima a cell of its former daughter house. The charter required that Lanthony Secunda maintain at Llanthony Prima a dative prior and four canons.[6]: 469 [8]: 227–228
Priors
[edit]| From | Until | Incumbent | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1131 | 1137 | Robert de Braci | Third prior of Llanthony Prima and first prior of Lanthony Secunda. Died in 1137.[3]: 223 [4]: 172 |
| 1137 | 1150 | William of Wycombe | Elected in late 1137. Forced to resign in 1150.[4]: 172 [5]: 8–16 [9]: 151 |
| 1150 | c. 1169×1174 | Clement of Llanthony | Formerly sub-prior of Llanthony. Unanimously elected in 1150.[4]: 172 [5]: 16–25 |
| c. 1174 | c. 1186×1189 | Roger of Norwich | Formerly sub-prior of Llanthony. First occurs as prior in 1174. Resigned or died c. 1186×1189.[7]: 75 [4]: 172 [5]: 26–29 |
| c. 1185×1189 | 1203 | Geoffrey de Henlaw | First occurs as prior c. 1185×1189. Appointed bishop of St Davids in 1203 and resigned as prior. Died in 1214.[4]: 172 [5]: 29–33 [9]: 151 |
| c. 1203 | c. 1205 | Martin | Eighth prior of Llanthony Prima and sixth prior of Lanthony Secunda. The two houses separated during his priorship. Elected to continue as prior of Llanthony Prima.[3]: 225, 227 [4]: 172 [5]: 36–37 |
| c. 1205 | c. 1207 | Walter of Monmouth | [4]: 173 [5]: 37 |
| c. 1207 | c. 1216 | Gilbert | [4]: 173 [5]: 37 |
| c. 1217 | 1240 | John of Hempsted | Died in December 1240[4]: 173 [5]: 40 |
| c. 1241 | 1251 | Godfrey of Banbury | Believed to have succeeded John in 1241. Likely to be the unnamed prior who resigned in 1251.[5]: 46 [10]: 414 |
| 1251 | Everard (also Edward) | Succeeded in 1251[5]: 46 | |
| c. 1260×1265 | c. 1264 | Godfrey of Banbury | Reinstated or reelected.[5]: 46 [10]: 414 |
| c. 1265 | William of Ashwell | First occurs in either Oct 1260×Jun 1261 or July 1263×Aug 1265. Last occurs in 1279.[5]: 46 [10]: 414 | |
| 1283 | 1300 | Walter of Markley (also Marckleye, Marcley, Martleg, Martleya) | Elected in March 1283 and assaulted by a fellow canon shortly after his election. Last recorded in 1300.[5]: 61 [10]: 414 |
| 1300 | 1301 | Thomas of Gloucester | Elected in 1300, but objected to on grounds that he was excommunicated. Resigned in 1301.[11]: 291–292 |
| 1301 | c. 1322 | John of Chandos | First recorded as acting prior in June 1300. Last occurs in 1320.[5]: 67 [10]: 414 |
| c. 1322 | 1324 | William of Pendebury (also Penebury, Pyndebury) | Probably succeeded in 1322. Forced to resign by the king in March 1324.[5]: 76 [10]: 414 |
| 1324 | 1324 | Adam of Helnak | Granted custody of the priory by the king in May 1324 after a disputed election.[5]: 79–80 |
| 1324 | Robert of Gloucester | Elected in 1324 but never installed as prior. Election was declared void by the bishop of Winchester in 1325 and William of Pendebury was reinstated.[5]: 79–80 [10]: 415 | |
| 1326 | 1362 | William of Pendebury | Reinstated in September 1326. Died in November 1362.[5]: 81 [10]: 415 |
| 1362 | 1377 | Simon of Brockworth | Elected in November 1362. Died in February 1377.[5]: 92 [10]: 415 [12]: 36 |
| 1377 | 1401 | William of Chiriton (also Cheriton) | Elected in February 1377. Previously served as proctor of the priory in Ireland, 1360 to 1364. Died in 1401.[5]: 96, 107 [12]: 26 |
| 1401 | 1408 | John Lymnor (also Lymnon, Lymnour, Lymynour) | Elected in 1401. Died in August 1408.[5]: 108 [6]: 469 |
| 1408 | 1436 | John Wyche | Elected in August 1408. Died in April 1436.[5]: 109, 115 [12]: 26 [6]: 469 |
| 1436 | 1457 | John Garland (also Garlonde, Gerland) | Elected in May 1436. Died by in October 1457.[5]: 115–120 [6]: 470 |
| 1457 | 1466 | John Hayward (also Heyward) | Elected in October 1457. Ceased being prior c. February 1460, shortly after being released from prison. Died in 1487.[5]: 120–122 [12]: 26 [6]: 470 |
| 1466 | c. 1466×1467 | John Schoyer (also Shoyer) | [5]: 121–122 [6]: 470 |
| 1467 | 1501 | Henry Deane (also Dean, Denny, Deen) | Likely succeeded Schoyer in April 1461. Resigned in May 1501 to become archbishop of Canterbury. Died in 1503. Llanthony Prima became a daughter house of Lanthony Secunda during his term.[5]: 122–131 [6]: 470 |
| 1501 | 1525 | Edmund Forest (also Forrest, Shyar) | Elected in August 1501. Likely removed as prior in 1525.[5]: 132–135 [6]: 470 [12]: 26, 230 [13]: 29 |
| 1525 | 1538 | Richard Hempsted (also Harte, Hart) | First occurs as prior in 1525. Acknowledged royal supremacy in 1534, surrendered the priory in March 1538. Died in 1545.[5]: 135–143 [6]: 470–471 |
References
[edit]- ↑ Bartlett, Robert (2022). The history of Llanthony priory. Oxford medieval texts - cloth (1 ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-286649-3.
- ↑ Williams, David H. (2009). "Llanthony Prima Priory". The Monmouthshire Antiquary. 25–26: 13–50.
- 1 2 3 Lovegrove, E. W. (1942). "Llanthony Priory". Archaeologia Cambrensis. 97: 213–229.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Knowles, David; Brooke, Christopher Nugent Lawrence; London, Vera C. M., eds. (2001). "The Augustinian Canons". The heads of religious houses, England and Wales, I, 940-1216. The Heads of Religious Houses (2nd ed.). Cambridge, U.K New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-511-04167-9.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 Langston, J. N. (1942). "Priors of Lanthony by Gloucester" (PDF). Transactions of the Bristol and Gloucestershire Archaeological Society. 63: 1–144.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Smith, David Michael (2008). The heads of religious houses, England and Wales, III. 1377-1540. Cambridge: Cambridge university press. ISBN 978-0-521-86508-1.
- 1 2 3 Bartlett, Robert (2022). The history of Llanthony priory. Oxford medieval texts - cloth (1 ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-286649-3.
- 1 2 3 Williams, David H. (2009). "Llanthony Prima Priory". The Monmouthshire Antiquary. 25–26: 13–50.
- 1 2 Cowley, Frederick George (1977). The monastic order in South Wales, 1066-1349. Studies in Welsh history. University of Wales. Cardiff: University of Wales Press [for] the History and Law Committee of the Board of Celtic Studies. ISBN 978-0-7083-0648-2.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Smith, David Michael; London, Vera C. M. (2001). The heads of religious houses, England and Wales (2nd ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge university press. ISBN 978-0-521-80271-0.
- ↑ Geddes, Ann Mahling (Jan 1997). The Priory of Lanthony by Gloucester: An Augustinian House in an English Town, 1136-1401 (PhD thesis). Baltimore, Maryland.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Hogan, Arlene (2006). The lands of Llanthony Prima and Secunda in Ireland 1172-1541. Trinity College Dublin.
- ↑ Roberts, George (1846). Some Account of Llanthony Priory, Monmouthshire. London: W. Pickering (published 1847).