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Peermade

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Peermade
Hill station
Tea plantation near Pambanar community.Taken from National Highway 183.
Tea plantation near Pambanar community.
Taken from National Highway 183.
Peermade is located in Kerala
Peermade
Peermade
Location in Kerala, India
Peermade is located in India
Peermade
Peermade
Peermade (India)
Coordinates: 9°34′40″N 77°1′15″E / 9.57778°N 77.02083°E / 9.57778; 77.02083
Country India
StateKerala
DistrictIdukki
Government
 • TypePanchayati raj (India)
 • BodyPeermade Grama Panchayat
Area
 • Total
52.34 km2 (20.21 sq mi)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total
22,213
 • Density424.4/km2 (1,099/sq mi)
Languages
 • OfficialMalayalam, English[1]
 • RegionalMalayalam, Tamil[2]
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
685531
Area code04869
Vehicle registrationKL-37
Website

Peermade, also spelt Peerumedu is a village, Grama Panchayat and hill station in the state of Kerala, in southwestern India.[3] It lies 915 metres (3,002 ft) above sea level in the Western Ghats (Sahyadri) about 85 kilometres (53 mi) east of Kottayam on the way to Kumily.

Etymology

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The name is sometimes related to the Sufi saint, 'Peer Mohammed', as "hill of the Peer" (പീരുമേട്).[4]The name Peerumedu is traditionally associated with Pir Muhammed Waliullah, a Siddha and Sufi saint from Tamil Nadu who is said to have meditated in the hills for an extended period. He is also known as Peeru Muhammad Sahib and is regarded as a spiritual teacher and Sufi poet, sometimes referred to as the "Rumi of South India". His resting place is at Takkala in Kanyakumari district. Both Takkala and Peerumedu are considered pilgrimage sites associated with him.[5]

Another local tradition attributes the name "Peerumedu" to the large number of guava trees (pera) that once grew in the area. According to this account, the place was originally called "Peramedu", which later evolved into the present name Peerumedu.[6]

Demographics

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Languages of Peermade taluk (2011)
  1. Malayalam (65.3%)
  2. Tamil (34.3%)
  3. Others (0.31%)

As of the 2011 Census of India, Peerumade had a population of 22,213, comprising 11,049 males and 11,164 females. The village covers an area of 52.34 km² (20.21 sq mi) and contains 5,617 households. The sex ratio was 1,010 females per 1,000 males, which was lower than the state average of 1,084.[7] In Peerumade, 8.8% of the population was under 6 years of age. Peerumade had an average literacy of 89.1% lower than the state average of 94%; male literacy was 93.9% and female literacy was 84.5%.[8]

Geography

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The landscape of Peermade includes spectacular waterfalls, open grass lands and pine forests.[9]The area is classified as Malanad (hill country), with elevations ranging from about 3,000 ft (910 m) above mean sea level.[10]

History

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Peermade (Peerumedu) was formerly used as a summer retreat by the Maharajas of Travancore. In earlier periods the region was largely inaccessible, covered by dense forests, and inhabited by tribal communities such as the Malappandarams and Malayarans.[11] Archaeological findings indicate that a Neolithic culture once existed in the high ranges of the region, although it left no written records. Cultural remains discovered in the hill tracts near Kumily and Vandiperiyar provide evidence of early human activity in the area.[12][13]

Peermade (Peerumedu) occupied the highest elevation on the mountain route that once linked the Kingdom of Travancore with Madurai in ancient Tamilakam. The Western Ghats formed a natural barrier separating the two regions.[14] [13] The Periyar Wildlife Sanctuary, one of the larger wildlife reserves in India, is located about 43 km (27 mi) away. The sanctuary is known for its populations of elephants and other wildlife, as well as its lakes.[15]

Spices

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The area is extremely fertile and until recently featured lush plantations of coffee, tea, cardamon, and coconut.[16] With a long history of spice growing, the focus is now on the production of organic black pepper, white pepper, ginger and turmeric.[17]

At a 2006 show, spice growers from Peermade displayed samples of organically grown spices including cardamom, black pepper, white pepper, nutmeg, mace, cloves, turmeric, ginger, vanilla beans, vanilla powder and herbs such as oregano, sage, thyme and rosemary. Oils of thyme and rosemary were also displayed.[18]

Education

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Marian College[19] and Mar Baselios Christian College of Engineering and Technology[20] are located at Kuttikanam in Peermade.

Politics

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Peermade assembly constituency is part of Idukki (Lok Sabha constituency).[21] Cyriac Thomas is the current MLA of peermade.

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See also

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Notes

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  1. ↑ "The Kerala Official Language (Legislation) Act, 1969" (PDF). Archived from the original on 20 April 2016. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  2. ↑ "Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Kerala". www.censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. Archived from the original on 18 June 2023. Retrieved 5 July 2023.
  3. ↑ "Peermade village". Government of Kerala, Revenue Department. Archived from the original on 20 May 2025. Retrieved 20 May 2025.
  4. ↑ http://www.theindia.info/peermade/ Archived 30 December 2019 at the Wayback Machine Story of Tea Plantation in Kerala / George Thengummoottil
  5. ↑ "Origin of the name Peerumedu". {{cite web}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Missing or empty |url= (help)
  6. ↑ "Etymology of Peerumedu". {{cite web}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Missing or empty |url= (help)
  7. ↑ "Census of India 2011 – Peerumade". Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 27 July 2026.
  8. ↑ Kerala, Directorate of Census Operations. District Census Handbook, Idukki (PDF). Thiruvananthapuram: Directorate of Census Operations, Kerala. p. 70,71. Archived (PDF) from the original on 21 June 2022. Retrieved 14 July 2020.
  9. ↑ http://old.kerala.gov.in/kercaljan06/p38-41.pdf Archived 4 October 2013 at the Wayback Machine A Heaven away from Heaven / George Thengummoottil / PRD, Government of Kerala
  10. ↑ "Geography of Peerumade". {{cite web}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Missing or empty |url= (help)
  11. ↑ "History of Peerumedu". {{cite web}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Missing or empty |url= (help)
  12. ↑ "Archaeology of the High Ranges". {{cite web}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Missing or empty |url= (help)
  13. 1 2 George, Thengummootil (10 January 2014). Peermade. Kerala: George Thengummoottil.
  14. ↑ "Historical routes of the Western Ghats". {{cite web}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Missing or empty |url= (help)
  15. ↑ "Periyar Wildlife Sanctuary". {{cite web}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Missing or empty |url= (help)
  16. ↑ "A bitter brew in the high ranges". Archived from the original on 8 December 2003. Retrieved 20 September 2006.
  17. ↑ "Mapping India's spice route from past to present". Archived from the original on 11 March 2007. Retrieved 20 September 2006.
  18. ↑ "Organic Show - Peermede Development Board's stand". Archived from the original on 15 October 2006. Retrieved 20 September 2006.
  19. ↑ http://www.mariancollege.org Archived 29 December 2011 at the Wayback Machine Marian College Kuttikanam Autonomous
  20. ↑ http://www.mbcpeermade.com Archived 7 February 2012 at the Wayback Machine Mar Baselios Christian College of Engineering and Technology website
  21. ↑ "Assembly Constituencies - Corresponding Districts and Parliamentary Constituencies" (PDF). Kerala. Election Commission of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2009. Retrieved 20 October 2008.

Books

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