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Portal:Anarchism

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THE ANARCHISM PORTAL

Anarchism is a political philosophy and movement that seeks to abolish all institutions that perpetuate authority, coercion, or hierarchy, primarily targeting the state, capitalism and organized religion. Anarchism advocates for the replacement of the state with stateless societies and voluntary free associations. Anarchism is described as being part of the libertarian wing of the socialist movement (libertarian socialism).

Although traces of anarchist ideas are found all throughout history, modern anarchism emerged from the Enlightenment. During the latter half of the 19th and the first decades of the 20th century, the anarchist movement flourished in most parts of the world and had a significant role in workers' struggles for emancipation. Various anarchist schools of thought formed during this period. Anarchists have taken part in several revolutions, most notably in the Paris Commune, the Russian Civil War and the Spanish Civil War, whose conclusion marked the end of the classical era of anarchism. In the last decades of the 20th and into the 21st century, the anarchist movement has been resurgent, growing in popularity and influence within anti-capitalist, anti-war and anti-globalisation movements. (Full article...)


Selected article

Theodore Kaczynski (May 22, 1942 - June 10, 2023) was an American anarchist and an important figure in the green anarchist and anarcho-primitivist movements. He was born in Chicago, Illinois, where, as an intellectual child prodigy, he excelled in academics from an early age. Kaczynski received an undergraduate degree from Harvard University and earned a PhD in mathematics from the University of Michigan. He became an assistant professor at the University of California, Berkeley at age twenty-five, but resigned two years later. In 1971, he moved to a remote cabin in Lincoln, Montana, where he sought to live closer to nature.

From 1978 to 1995, Kaczynski sent sixteen bombs to several people he saw as key agents in the development of the industrial society, creating what came to be known as the "Unabomber case". A total of three people died and twenty-three were injured. Kaczynski sent a letter to The New York Times on April 24, 1995 in which he threatened further attacks if his manifesto were not published. In the manifesto, called Industrial Society and Its Future, he argued that mass society is inherently oppressive to man, with its development progressively depriving the individual of his autonomy. He then refers to primitive society, without the dependence on large social institutions, as an ideal of freedom.

Anarchist authors such as John Zerzan and John Moore, have come to Kaczynski's defense, while expressing some concerns over his actions. He has also been criticised by primitivists for having failed to understand the underlying aspects of civilization/domestication, which he might have perceived as non-issues, such as poverty, sexism, racism and homophobia. Even outside the anarchist movement, Kaczynski's writing has been referenced for the importance of its critiques and for its analysis of technology in relation to social organization and freedom. Part of Kaczynski's manifesto was cited by the scientist and author Raymond Kurzweil in his book The Age of Spiritual Machines, and then mentioned in the article "Why the future doesn't need us" by computer scientist Bill Joy. His FBI-granted name, Unabomber ("UNiversity and Airline BOMber") stands now in popular culture both as an example of a lone-wolf mad bomber and a symbol of resistance against a future technological, Orwellian dystopia. (read more...)

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Portrait of Russian author and philosopher, Leo Tolstoy.
Portrait of Russian author and philosopher, Leo Tolstoy.
Credit: Ilya Repin

Portrait of Leo Tolstoy by Ilya Repin, 1887. Tolstoy was a towering figure in Russian literary and philosophical history, and one of the chief influences on Christian and pacifist anarchism.

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Johann Most
Johann Most, The Social Monster, 1890

Anniversaries for July 28

  • 1862 - Emile Maurin (1862-1913) (aka Elie Murmain) lives. French anarchiste militant & photographer.
  • 1869 -: Emile Masson lives (1869-1923), in Brest, France. Breton militant, professor, writer & libertarian socialist propagandist.
  • 1892 - "In the far right-hand corner of the second room, near a dusty, cobwebbed window, sat a woman. Alone in that gathering of hard-faced, half clad men, enveloped in a dense atmosphere of choking smoke, she reclined placidly in a barroom chair, reading..." — excerpt, interview with Emma Goldman, "New York World," July 28, 1892
  • 1894 - The last of the lois scélérates was passed, condemning any individual or publication using anarchist propaganda.
  • 1907 - France: In Raon-l'Etape the forces of "order" open fire on peaceful strikers, killing two workers. Barricades now appear high in the streets & the black flag is raised.
  • 1920 - Argentina & Uruguay: Congress of the Operários Chapeleiros Sul-Americano (South American hat-makers), held this month. Anarcho-syndicalist participation is evident.
  • 1920 - Pasquale Binazzi is arrested in Spezio, Italy, charged with forming an armed gang during social disturbances in the city last month. Binazzi, as a trade union militant & director of the anarchist magazine "Il Libertario", is often the target of exercised authorities. In response to his arrest workers initiate a General Strike.
  • 1958 - Saxe Commins (1892-1958) dies, New York. An anarchist activist, a speaker, & Emma Goldman's nephew (Stella Ballantine's brother); his activities in his early years included collaborating on & editing Emma Goldman's newspaper, Mother Earth. Became a longtime was senior editor at Random House publishers.
  • 2002 - A No Borders camp organized by Autonomes in Strasbourg to protest against anti-immigration policies closes.
  • 2006 - Illustrator Richard Mock dies, Brooklyn, New York. Best known for his linocut illustrations on the Op-Ed page of The New York Times from 1980 through 1996. Mock's art frequently appeared on the covers of the magazines Fifth Estate, Alternative Press Review & Anarchy: A Journal of Desire Armed. His work has been cited as an influence by a number of contemporary American printmakers.

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Thank you for your interest in improving the coverage of anarchism on Wikipedia!

  • If you would like to help maintain the anarchism portal, a list of tasks needing attention is maintained on its talk page.
  • You are also invited to visit the Anarchism Task Force, a work group organizing the collective effort to improve anarchism's coverage on Wikipedia! If you are interested in joining it, please add your details to the list of participants.

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