Nazranians
Наьсархой | |
|---|---|
.jpg) Nazranian Ingush (Назрованскіе Ингушивцы) on Captain Blum's map in 1830 | |
| Total population | |
| 9,489[1] (1858) | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
| Ingushetia | |
| Languages | |
| Ingush | |
| Religion | |
| Sunni Islam |
The Nazranians (Ingush: Наьсархой, romanized: Näsarkhoy) were a historical Ingush ethnoterritorial subethnic group (society) that inhabited modern-day Nazranovsky District and Prigorodny District.[a]
History
[edit]Early history
[edit]The Nazranian society emerged in the second half of the 18th century[5] from mountain Ingush that settled in the lowlands between the Assa and Fortanga rivers.[6]
Caucasian War
[edit]After the signing of the Act of Oath of six Ingush clans to Russia by some of the most powerful clans in 1810, the Nazranians were considered by the Russian administration to have been conquered and to be under its rule. However, this did not stop the Nazranians from sometimes participating on the side of the Caucasian Imamate and rebelling. There are various reports of the Nazranians being on the side of the Imamate.[note 1] For example, the Nazranians participated in the general uprising in Chechnya in March 1840[9] and in the uprising of the Sunzha and Nadterechny Chechens, Galgaï and Karabulaks in July 1840.[note 2] In 1858, the Nazranians staged a major rebellion, known as the Nazran uprising. During the rebellion, the Nazranians sent a letter to Imam Shamil in which they asked him for help, but Shamil failed twice to break through the Russian forces and was forced to retreat with heavy losses. The rebellion was later suppressed, and its leaders were either executed or exiled.[10]
Chronology of major events:
[edit]- March 1840 – The Nazranians, together with the Karabulaks, Galashians, and Chechens, participated in the general uprising in Chechnya.[9]
- July 1840 – The Nazranians participated in the uprising of the Sunzha and Nadterechny Chechens, Galgaï, and Karabulaks, led by naib Akhverdy-Magoma.[note 2]
- June–July 1858 – Nazran uprising: The Nazranians rebelled against Russia because of the new harsh policies of the tsarist authorities.[10]
- 1865 – After the end of the Caucasian War, some Nazranians were deported to Turkey.[11]
Part of the Russian Empire
[edit]After the end of the Caucasian War, the Nazranians became part of the Ingushskiy Okrug. In 1865, some Nazranians were deported to Turkey. Later, the Nazranians became part of the Vladikavkazsky Okrug, Sunzhensky Otdel and the Nazranovskiy Okrug.
See also
[edit]Notes
[edit]- ↑ In 1840, the bailiff of the Ingush and Karabulak peoples, Yesaul Gaytov, reported to the command that "the Nazranians have the intention, upon the opening of spring, to surrender to the side of the rebel Shamil."[7] In March of 1841, the representatives of the Nazranians constantly met up with Shamil, calling on the imam with an army for liberation of Ingush Muslims from the domination of giaurs. The desire of the Nazranians to go over to the side of Imamate was also confirmed by Karabulak and Galashian murids.[8]
- 1 2 Донесение графу А. И. Чернышёву от 3 октября 1840 года (РГВИА. Ф. 846, Оп. 16, д. 6672 л. 24-26.):
"В настоящем положении дел на левом фланге Линии Малая Чечня в особенности обращает на себя внимание, ибо там, кроме коренных ее жителей, гнездятся теперь все беглые карабулаки, назрановцы, галгаевцы, сунженские и надтеречные чеченцы и по призыву предводителя их Ахверды-Магома, сподвижника Шамиля, собрать могут значительные силы, хорошо вооружённые, вблизи Военно-Грузинской дороги."
— генерал Е. А. Головин[7][10]
References
[edit]- ↑ Берже 1858, p. 6.
- ↑ Бларамберг 2010, pp. 310, 312, 329; "Обзор политического состояния Кавказа 1840 года" [Overview of the political state of the Caucasus in 1840]. www.vostlit.info (in Russian).; Военно-статистическое обозрѣніе Россійской имперіи 1851, p. 137; Kolenati 1858, p. 242; Мартиросиан 1928, pp. 11–12; Крупнов 1939, p. 83; Робакидзе 1968, p. 27; Крупнов 1971, pp. 36–38; Волконскій 1886, p. 54; Вертепов 1892, p. 75; Пантюхов 1901, p. 2; Утверждение русскаго владычества на Кавказѣ 1904, pp. 243–244; Ковалевскій 1914, p. 150; Милютин 1919, p. 277
- ↑ Мартиросиан 1928, p. 11; Академия Наук СССР (1936). "Советская Этнография" [Soviet Ethnography]. Советская Этнография (in Russian) (1). Ленинград: Издательство Академии Наук СССР: 8.; Большая советская энциклопедия 1937, p. 65; Большая советская энциклопедия 1939, p. 52; Крупнов 1971, p. 36; Волкова 1973, p. 151
- ↑ Anchabadze 2001, p. 29; Кузнецов 2004, p. 41
- ↑ Советская историческая энциклопедия 1964, col. 831.
- ↑ Вертепов 1892, p. 81.
- 1 2 Хожаев 1998, p. 73.
- ↑ Хожаев 1998, p. 141.
- 1 2 Зиссерман 1881, p. 163.
- 1 2 3 Кодзоев 2002.
- ↑ Большая советская энциклопедия 1939, p. 52.
Bibliography
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- Бларамберг, И. Ф. (2010). Историческое, топографическое, статистическое, этнографическое и военное описание Кавказа [Historical, topographical, statistical, ethnographic and military description of the Caucasus] (field research) (in Russian). Translated by Назарова, И. М. Moscow: Издательство Надыршин. pp. 1–402. ISBN 978-5-902744-10-8.
- "Кавказскій край" [Caucasian territory]. Военно-статистическое обозрѣніе Россійской имперіи: издаваемое по высочайшему повеленію при 1-м отделеніи Департамента Генеральнаго штаба [Military Statistical Review of the Russian Empire: published by the highest command at the 1st branch of the Department of the General Staff] (in Russian). Vol. 16: Part 1. St Petersburg: Типографія Департамента Генеральнаго штаба. 1851. pp. 1–274.
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- Мартиросиан, Г. К. (1928). Нагорная Ингушия [Upland Ingushiya] (in Russian). Владикавказ: Государственная типография Автономной Области Ингушии. pp. 1–153.
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- Ковалевскій, П. И. (1914). Народы Кавказа [Peoples of the Caucasus]. Кавказъ (in Russian). Vol. 1. St Petersburg: Типографія М. И. Акинфіева. pp. 1–346.
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{{cite book}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help) - Шмидт, О. Ю., ed. (1937). "Ингушская автономная область" [Ingush Autonomous Oblast]. Империалистическая война — Интерполяция [Imperialist War - Interpolation]. Большая советская энциклопедия (in Russian). Vol. 28 (1st ed.). Москва: Советская энциклопедия. p. 65.
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- Хожаев, Д. А. (1998). Мазаева, Т. (ed.). Чеченцы в Русско-Кавказской войне [Chechens in the Russian-Caucasian War] (in Russian). Грозный-Санкт-Петербург: Седа. pp. 1–250. ISBN 5-85973-012-8. Archived from the original on 2014-12-22.