Monocercomonoides exilis
| Monocercomonoides exilis | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Clade: | Metamonada |
| Phylum: | Preaxostyla |
| Order: | Oxymonadida |
| Family: | Polymastigidae |
| Genus: | Monocercomonoides |
| Species: | M. exilis |
| Binomial name | |
| Monocercomonoides exilis Nie, 1950 | |
Monocercomonoides exilis is a species of single celled eukaryote belonging to the oxymonads, a group of flagellated protists that live in the gastrointestinal tracts of animals. It is a bacterivorous organism found in the intestinal tract of rodents, including guinea pigs and chinchillas.[1][2] It was the first eukaryotic organism found that lacks mitochondria or mitochondrial related organelles.[3]
History
[edit]Monocercomonoides exilis was first described from the digestive tract of guinea pigs in 1950.[4] Early studies on Monocercomonoides species were based largely on light microscopy and suspected host species, so speciation was often unclear.[5] In 1993, a strain of Monocercomonoides, designated Monocercomonoides strain PA203, was isolated from a chinchilla.[6]
Absence of mitochondria
[edit]Mitochondria are organelles found in nearly all eukaryotes. Some anaerobic eukaryotes have reduced mitochondria related organelles, such as hydrogenosomes or mitosomes, which retain some mitochondrial functions. M. exilis is unusual in that it lacks any form of mitochondrial related organelle.[7]
References
[edit]- ↑ Treitli, Sebastian Cristian; Peña-Diaz, Priscila; Hałakuc, Paweł; Karnkowska, Anna; Hampl, Vladimír (2021). "High quality genome assembly of the amitochondriate eukaryote Monocercomonoides exilis". Microbial Genomics. 7 (12): 000745. doi:10.1099/mgen.0.000745. ISSN 2057-5858. PMC 8767320. PMID 34951395.
- ↑ Karnkowska, Anna; Treitli, Sebastian C.; Brzoň, Ondřej; Novák, Lukáš; Vacek, Vojtěch; Soukal, Petr; Barlow, Lael D.; Herman, Emily K.; Pipaliya, Shweta V.; Pánek, Tomáš; Žihala, David; Petrželková, Romana; Butenko, Anzhelika; Eme, Laura; Stairs, Courtney W. (2019-10-01). "The Oxymonad Genome Displays Canonical Eukaryotic Complexity in the Absence of a Mitochondrion". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 36 (10): 2292–2312. doi:10.1093/molbev/msz147. ISSN 1537-1719. PMC 6759080. PMID 31387118.
- ↑ Leslie, Mitch (2016-05-12). "First eukaryotes found without a normal cellular power supply". Science. doi:10.1126/science.aaf5717. ISSN 0036-8075.
- ↑ Nie, D. (1950). "Morphology and taxonomy of the intestinal protozoa of the guinea-pig, Cavia porcella". Journal of Morphology. 86 (3): 381–494. doi:10.1002/jmor.1050860302. ISSN 0362-2525. PMID 24537609.
- ↑ Treitli, Sebastian C.; Kotyk, Michael; Yubuki, Naoji; Jirounková, Eliška; Vlasáková, Jitka; Smejkalová, Pavla; Šípek, Petr; Čepička, Ivan; Hampl, Vladimír (2018). "Molecular and Morphological Diversity of the Oxymonad Genera Monocercomonoides and Blattamonas gen. nov". Protist. 169 (5): 744–783. doi:10.1016/j.protis.2018.06.005. ISSN 1618-0941. PMID 30138782.
- ↑ Hampl, Vladimír; Horner, David S.; Dyal, Patricia; Kulda, Jaroslav; Flegr, Jaroslav; Foster, Peter G.; Embley, T. Martin (2005-12-01). "Inference of the Phylogenetic Position of Oxymonads Based on Nine Genes: Support for Metamonada and Excavata". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 22 (12): 2508–2518. doi:10.1093/molbev/msi245. ISSN 0737-4038.
- ↑ Karnkowska, Anna; Vacek, Vojtěch; Zubáčová, Zuzana; Treitli, Sebastian C.; Petrželková, Romana; Eme, Laura; Novák, Lukáš; Žárský, Vojtěch; Barlow, Lael D.; Herman, Emily K.; Soukal, Petr; Hroudová, Miluše; Doležal, Pavel; Stairs, Courtney W.; Roger, Andrew J. (2016-05-23). "A Eukaryote without a Mitochondrial Organelle". Current biology: CB. 26 (10): 1274–1284. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2016.03.053. ISSN 1879-0445. PMID 27185558.
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