Module:Current leader/data

Module documentationviewedithistorypurge

Usage

Provides data on incumbent heads of state and heads of government of sovereign states for Module:Current leader.

Updating

When updating this module please provide the name exactly as it appears in the title of the article for the relevant person to ensure links can be piped correctly. Avoid differences in capitalisation, romanisation, diacritics or hyphens.

Entries for names generally follow the format:

• ['political title'] = {'article title', last = '', first = ''},

Further guidance is provided by the module in annotating comments.

Naming conventions

Use first = for given names and middle names. Use last = for family names or for the matronymics and patronymics of names originating in cultures that do not generally use family names.

Be mindful of differences in naming conventions across cultures. Where appropriate, append last_first = true in cases where names follow Eastern name order (family name first). Where people are known only by given names with no family names or patronymics, as is common in some cultures (eg. Bhutan), last = can be omitted and repeating their given names in first = is generally unnecessary.

Short names

If a person's name is not formally shortened to their last name, append short = 'name_here' including the relevant short form of their name. This may be because their name is shortened to their the first name according to cultural convention, or because they have multiple first/middle or last names, some of which are usually omitted when formally shortening their name.

Omitted or additional names

If a person has no last names, do not arbitrarily or forcibly partition their first names between first = and last =, instead omit these fields as they're not needed. Including first = and last = is generally not needed if a person is known mononymically (eg. royalty).

If a person has last names but only first names appear in the article title, a last name may still be included in last = for use with {{Current leader}}'s |format=invert and should match the spelling used in the article text. If a person has other additional names mentioned in the article text but not in its title (middle names, etc.) these should generally be excluded to avoid unnecessarily lengthening the name displayed for |format=invert.

If a person has a name which is abbreviated to an initial in the article title, as in 'George W. Bush', do not unabbreviate the name.

See also

• List of elections in 2026

The above documentation is transcluded from Module:Current leader/data/doc. (edit | history)
Editors can experiment in this module's sandbox (edit | diff) and testcases (create) pages.
Subpages of this module.

---
-- DATA FOR USE BY [[Module:Current leader]]
-- All leader names are listed beginning with the name exactly as it appears in the title of the Wikipedia article including disambiguators.
-- To update find the relevant country in the list under the heading <country_data_t> and replace the outdated names.
-- For further guidance on how to update, please read the documentation at [[Module:Current leader/data]] and the annotations below.
---

--[[--------------------------< M U L T I _ T >----------------------------------------------------------------

Data for shared political leaders.
These heads of state are shared by multiple sovereign states.
Updating here will update for all sovereign states.

The leader-name data uses the same format as specified under <country_data_t>.

]]

local multi_t = {
	commonwealth = {'Charles III'},												-- Monarch shared by Commonwealth realms.
	french = {'Emmanuel Macron', last = 'Macron', first = 'Emmanuel'},			-- President of France is also Co-Prince of Andorra.
	nz = {'Cindy Kiro', last='Kiro', first='Cindy'},							-- Governor-General of New Zealand is also Governor-General of Niue.
	}

--[[--------------------------< C O U N T R Y _ D A T A _ T >--------------------------------------------------

Data for each sovereign state, listed in alphabetical order.

Data lists 'head of state' first, then 'head of government' with specific titles following the general titles
"head of state" and "head of government" in alphabetical order.

Keys in this table must exactly match the keys in the country-name synonyms table <country_synonyms_list_t>. Keys
must be all lowercase; whitespace in keys is not allowed, write 'antigua_and_barbuda' not 'antigua and barbuda'.

Rules for data formats:
	complex format: each leader name is a lua table that has the following elements:
		the leader's article name with disambiguation
		last= – the leader's last name or names: 'Xi' for 'Xi Jinping'; 'Connolly' for 'Catherine Connolly'; 
				'Serrano Pentinat' for 'Josep-Lluís Serrano Pentinat'; omit for monomyms
		first= – the leader's first name or names: 'Jinping', 'Catherine', 'Josep-Lluís'; omit for mononyms
		short= – used with template parameter |format=short; defaults to last; may be set to 'first' when use of 
				a ptronymic/matronymic name should to be the short name; the short version of the leader's name
				when not the surname: 'Serrano' for 'Josep-Lluís Serrano Pentinat'; omit for monomyms
		last_first – used with template parameter |format=invert; set to boolean true to ensure that 'inverted'
				Asian and similar names are not rendered with a comma separator; 'Xi Jinping' not 'Xi, Jinping'
		examples:
				{'Catherine Connolly', last = 'Connolly', first = 'Catherine'} – the most common form
				{'Xi Jinping', last = 'Xi', first = 'Jinping', last_first = true}
				{'Josep-Lluís Serrano Pentinat', last = 'Serrano Pentinat', first = 'Josep-Lluís', short = 'Serrano'}
				{'Kristrún Frostadóttir', last = 'Frostadóttir', first = 'Kristrún', short = 'first'}

	simple format: names are supported but are deprecated except for mononymic names (monarchs); inversion and shortening
		not supported; each office gets a single name:
			['president'] = 'Catherine Connolly',

	list formats: both simple (deprecated) and complex, are supported as lua sequences; examples:
		['head of state'] = {
			{'Josep-Lluís Serrano Pentinat', last = 'Serrano Pentinat', first = 'Josep-Lluís', short = 'Serrano'},
			multi_t.french
			},

		['co-princes'] = {'Josep-Lluís Serrano Pentinat', multi_t.french},

]]

local country_data_t = {
	-- A --
	abkhazia = {
		['head of state'] = {'Badra Gunba', last = 'Gunba', first = 'Badra'},
		['president'] = {'Badra Gunba', last = 'Gunba', first = 'Badra'},
		['head of government'] = {'Badra Gunba', last = 'Gunba', first = 'Badra'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Vladimir Delba', last = 'Delba', first = 'Vladimir'},
		},
	afghanistan = {
		['head of state'] = {'Hibatullah Akhundzada', last = 'Akhundzada', first = 'Hibatullah'},
		['supreme leader'] = {'Hibatullah Akhundzada', last = 'Akhundzada', first = 'Hibatullah'},
		['head of government'] = {'Hasan Akhund', last = 'Akhund', first = 'Hasan'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Hasan Akhund', last = 'Akhund', first = 'Hasan'},
		},
	albania = {
		['head of state'] = {'Bajram Begaj', last = 'Begaj', first = 'Bajram'},
		['president'] = {'Bajram Begaj', last = 'Begaj', first = 'Bajram'},
		['head of government'] = {'Edi Rama', last = 'Rama', first ='Edi'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Edi Rama', last = 'Rama', first ='Edi'},
		},
	algeria = {
		['head of state'] = {'Abdelmadjid Tebboune', last = 'Tebboune', first = 'Abdelmadjid'},
		['president'] = {'Abdelmadjid Tebboune', last = 'Tebboune', first = 'Abdelmadjid'},
		['head of government'] = {'Sifi Ghrieb', last = 'Ghrieb', first = 'Sifi'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Sifi Ghrieb', last = 'Ghrieb', first = 'Sifi'},
		},
	andorra = {
		['head of state'] = {
			{'Josep-Lluís Serrano Pentinat', last = 'Serrano Pentinat', first = 'Josep-Lluís', short = 'Serrano'},
			multi_t.french
			},
		['heads of state'] = {
			{'Josep-Lluís Serrano Pentinat', last = 'Serrano Pentinat', first = 'Josep-Lluís', short = 'Serrano'},
			multi_t.french
			},
		['co-prince'] = {
			{'Josep-Lluís Serrano Pentinat', last = 'Serrano Pentinat', first = 'Josep-Lluís', short = 'Serrano'},
			multi_t.french
			},
		['co-princes'] = {
			{'Josep-Lluís Serrano Pentinat', last = 'Serrano Pentinat', first = 'Josep-Lluís', short = 'Serrano'},
			multi_t.french
			},
		['episcopal co-prince'] = {'Josep-Lluís Serrano Pentinat', last = 'Serrano Pentinat', first = 'Josep-Lluís'},
		['episcopal prince'] = {'Josep-Lluís Serrano Pentinat', last = 'Serrano Pentinat', first = 'Josep-Lluís'},
		['french co-prince'] = multi_t.french,
		['french prince'] = multi_t.french,
		['monarch'] = {
			{'Josep-Lluís Serrano Pentinat', last = 'Serrano Pentinat', first = 'Josep-Lluís', short = 'Serrano'},
			multi_t.french
			},
		['monarchs'] = {
			{'Josep-Lluís Serrano Pentinat', last = 'Serrano Pentinat', first = 'Josep-Lluís', short = 'Serrano'},
			multi_t.french
			},
		['prince'] = {
			{'Josep-Lluís Serrano Pentinat', last = 'Serrano Pentinat', first = 'Josep-Lluís', short = 'Serrano'},
			multi_t.french
			},
		['princes'] = {
			{'Josep-Lluís Serrano Pentinat', last = 'Serrano Pentinat', first = 'Josep-Lluís', short = 'Serrano'},
			multi_t.french
			},
		['head of government'] = {'Xavier Espot Zamora', last = 'Espot Zamora', first = 'Xavier', short = 'Espot'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Xavier Espot Zamora', last = 'Espot Zamora', first = 'Xavier', short = 'Espot'},
		['representative of the co-prince'] = {
			{'Eduard Ibáñez', last = 'Ibáñez', first = 'Eduard'},
			{'Georges-François Leclerc', last = 'Leclerc', first = 'Georges-François'},
			},
		['representative of the co-princes'] = {
			{'Eduard Ibáñez', last = 'Ibáñez', first = 'Eduard'},
			{'Georges-François Leclerc', last = 'Leclerc', first = 'Georges-François'},
			},
		['representative of the prince'] = {
			{'Eduard Ibáñez', last = 'Ibáñez', first = 'Eduard'},
			{'Georges-François Leclerc', last = 'Leclerc', first = 'Georges-François'},
			},
		['representative of the princes'] = {
			{'Eduard Ibáñez', last = 'Ibáñez', first = 'Eduard'},
			{'Georges-François Leclerc', last = 'Leclerc', first = 'Georges-François'},
			},
		['representative of the monarch'] = {
			{'Eduard Ibáñez', last = 'Ibáñez', first = 'Eduard'},
			{'Georges-François Leclerc', last = 'Leclerc', first = 'Georges-François'},
			},
		['representative of the monarchs'] = {
			{'Eduard Ibáñez', last = 'Ibáñez', first = 'Eduard'},
			{'Georges-François Leclerc', last = 'Leclerc', first = 'Georges-François'},
			},
		['representative of the episcopal co-prince'] = {'Eduard Ibáñez', last = 'Ibáñez', first = 'Eduard'},
		['representative of the episcopal prince'] = {'Eduard Ibáñez', last = 'Ibáñez', first = 'Eduard'},
		['representative of the french co-prince'] = {'Georges-François Leclerc', last = 'Leclerc', first = 'Georges-François'},
		['representative of the french prince'] = {'Georges-François Leclerc', last = 'Leclerc', first = 'Georges-François'},
		},
	angola = {
		['head of state'] = {'João Lourenço', last = 'Lourenço', first = 'João'},
		['president'] = {'João Lourenço', last = 'Lourenço', first = 'João'},
		['head of government'] = {'João Lourenço', last = 'Lourenço', first = 'João'},
		},
	antigua_and_barbuda = {
		['head of state'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['king'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['monarch'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['queen'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['head of government'] = {'Gaston Browne', last = 'Browne', first = 'Gaston'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Gaston Browne', last = 'Browne', first = 'Gaston'},
		['governor-general'] = {'Rodney Williams', last = 'Williams', first = 'Rodney'},
		['governor general'] = {'Rodney Williams', last = 'Williams', first = 'Rodney'},
		},
	argentina = {
		['head of state'] = {'Javier Milei', last = 'Milei', first = 'Javier'},
		['president'] = {'Javier Milei', last = 'Milei', first = 'Javier'},
		['head of government'] = {'Javier Milei', last = 'Milei', first = 'Javier'},
		['chief of the cabinet of ministers'] = {'Manuel Adorni', last = 'Adorni', first = 'Manuel'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Manuel Adorni', last = 'Adorni', first = 'Manuel'},
		},
	armenia = {
		['head of state'] = {'Vahagn Khachaturyan', last = 'Khachaturyan', first = 'Vahagn'},
		['president'] = {'Vahagn Khachaturyan', last = 'Khachaturyan', first = 'Vahagn'},
		['head of government'] = {'Ali Asadov', last = 'Asadov', first = 'Ali'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Ali Asadov', last = 'Asadov', first = 'Ali'},
		},
	australia = {
		['head of state'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['king'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['monarch'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['queen'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['head of government'] = {'Anthony Albanese', last = 'Albanese', first = 'Anthony'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Anthony Albanese', last = 'Albanese', first = 'Anthony'},
		['governor-general'] = {'Sam Mostyn', last = 'Mostyn', first = 'Sam'},
		['governor general'] = {'Sam Mostyn', last = 'Mostyn', first = 'Sam'},
		},
	austria = {
		['head of state'] = {'Alexander Van der Bellen', last = 'Van der Bellen', first = 'Alexander'},
		['president'] = {'Alexander Van der Bellen', last = 'Van der Bellen', first = 'Alexander'},
		['head of government'] = {'Christian Stocker', last = 'Stocker', first = 'Christian'},
		['chancellor'] = {'Christian Stocker', last = 'Stocker', first = 'Christian'},
		},
	azerbaijan = {
		['head of state'] = {'Ilham Aliyev', last = 'Aliyev', first = 'Ilham'},
		['president'] = {'Ilham Aliyev', last = 'Aliyev', first = 'Ilham'},
		['head of government'] = {'Ali Asadov', last = 'Asadov', first = 'Ali'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Ali Asadov', last = 'Asadov', first = 'Ali'},
		},

	-- B --
	bahamas = {
		['head of state'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['king'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['monarch'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['queen'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['head of government'] = {'Philip Davis (Bahamian politician)', last = 'Davis', first = 'Philip'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Philip Davis (Bahamian politician)', last = 'Davis', first = 'Philip'},
		['governor-general'] = {'Cynthia A. Pratt', last = 'Pratt', first = 'Cynthia A.'},
		['governor general'] = {'Cynthia A. Pratt', last = 'Pratt', first = 'Cynthia A.'},
		},
	bahrain = {
		['head of state'] = {'Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa', last = 'Al Khalifa', first = 'Salman bin Hamad', short = 'Salman'},
		['king'] = {'Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa', last = 'Al Khalifa', first = 'Salman bin Hamad'},
		['head of government'] = {'Salman bin Hamad Al Khalifa', last = 'Al Khalifa', first = 'Salman bin Hamad', short = 'Salman'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Salman bin Hamad Al Khalifa', last = 'Al Khalifa', first = 'Salman bin Hamad', short = 'Salman'},
		},
	bangladesh = {
		['head of state'] = {'Hafiz Uddin Ahmad', last = 'Ahmad', first = 'Hafiz Uddin'},
		['president'] = {'Hafiz Uddin Ahmad', last = 'Ahmad', first = 'Hafiz Uddin'},
		['head of government'] = {'Tarique Rahman', last = 'Rahman', first = 'Tarique'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Tarique Rahman', last = 'Rahman', first = 'Tarique'},
		},
	barbados = {
		['head of state'] = {'Jeffrey Bostic', last = 'Bostic', first = 'Jeffrey'},
		['president'] = {'Jeffrey Bostic', last = 'Bostic', first = 'Jeffrey'},
		['head of government'] = {'Mia Mottley', last = 'Mottley', first = 'Mia'},
		['prime miniter'] = {'Mia Mottley', last = 'Mottley', first = 'Mia'},
		},
	belarus = {
		['head of state'] = {'Alexander Lukashenko', last = 'Lukashenko', first = 'Alexander'},
		['president'] = {'Alexander Lukashenko', last = 'Lukashenko', first = 'Alexander'},
		['head of government'] = {'Aleksandr Turchin', last = 'Turchin', first = 'Aleksandr'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Aleksandr Turchin', last = 'Turchin', first = 'Aleksandr'},
		['chairman of the all-belarusian people\'s assembly'] =  {'Alexander Lukashenko', last = 'Lukashenko', first = 'Alexander'},
		['chairman'] =  {'Alexander Lukashenko', last = 'Lukashenko', first = 'Alexander'},
		},
	belgium = {
		['head of state'] = {'Philippe of Belgium'}, -- Philippe
		['monarch'] = {'Philippe of Belgium'},
		['king'] = {'Philippe of Belgium'},
		['head of government'] = {'Bart De Wever', last = 'De Wever', first = 'Bart'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Bart De Wever', last = 'De Wever', first = 'Bart'},
		},
	belize = {
		['head of state'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['king'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['monarch'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['queen'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['head of government'] = {'Johnny Briceño', last = 'Briceño', first = 'Johnny'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Johnny Briceño', last = 'Briceño', first = 'Johnny'},
		['governor-general'] = {'Froyla Tzalam', last = 'Tzalam', first = 'Froyla'},
		['governor general'] = {'Froyla Tzalam', last = 'Tzalam', first = 'Froyla'},
		},
	benin = {
		['head of state'] = {'Romuald Wadagni', last = 'Wadagni', first = 'Romuald'},
		['president'] = {'Romuald Wadagni', last = 'Wadagni', first = 'Romuald'},
		['head of government'] = {'Romuald Wadagni', last = 'Wadagni', first = 'Romuald'},
		},
	bhutan = {
		['head of state'] = {'Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck', last = 'Wangchuck', first = 'Jigme Khesar Namgyel', short = 'Khesar'},
		['dragon king'] = {'Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck', last = 'Wangchuck', first = 'Jigme Khesar Namgyel', short = 'Khesar'},
		['druk gyalpo'] = {'Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck', last = 'Wangchuck', first = 'Jigme Khesar Namgyel', short = 'Khesar'},
		['king'] = {'Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck', last = 'Wangchuck', first = 'Jigme Khesar Namgyel', short = 'Khesar'},
		['monarch'] = {'Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck', last = 'Wangchuck', first = 'Jigme Khesar Namgyel', short = 'Khesar'},
		['head of government'] = {'Tshering Tobgay', short = 'Tobgay'}, -- Two given names per Bhutanese naming conventions for non-royals
		['lyonchen'] = {'Tshering Tobgay', short = 'Tobgay'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Tshering Tobgay', short = 'Tobgay'},
		},
	bolivia = {
		['head of state'] = {'Rodrigo Paz', last = 'Paz', first = 'Rodrigo'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Rodrigo Paz', last = 'Paz', first = 'Rodrigo'},
		['head of government'] = {'Rodrigo Paz', last = 'Paz', first = 'Rodrigo'},
		},
	bosnia_and_herzegovina = {
		['head of state'] = {
			{'Denis Bećirović', last = 'Bećirović', first = 'Denis'},
			{'Željka Cvijanović', last = 'Cvijanović', first = 'Željka'},
			{'Željko Komšić', last = 'Komšić', first = 'Željko'},
			},
		['heads of state'] = {
			{'Denis Bećirović', last = 'Bećirović', first = 'Denis'},
			{'Željka Cvijanović', last = 'Cvijanović', first = 'Željka'},
			{'Željko Komšić', last = 'Komšić', first = 'Željko'},
			},
		['presidency'] = {
			{'Denis Bećirović', last = 'Bećirović', first = 'Denis'},
			{'Željka Cvijanović', last = 'Cvijanović', first = 'Željka'},
			{'Željko Komšić', last = 'Komšić', first = 'Željko'},
			},
		['head of government'] = {'Borjana Krišto', last = 'Borjana', first = 'Krišto'},
		['chairman of the council of ministers'] = {'Borjana Krišto', last = 'Borjana', first = 'Krišto'},
		['chairwoman of the council of ministers'] = {'Borjana Krišto', last = 'Borjana', first = 'Krišto'},
		['chairman'] = {'Borjana Krišto', last = 'Borjana', first = 'Krišto'},
		['chairwoman'] = {'Borjana Krišto', last = 'Borjana', first = 'Krišto'},
		['high representative'] = {'Louis Crishock', last = 'Crishock', first = 'Louis'},
		},
	botswana = {
		['head of state'] = {'Duma Boko', last = 'Boko', first = 'Duma'},
		['president'] = {'Duma Boko', last = 'Boko', first = 'Duma'},
		['head of government'] = {'Duma Boko', last = 'Boko', first = 'Duma'},
		},
	brazil = {
		['head of state'] = {'Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva', last = 'Lula da Silva', first = 'Luiz Inácio', short = 'Lula'},
		['president'] = {'Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva', last = 'Lula da Silva', first = 'Luiz Inácio', short = 'Lula'},
		['head of government'] = {'Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva', last = 'Lula da Silva', first = 'Luiz Inácio', short = 'Lula'},
		},
	brunei = {
		['head of state'] = {'Hassanal Bolkiah', last = 'Bolkiah', first = 'Hassanal'},
		['monarch'] = {'Hassanal Bolkiah', last = 'Bolkiah', first = 'Hassanal'},
		['sultan'] = {'Hassanal Bolkiah', last = 'Bolkiah', first = 'Hassanal'},
		['head of government'] = {'Hassanal Bolkiah', last = 'Bolkiah', first = 'Hassanal'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Hassanal Bolkiah', last = 'Bolkiah', first = 'Hassanal'},
		},
	bulgaria = {
		['head of state'] = {'Iliana Iotova', last = 'Iotova', first = 'Iliana'},
		['president'] = {'Iliana Iotova', last = 'Iotova', first = 'Iliana'},
		['head of government'] = {'Rumen Radev', last = 'Radev', first = 'Rumen'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Rumen Radev', last = 'Radev', first = 'Rumen'},
		},
	burkina_faso = {
		['head of state'] = {'Ibrahim Traoré', last = 'Traoré', first = 'Ibrahim'},
		['president'] = {'Ibrahim Traoré', last = 'Traoré', first = 'Ibrahim'},
		['head of government'] = {'Jean Emmanuel Ouédraogo', last = 'Ouédraogo', first = 'Jean Emmanuel'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Jean Emmanuel Ouédraogo', last = 'Ouédraogo', first = 'Jean Emmanuel'},
		},
	burundi = {
		['head of state'] = {'Évariste Ndayishimiye', last = 'Ndayishimiye', first = 'Évariste'},
		['president'] = {'Évariste Ndayishimiye', last = 'Ndayishimiye', first = 'Évariste'},
		['head of government'] = {'Nestor Ntahontuye', last = 'Ntahontuye', first = 'Nestor'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Nestor Ntahontuye', last = 'Ntahontuye', first = 'Nestor'},
		},

	-- C --
	cambodia = {
		['head of state'] = {'Norodom Sihamoni', last = 'Sihamoni', first = 'Norodom'},
		['king'] = {'Norodom Sihamoni', last = 'Sihamoni', first = 'Norodom'},
		['monarch'] = {'Norodom Sihamoni', last = 'Sihamoni', first = 'Norodom'},
		['head of government'] = {'Hun Manet', last = 'Manet', first = 'Hun'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Hun Manet', last = 'Manet', first = 'Hun'},
		},
	cameroon = {
		['head of state'] = {'Paul Biya', last = 'Biya', first = 'Paul'},
		['president'] = {'Paul Biya', last = 'Biya', first = 'Paul'},
		['head of government'] = {'Joseph Ngute', last = 'Ngute', first = 'Joseph'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Joseph Ngute', last = 'Ngute', first = 'Joseph'},
		},
	canada = {
		['head of state'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['king'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['monarch'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['queen'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['head of government'] = {'Mark Carney', last = 'Carney', first = 'Mark'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Mark Carney', last = 'Carney', first = 'Mark'},
		['governor general'] = {'Louise Arbour', last = 'Arbour', first = 'Louise'},
		['governor-general'] = {'Louise Arbour', last = 'Arbour', first = 'Louise'},
		},
	cape_verde = {
		['head of state'] = {'José Maria Neves', last = 'Neves', first = 'José Maria'},
		['president'] = {'José Maria Neves', last = 'Neves', first = 'José Maria'},
		['head of government'] = {'Francisco Carvalho', last = 'Carvalho', first = 'Francisco'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Francisco Carvalho', last = 'Carvalho', first = 'Francisco'},
		},
	central_african_republic = {
		['head of state'] = {'Faustin-Archange Touadéra', last = 'Touadéra', first = 'Faustin-Archange'},
		['president'] = {'Faustin-Archange Touadéra', last = 'Touadéra', first = 'Faustin-Archange'},
		['head of government'] = {'Félix Moloua', last = 'Moloua', first = 'Félix'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Félix Moloua', last = 'Moloua', first = 'Félix'},
		},
	chad = {
		['head of state'] = {'Mahamat Déby', last = 'Déby', first = 'Mahamat'},
		['president'] = {'Mahamat Déby', last = 'Déby', first = 'Mahamat'},
		['head of government'] = {'Allamaye Halina', last = 'Halina', first = 'Allamaye'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Allamaye Halina', last = 'Halina', first = 'Allamaye'},
		},
	chile = {
		['head of state'] = {'José Antonio Kast', last = 'Kast', first = 'José Antonio', short = 'Kast'}, -- Article title includes both first names but lacks the maternal last name, 'Rist'
		['president'] = {'José Antonio Kast', last = 'Kast', first = 'José Antonio', short = 'Kast'},
		['head of government'] = {'José Antonio Kast', last = 'Kast', first = 'José Antonio', short = 'Kast'},
		},
	china = {
		['head of state'] = {'Xi Jinping', last = 'Xi', first = 'Jinping', last_first = true},
		['president'] = {'Xi Jinping', last = 'Xi', first = 'Jinping', last_first = true},
		['head of government'] = {'Li Qiang', last = 'Li', first = 'Qiang', last_first = true},
		['premier'] = {'Li Qiang', last = 'Li', first = 'Qiang', last_first = true},
		['general secretary'] = {'Xi Jinping', last = 'Xi', first = 'Jinping', last_first = true},
		},
	colombia = {
		['head of state'] = {'Gustavo Petro', last = 'Petro', first = 'Gustavo'},
		['president'] = {'Gustavo Petro', last = 'Petro', first = 'Gustavo'},
		['head of government'] = {'Gustavo Petro', last = 'Petro', first = 'Gustavo'},
		},
	comoros = {
		['head of state'] = {'Azali Assoumani', last = 'Assoumani', first = 'Azali'},
		['president'] = {'Azali Assoumani', last = 'Assoumani', first = 'Azali'},
		['head of government'] = {'Azali Assoumani', last = 'Assoumani', first = 'Azali'},
		},
	democratic_republic_of_the_congo = {
		['head of state'] = {'Félix Tshisekedi', last = 'Tshisekedi', first = 'Félix'},
		['president'] = {'Félix Tshisekedi', last = 'Tshisekedi', first = 'Félix'},
		['head of government'] = {'Judith Suminwa', last = 'Suminwa', first = 'Judith'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Judith Suminwa', last = 'Suminwa', first = 'Judith'},
		},
	republic_of_the_congo = {
		['head of state'] = {'Denis Sassou Nguesso', last = 'Nguesso', first = 'Denis Sassou'},
		['president'] = {'Denis Sassou Nguesso', last = 'Nguesso', first = 'Denis Sassou'},
		['head of government'] = {'Anatole Collinet Makosso', last = 'Makosso', first = 'Anatole Collinet'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Anatole Collinet Makosso', last = 'Makosso', first = 'Anatole Collinet'},
		},
	cook_islands = {
		['head of state'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['king'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['monarch'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['queen'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['head of government'] = {'Mark Brown', last = 'Brown', first = 'Mark'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Mark Brown', last = 'Brown', first = 'Mark'},
		['king\'s representative'] = {'Tom Marsters', last = 'Marsters', first = 'Tom'},
		['kings representative'] = {'Tom Marsters', last = 'Marsters', first = 'Tom'},
		},
	costa_rica = {
		['head of state'] = {'Laura Fernández Delgado', last = 'Fernández Delgado', first = 'Laura'},
		['president'] = {'Laura Fernández Delgado', last = 'Fernández Delgado', first = 'Laura'},
		['head of government'] = {'Laura Fernández Delgado', last = 'Fernández Delgado', first = 'Laura'},
		},
	croatia = {
		['head of state'] = {'Zoran Milanović', last = 'Milanović', first = 'Zoran'},
		['president'] = {'Zoran Milanović', last = 'Milanović', first = 'Zoran'},
		['head of government'] = {'Andrej Plenković', last = 'Plenković', first = 'Andrej'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Andrej Plenković', last = 'Plenković', first = 'Andrej'},
		},
	cuba = {
		['head of state'] = {'Miguel Díaz-Canel', last = 'Díaz-Canel', first = 'Miguel'},
		['president'] = {'Miguel Díaz-Canel', last = 'Díaz-Canel', first = 'Miguel'},
		['head of government'] = {'Manuel Marrero Cruz', last = 'Marrero Cruz', first = 'Manuel'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Manuel Marrero Cruz', last = 'Marrero Cruz', first = 'Manuel'},
		['first secretary'] = {'Miguel Díaz-Canel', last = 'Díaz-Canel', first = 'Miguel'},
		},
	cyprus = {
		['head of state'] = {'Nikos Christodoulides', last = 'Christodoulides', first = 'Nikos'},
		['president'] = {'Nikos Christodoulides', last = 'Christodoulides', first = 'Nikos'},
		['head of government'] = {'Nikos Christodoulides', last = 'Christodoulides', first = 'Nikos'},
		},
	czech_republic = {
		['head of state'] = {'Petr Pavel', last = 'Pavel', first = 'Petr'},
		['president'] = {'Petr Pavel', last = 'Pavel', first = 'Petr'},
		['head of government'] = {'Andrej Babiš', last = 'Babiš', first = 'Andrej'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Andrej Babiš', last = 'Babiš', first = 'Andrej'},
		},

	-- D --
	denmark = {
		['head of state'] = {'Frederik X'},
		['king'] = {'Frederik X'},
		['monarch'] = {'Frederik X'},
		['head of government'] = {'Mette Frederiksen', last = 'Frederiksen', first = 'Mette'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Mette Frederiksen', last = 'Frederiksen', first = 'Mette'},
		},
	djibouti = {
		['head of state'] = {'Ismaïl Omar Guelleh', last = 'Guelleh', first = 'Ismaïl Omar'},
		['president'] = {'Ismaïl Omar Guelleh', last = 'Guelleh', first = 'Ismaïl Omar'},
		['head of government'] = {'Ismaïl Omar Guelleh', last = 'Guelleh', first = 'Ismaïl Omar'}, -- Prime minister is not head of government in Djibouti
		['prime minister'] = {'Abdoulkader Kamil Mohamed', last = 'Mohamed', first = 'Abdoulkader Kamil'},
		},
	dominica = {
		['head of state'] = {'Sylvanie Burton', last = 'Burton', first = 'Sylvanie'},
		['president'] = {'Sylvanie Burton', last = 'Burton', first = 'Sylvanie'},
		['head of government'] = {'Roosevelt Skerrit', last = 'Skerrit', first = 'Roosevelt'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Roosevelt Skerrit', last = 'Skerrit', first = 'Roosevelt'},
		},
	dominican_republic = {
		['head of state'] = {'Luis Abinader', last = 'Abinader', first = 'Luis'},
		['president'] = {'Luis Abinader', last = 'Abinader', first = 'Luis'},
		['head of government'] = {'Luis Abinader', last = 'Abinader', first = 'Luis'},
		},

	-- E --
	ecuador = {
		['head of state'] = {'Daniel Noboa', last = 'Noboa', first = 'Daniel'},
		['president'] = {'Daniel Noboa', last = 'Noboa', first = 'Daniel'},
		['head of government'] = {'Daniel Noboa', last = 'Noboa', first = 'Daniel'},
		},
	egypt = {
		['head of state'] = {'Abdel Fattah el-Sisi', last = 'el-Sisi', first = 'Abdel Fattah'},
		['president'] = {'Abdel Fattah el-Sisi', last = 'el-Sisi', first = 'Abdel Fattah'},
		['head of government'] = {'Mostafa Madbouly', last = 'Madbouly', first = 'Mostafa'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Mostafa Madbouly', last = 'Madbouly', first = 'Mostafa'},
		},
	el_salvador = {
		['head of state'] = {'Nayib Bukele', last = 'Bukele', first = 'Nayib'},
		['president'] = {'Nayib Bukele', last = 'Bukele', first = 'Nayib'},
		['head of government'] = {'Nayib Bukele', last = 'Bukele', first = 'Nayib'},
		},
	equatorial_guinea = { -- often use naming customs of the Fang people from Equatorial Guinea
		['head of state'] = {'Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo', last = 'Obiang Nguema Mbasogo', first = 'Teodoro', short = 'Obiang'},
		['president'] = {'Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo', last = 'Obiang Nguema Mbasogo', first = 'Teodoro', short = 'Obiang'},
		['head of government'] = {'Manuel Osa Nsue Nsua', last = 'Osa Nsue Nsua', first = 'Manuel', short = 'Osa'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Manuel Osa Nsue Nsua', last = 'Osa Nsue Nsua', first = 'Manuel', short = 'Osa'},
		},
	eritrea = {
		['head of state'] = {'Isaias Afwerki', last = 'Afwerki', first = 'Isaias'},
		['president'] = {'Isaias Afwerki', last = 'Afwerki', first = 'Isaias'},
		['head of government'] = {'Isaias Afwerki', last = 'Afwerki', first = 'Isaias'},
		},
	estonia = {
		['head of state'] = {'Alar Karis', last = 'Karis', first = 'Alar'},
		['president'] = {'Alar Karis', last = 'Karis', first = 'Alar'},
		['head of government'] = {'Kristen Michal', last = 'Michal', first = 'Kristen'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Kristen Michal', last = 'Michal', first = 'Kristen'},
		},
	eswatini = {
		['head of state'] = {
			{'Mswati III'},
			{'Ntfombi'},
			},
		['heads of state'] = {
			{'Mswati III'},
			{'Ntfombi'},
			},
		['monarch'] = {
			{'Mswati III'},
			{'Ntfombi'},
			},
		['monarchs'] = {
			{'Mswati III'},
			{'Ntfombi'},
			},
		['king'] = {'Mswati III'},
		['ngwenyama'] = {'Mswati III'},
		['queen'] = {'Ntfombi'},
		['queen mother'] = {'Ntfombi'},
		['ndlovukati'] = {'Ntfombi'},
		['head of government'] = {'Russell Dlamini', last = 'Dlamini', first = 'Russell'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Russell Dlamini', last = 'Dlamini', first = 'Russell'},
		},
	ethiopia = {
		['head of state'] = {'Taye Atske Selassie', last = 'Selassie', first = 'Taye Atske'},
		['president'] = {'Taye Atske Selassie', last = 'Selassie', first = 'Taye Atske'},
		['head of government'] = {'Abiy Ahmed', last = 'Ahmed', first = 'Abiy'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Abiy Ahmed', last = 'Ahmed', first = 'Abiy'},
		},

	-- F --
	fiji = {
		['head of state'] = {'Naiqama Lalabalavu', last = 'Lalabalavu', first = 'Naiqama'},
		['president'] = {'Naiqama Lalabalavu', last = 'Lalabalavu', first = 'Naiqama'},
		['head of government'] = {'Sitiveni Rabuka', last = 'Rabuka', first = 'Sitiveni'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Sitiveni Rabuka', last = 'Rabuka', first = 'Sitiveni'},
		},
	finland = {
		['head of state'] = {'Alexander Stubb', last = 'Stubb', first ='Alexander'},
		['president'] =  {'Alexander Stubb', last = 'Stubb', first ='Alexander'},
		['head of government'] = {'Petteri Orpo', last = 'Orpo', first = 'Petteri'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Petteri Orpo', last = 'Orpo', first = 'Petteri'},
		},
	france = {
		['head of state'] = multi_t.french,
		['president'] = multi_t.french,
		['head of government'] = {'Sébastien Lecornu', last = 'Lecornu', first = 'Sébastien'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Sébastien Lecornu', last = 'Lecornu', first = 'Sébastien'},
		},

	-- G --
	gabon = {
		['head of state'] = {'Brice Oligui Nguema', last = 'Oligui Nguema', first = 'Brice', short = 'Oligui'},
		['president'] = {'Brice Oligui Nguema', last = 'Oligui Nguema', first = 'Brice', short = 'Oligui'},
		['head of government'] = {'Brice Oligui Nguema', last = 'Oligui Nguema', first = 'Brice', short = 'Oligui'},
		},
	gambia = {
		['head of state'] = {'Adama Barrow', last = 'Barrow', first = 'Adama'},
		['president'] =  {'Adama Barrow', last = 'Barrow', first = 'Adama'},
		['head of government'] =  {'Adama Barrow', last = 'Barrow', first = 'Adama'},
		},
	georgia = {
		['head of state'] = {'Mikheil Kavelashvili', last = 'Kavelashvili', first = 'Mikheil'},
		['president'] = {'Mikheil Kavelashvili', last = 'Kavelashvili', first = 'Mikheil'},
		['head of government'] = {'Irakli Kobakhidze', last = 'Kobakhidze', first = 'Irakli'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Irakli Kobakhidze', last = 'Kobakhidze', first = 'Irakli'},
		},
	germany = {
		['head of state'] = {'Frank-Walter Steinmeier', last = 'Steinmeier', first = 'Frank-Walter'},
		['president'] = {'Frank-Walter Steinmeier', last = 'Steinmeier', first = 'Frank-Walter'},
		['head of government'] = {'Friedrich Merz', last = 'Merz', first = 'Friedrich Merz'},
		['chancellor'] = {'Friedrich Merz', last = 'Merz', first = 'Friedrich Merz'},
		},
	ghana = {
		['head of state'] = {'John Mahama', last = 'Mahama', first = 'John'},
		['president'] = {'John Mahama', last = 'Mahama', first = 'John'},
		['head of government'] = {'John Mahama', last = 'Mahama', first = 'John'},
		},
	greece = {
		['head of state'] = {'Konstantinos Tasoulas', last = 'Tasoulas', first = 'Konstantinos'},
		['president'] = {'Konstantinos Tasoulas', last = 'Tasoulas', first = 'Konstantinos'},
		['head of government'] = {'Kyriakos Mitsotakis', last = 'Mitsotakis', first = 'Kyriakos'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Kyriakos Mitsotakis', last = 'Mitsotakis', first = 'Kyriakos'},
		},
	grenada = {
		['head of state'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['king'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['monarch'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['queen'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['head of government'] = {'Dickon Mitchell', last = 'Mitchell', first = 'Dickon'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Dickon Mitchell', last = 'Mitchell', first = 'Dickon'},
		['governor-general'] = {'Cécile La Grenade', last = 'La Grenade', first = 'Cécile'},
		['governor general'] = {'Cécile La Grenade', last = 'La Grenade', first = 'Cécile'},
		},
	guatemala = {
		['head of state'] = {'Bernardo Arévalo', last = 'Arévalo', first = 'Bernardo'},
		['president'] = {'Bernardo Arévalo', last = 'Arévalo', first = 'Bernardo'},
		['head of government'] = {'Bernardo Arévalo', last = 'Arévalo', first = 'Bernardo'},
		},
	guinea = {
		['head of state'] = {'Mamady Doumbouya', last = 'Doumbouya', first = 'Mamady'},
		['president'] = {'Mamady Doumbouya', last = 'Doumbouya', first = 'Mamady'},
		['head of government'] = {'Bah Oury', last = 'Oury', first = 'Bah'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Bah Oury', last = 'Oury', first = 'Bah'},
		},
	guinea_bissau = {
		['head of state'] = {'Horta Inta-A Na Man', last = 'Inta-A Na Man', first = 'Horta', short = 'Inta-A'},
		['president'] = {'Horta Inta-A Na Man', last = 'Inta-A Na Man', first = 'Horta', short = 'Inta-A'},
		['head of government'] = {'Ilídio Vieira Té', last = 'Vieira Té', first = 'Ilídio'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Ilídio Vieira Té', last = 'Vieira Té', first = 'Ilídio'},
		},
	guyana = {
		['head of state'] = {'Irfaan Ali', last = 'Ali', first = 'Irfaan'},
		['president'] = {'Irfaan Ali', last = 'Ali', first = 'Irfaan'},
		['head of government'] = {'Irfaan Ali', last = 'Ali', first = 'Irfaan'},
		},

	-- H --
	haiti = {
		['head of state'] = {'vacant'},
		['president'] = {'vacant'},
		['head of government'] = {'Alix Didier Fils-Aimé', last = 'Fils-Aimé', first = 'Alix Didier'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Alix Didier Fils-Aimé', last = 'Fils-Aimé', first = 'Alix Didier'},
		},
	honduras = {
		['head of state'] = {'Nasry Asfura', last = 'Asfura', first = 'Nasry'},
		['president'] = {'Nasry Asfura', last = 'Asfura', first = 'Nasry'},
		['head of government'] = {'Nasry Asfura', last = 'Asfura', first = 'Nasry'},
		},
	hungary = {
		['head of state'] = {'Ágnes Forsthoffer', last = 'Forsthoffer', first = 'Ágnes'},
		['president'] = {'Ágnes Forsthoffer', last = 'Forsthoffer', first = 'Ágnes'},
		['acting head of state'] = {'Ágnes Forsthoffer', last = 'Forsthoffer', first = 'Ágnes'},
		['acting president'] = {'Ágnes Forsthoffer', last = 'Forsthoffer', first = 'Ágnes'},
		['head of government'] = {'Péter Magyar', last = 'Magyar', first = 'Péter'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Péter Magyar', last = 'Magyar', first = 'Péter'},
		},

	-- I --
	iceland = {
		['head of state'] = {'Halla Tómasdóttir', last = 'Tómasdóttir', first = 'Halla', short = 'first'},
		['president'] = {'Halla Tómasdóttir', last = 'Tómasdóttir', first = 'Halla', short = 'first'},
		['head of government'] = {'Kristrún Frostadóttir', last = 'Frostadóttir', first = 'Kristrún', short = 'first'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Kristrún Frostadóttir', last = 'Frostadóttir', first = 'Kristrún', short = 'first'},
		},
	india = {
		['head of state'] = {'Droupadi Murmu', last = 'Murmu', first = 'Droupadi'},
		['president'] = {'Droupadi Murmu', last = 'Murmu', first = 'Droupadi'},
		['head of government'] = {'Narendra Modi', last = 'Modi', first = 'Narendra'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Narendra Modi', last = 'Modi', first = 'Narendra'},
		},
	indonesia = {
		['head of state'] = {'Prabowo Subianto', last = 'Subianto', first = 'Prabowo'},
		['president'] = {'Prabowo Subianto', last = 'Subianto', first = 'Prabowo'},
		['head of government'] = {'Prabowo Subianto', last = 'Subianto', first = 'Prabowo'},
		},
	iran = {
		['head of state'] = {'Masoud Pezeshkian', last = 'Pezeshkian', first = 'Masoud'},
		['head of government'] = {'Masoud Pezeshkian', last = 'Pezeshkian', first = 'Masoud'},
		['president'] = {'Masoud Pezeshkian', last = 'Pezeshkian', first = 'Masoud'},
		['supreme leader'] = {'Mojtaba Khamenei', last = 'Khamenei', first = 'Mojtaba'},
		},
	iraq = {
		['head of state'] = {'Nizar Amidi', last = 'Amidi', first = 'Nizar'},
		['president'] = {'Nizar Amidi', last = 'Amidi', first = 'Nizar'},
		['head of government'] = {'Ali al-Zaidi', last = 'al-Zaidi', first = 'Ali'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Ali al-Zaidi', last = 'al-Zaidi', first = 'Ali'},
		},
	ireland = {
		['head of state'] = {'Catherine Connolly', last = 'Connolly', first = 'Catherine'},
		['president'] = {'Catherine Connolly', last = 'Connolly', first = 'Catherine'},
		['head of government'] = {'Micheál Martin', last = 'Martin', first = 'Micheál'},
		['taoiseach'] = {'Micheál Martin', last = 'Martin', first = 'Micheál'},
		},
	israel = {
		['head of state'] = {'Isaac Herzog', last = 'Herzog', first = 'Isaac'},
		['president'] = {'Isaac Herzog', last = 'Herzog', first = 'Isaac'},
		['head of government'] = {'Benjamin Netanyahu', last = 'Netanyahu', first = 'Benjamin'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Benjamin Netanyahu', last = 'Netanyahu', first = 'Benjamin'},
		},
	italy = {
		['head of state'] = {'Sergio Mattarella', last = 'Mattarella', first = 'Sergio'},
		['president'] = {'Sergio Mattarella', last = 'Mattarella', first = 'Sergio'},
		['head of government'] = {'Giorgia Meloni', last = 'Meloni', first = 'Giorgia'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Giorgia Meloni', last = 'Meloni', first = 'Giorgia'},
		},
	ivory_coast = {
		['head of state'] = {'Alassane Ouattara', last = 'Ouattara', first = 'Alassane'},
		['president'] = {'Alassane Ouattara', last = 'Ouattara', first = 'Alassane'},
		['head of government'] = {'Robert Beugré Mambé', last = 'Mambé', first = 'Robert Beugré'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Robert Beugré Mambé', last = 'Mambé', first = 'Robert Beugré'},
		},

	-- J --
	jamaica = {
	    ['head of state'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['king'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['monarch'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['queen'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['head of government'] = {'Andrew Holness', last = 'Holness', first = 'Andrew'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Andrew Holness', last = 'Holness', first = 'Andrew'},
		['governor-general'] = {'Patrick Allen (governor-general)', last = 'Allen', first = 'Patrick'}, -- Patrick Allen
		['governor general'] = {'Patrick Allen (governor-general)', last = 'Allen', first = 'Patrick'},
		},
	japan = {
		['head of state'] = {'Naruhito'},
		['emperor'] = {'Naruhito'},
		['monarch'] = {'Naruhito'},
		['head of government'] = {'Sanae Takaichi', last = 'Takaichi', first = 'Sanae'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Sanae Takaichi', last = 'Takaichi', first = 'Sanae'},
		},
	jordan = {
		['head of state'] = {'Abdullah II'},
		['king'] = {'Abdullah II'},
		['monarch'] = {'Abdullah II'},
		['head of government'] = {'Jafar Hassan', last = 'Hassan', first = 'Jafar'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Jafar Hassan', last = 'Hassan', first = 'Jafar'},
		},

	-- K --
	kazakhstan = {
		['head of state'] = {'Kassym-Jomart Tokayev', last = 'Tokayev', first = 'Kassym-Jomart'},
		['president'] = {'Kassym-Jomart Tokayev', last = 'Tokayev', first = 'Kassym-Jomart'},
		['head of government'] = {'Oljas Bektenov', last = 'Bektenov', first = 'Oljas'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Oljas Bektenov', last = 'Bektenov', first = 'Oljas'},
		},
	kenya = {
		['head of state'] = {'William Ruto', last = 'Ruto', first = 'William'},
		['president'] = {'William Ruto', last = 'Ruto', first = 'William'},
		['head of government'] = {'William Ruto', last = 'Ruto', first = 'William'},
		['prime cabinet secretary'] = {'Musalia Mudavadi', last = 'Mudavadi', first = 'Musalia'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Musalia Mudavadi', last = 'Mudavadi', first = 'Musalia'},
		},
	kiribati = {
		['head of state'] = {'Taneti Maamau', last = 'Maamau', first = 'Taneti'},
		['president'] = {'Taneti Maamau', last = 'Maamau', first = 'Taneti'},
		['head of government'] = {'Taneti Maamau', last = 'Maamau', first = 'Taneti'},
		},
	north_korea = { -- listed in order as "Korea, Democratic People's Republic of"
		['head of state'] = {'Kim Jong Un', last = 'Kim', first = 'Jong Un', last_first = true},
		['president'] = {'Kim Jong Un', last = 'Kim', first = 'Jong Un', last_first = true},
		['president of the state affairs commission'] = {'Kim Jong Un', last = 'Kim', first = 'Jong Un', last_first = true},
		['head of government'] = {'Pak Thae-song', last = 'Pak', first = 'Thae-song', last_first = true},
		['primier'] = {'Pak Thae-song', last = 'Pak', first = 'Thae-song', last_first = true},
		['general secretary'] = {'Kim Jong Un', last = 'Kim', first = 'Jong Un', last_first = true},
		},
	south_korea = { -- listed in order as "Korea, Republic of"
		['head of state'] = {'Lee Jae Myung', last = 'Lee', first = 'Jae Myung', last_first = true},
		['president'] = {'Lee Jae Myung', last = 'Lee', first = 'Jae Myung', last_first = true},
		['head of government'] = {'Lee Jae Myung', last = 'Lee', first = 'Jae Myung', last_first = true}, -- Prime minister is not head of government in South Korea
		['prime minister'] = {'Han Seong-sook', last = 'Han', first = 'Seong-sook', last_first = true},
		},
	kosovo = {
		['head of state'] = {'Albulena Haxhiu', last = 'Haxhiu', first = 'Albulena'},
		['president'] = {'Albulena Haxhiu', last = 'Haxhiu', first = 'Albulena'},
		['head of government'] = {'Albin Kurti', last = 'Kurti', first = 'Albin'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Albin Kurti', last = 'Kurti', first = 'Albin'},
		},
	kuwait = {
		['head of state'] = {'Mishal Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah', last = 'Al-Sabah', first = 'Mishal Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber', short = 'Mishal'},
		['emir'] = {'Mishal Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah', last = 'Al-Sabah', first = 'Mishal Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber', short = 'Mishal'},
		['monarch'] = {'Mishal Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah', last = 'Al-Sabah', first = 'Mishal Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber', short = 'Mishal'},
		['head of government'] = {'Ahmad Al-Abdullah Al-Sabah', last = 'Al-Sabah', first = 'Ahmad Al-Abdullah', short = 'Ahmad'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Ahmad Al-Abdullah Al-Sabah', last = 'Al-Sabah', first = 'Ahmad Al-Abdullah', short = 'Ahmad'},
		},
	kyrgyzstan = {
		['head of state'] = {'Sadyr Japarov', last = 'Japarov', first = 'Sadyr'},
		['president'] = {'Sadyr Japarov', last = 'Japarov', first = 'Sadyr'},
		['head of government'] = {'Sadyr Japarov', last = 'Japarov', first = 'Sadyr'},
		['chairman of the cabinet of ministers'] = {'Adylbek Kasymaliev', last = 'Kasymaliev', first = 'Adylbek'},
		['chairman'] = {'Adylbek Kasymaliev', last = 'Kasymaliev', first = 'Adylbek'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Adylbek Kasymaliev', last = 'Kasymaliev', first = 'Adylbek'},
		},

	-- L --
	laos = { -- for [[Lao name]]s, short is first, not last
		['head of state'] = {'Thongloun Sisoulith', last = 'Sisoulith', first = 'Thongloun', short = 'first'},
		['president'] = {'Thongloun Sisoulith', last = 'Sisoulith', first = 'Thongloun', short = 'first'},
		['head of government'] = {'Sonexay Siphandone', last = 'Siphandone', first = 'Sonexay', short = 'first'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Sonexay Siphandone', last = 'Siphandone', first = 'Sonexay', short = 'first'},
		['general secretary'] = {'Thongloun Sisoulith', last = 'Sisoulith', first = 'Thongloun', short = 'first'},
		},
	latvia = {
		['head of state'] = {'Edgars Rinkēvičs', last = 'Rinkēvičs', first = 'Edgars'},
		['president'] = {'Edgars Rinkēvičs', last = 'Rinkēvičs', first = 'Edgars'},
		['head of government'] = {'Andris Kulbergs', last = 'Kulbergs', first = 'Andris'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Andris Kulbergs', last = 'Kulbergs', first = 'Andris'},
		},
	lebanon = {
		['head of state'] = {'Joseph Aoun', last = 'Aoun', first = 'Joseph'},
		['president'] = {'Joseph Aoun', last = 'Aoun', first = 'Joseph'},
		['head of government'] = {'Nawaf Salam', last = 'Salam', first = 'Nawaf'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Nawaf Salam', last = 'Salam', first = 'Nawaf'},
		},
	lesotho = {
		['head of state'] = {'Letsie III'},
		['king'] = {'Letsie III'},
		['monarch'] = {'Letsie III'},
		['head of government'] = {'Sam Matekane', last = 'Matekane', first = 'Sam'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Sam Matekane', last = 'Matekane', first = 'Sam'},
		},
	liberia = {
		['head of state'] = {'Joseph Boakai', last = 'Boakai', first = 'Joseph'},
		['president'] = {'Joseph Boakai', last = 'Boakai', first = 'Joseph'},
		['head of government'] = {'Joseph Boakai', last = 'Boakai', first = 'Joseph'},
		},
	libya = { -- Government of National Unity
		['head of state'] = {'Mohamed al-Menfi', last = 'al-Menfi', first = 'Mohamed'},
		['chairman of the presidential council of libya'] = {'Mohamed al-Menfi', last = 'al-Menfi', first = 'Mohamed'},
		['president of the presidential council of libya'] = {'Mohamed al-Menfi', last = 'al-Menfi', first = 'Mohamed'},
		['chairman'] = {'Mohamed al-Menfi', last = 'al-Menfi', first = 'Mohamed'},
		['president'] = {'Mohamed al-Menfi', last = 'al-Menfi', first = 'Mohamed'},
		['head of government'] = {'Abdul Hamid Dbeibeh', last = 'Dbeibeh', first = 'Abdul Hamid'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Abdul Hamid Dbeibeh', last = 'Dbeibeh', first = 'Abdul Hamid'},
		},
	liechtenstein = {
		['head of state'] = {'Hans-Adam II'},
		['monarch'] = {'Hans-Adam II'},
		['prince'] = {'Hans-Adam II'},
		['prince regnant'] = {'Hans-Adam II'},
		['sovereign prince'] = {'Hans-Adam II'},
		['head of government'] = {'Brigitte Haas', last = 'Haas', first = 'Brigitte'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Brigitte Haas', last = 'Haas', first = 'Brigitte'},
		['hereditary prince'] = {'Alois, Hereditary Prince of Liechtenstein'}, -- Alois
		['regent'] = {'Alois, Hereditary Prince of Liechtenstein'}, -- Alois
		},
	lithuania = {
		['head of state'] = {'Gitanas Nausėda', last = 'Nausėda', first = 'Gitanas'},
		['president'] = {'Gitanas Nausėda', last = 'Nausėda', first = 'Gitanas'},
		['head of government'] = {'Mindaugas Sinkevičius', last = 'Sinkevičius', first = 'Mindaugas'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Mindaugas Sinkevičius', last = 'Sinkevičius', first = 'Mindaugas'},
		},
	luxembourg = {
		['head of state'] = {'Guillaume V, Grand Duke of Luxembourg'}, -- Guillaume V
		['grand duke'] = {'Guillaume V, Grand Duke of Luxembourg'},
		['monarch'] = {'Guillaume V, Grand Duke of Luxembourg'},
		['head of government'] = {'Luc Frieden', last = 'Frieden', first = 'Luc'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Luc Frieden', last = 'Frieden', first = 'Luc'},
		},

	-- M --
	madagascar = {
		['head of state'] = {'Michael Randrianirina', last = 'Randrianirina', first = 'Michael'},
		['president of the council of the presidency for the re-foundation of the republic of madagascar'] = {'Michael Randrianirina', last = 'Randrianirina', first = 'Michael'},
		['chairman of the council of the presidency for the re-foundation of the republic of madagascar'] = {'Michael Randrianirina', last = 'Randrianirina', first = 'Michael'},
		['president of the council of the presidency for the refoundation of the republic of madagascar'] = {'Michael Randrianirina', last = 'Randrianirina', first = 'Michael'},
		['chairman of the council of the presidency for the refoundation of the republic of madagascar'] = {'Michael Randrianirina', last = 'Randrianirina', first = 'Michael'},
		['president'] = {'Michael Randrianirina', last = 'Randrianirina', first = 'Michael'},
		['chairman'] = {'Michael Randrianirina', last = 'Randrianirina', first = 'Michael'},
		['head of government'] = {'Mamitiana Rajaonarison', last = 'Rajaonarison', first = 'Mamitiana'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Mamitiana Rajaonarison', last = 'Rajaonarison', first = 'Mamitiana'},
		},
	malawi = {
		['head of state'] = {'Peter Mutharika', last = 'Mutharika', first = 'Peter'},
		['president'] = {'Peter Mutharika', last = 'Mutharika', first = 'Peter'},
		['head of government'] = {'Peter Mutharika', last = 'Mutharika', first = 'Peter'},
		},
	malaysia = {
		['head of state'] = {'Ibrahim Iskandar', last = 'Iskandar', first = 'Ibrahim'},
		['king'] = {'Ibrahim Iskandar', last = 'Iskandar', first = 'Ibrahim'},
		['monarch'] = {'Ibrahim Iskandar', last = 'Iskandar', first = 'Ibrahim'},
		['sultan'] = {'Ibrahim Iskandar', last = 'Iskandar', first = 'Ibrahim'},
		['yang di-pertuan agong'] = {'Ibrahim Iskandar', last = 'Iskandar', first = 'Ibrahim'},
		['head of government'] = {'Anwar Ibrahim', last = 'Ibrahim', first = 'Anwar'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Anwar Ibrahim', last = 'Ibrahim', first = 'Anwar'},
		},
	maldives = {
		['head of state'] = {'Peter Mutharika', last = 'Mutharika', first = 'Peter'},
		['president'] = {'Peter Mutharika', last = 'Mutharika', first = 'Peter'},
		['head of government'] = {'Peter Mutharika', last = 'Mutharika', first = 'Peter'},
		},
	mali = {
		['head of state'] = {'Assimi Goïta', last = 'Goïta', first = 'Assimi'},
		['president'] = {'Assimi Goïta', last = 'Goïta', first = 'Assimi'},
		['head of government'] = {'Assimi Goïta', last = 'Goïta', first = 'Assimi'},
		},
	malta = {
		['head of state'] = {'Myriam Spiteri Debono', last = 'Spiteri Debono', first = 'Myriam'},
		['president'] = {'Myriam Spiteri Debono', last = 'Spiteri Debono', first = 'Myriam'},
		['head of government'] = {'Robert Abela', last = 'Abela', first = 'Robert'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Robert Abela', last = 'Abela', first = 'Robert'},
		},
	marshall_islands = {
		['head of state'] = {'Hilda Heine', last = 'Heine', first = 'Hilda'},
		['president'] = {'Hilda Heine', last = 'Heine', first = 'Hilda'},
		['head of government'] = {'Hilda Heine', last = 'Heine', first = 'Hilda'},
		},
	mauritania = {
		['head of state'] = {'Mohamed Ould Ghazouani', last = 'Ould Ghazouani', first = 'Mohamed'},
		['president'] = {'Mohamed Ould Ghazouani', last = 'Ould Ghazouani', first = 'Mohamed'},
		['head of government'] = {'Mokhtar Ould Djay', last = 'Ould Djay', first = 'Mokhtar'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Mokhtar Ould Djay', last = 'Ould Djay', first = 'Mokhtar'},
		},
	mauritius = {
		['head of state'] = {'Dharam Gokhool', last = 'Gokhool', first = 'Dharam'},
		['president'] = {'Dharam Gokhool', last = 'Gokhool', first = 'Dharam'},
		['head of government'] = {'Navin Ramgoolam', last = 'Ramgoolam', first = 'Navin'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Navin Ramgoolam', last = 'Ramgoolam', first = 'Navin'},
		},
	mexico = {
		['head of state'] = {'Claudia Sheinbaum', last = 'Sheinbaum', first = 'Claudia'},
		['president'] = {'Claudia Sheinbaum', last = 'Sheinbaum', first = 'Claudia'},
		['head of government'] = {'Claudia Sheinbaum', last = 'Sheinbaum', first = 'Claudia'},
		},
	micronesia = {
		['head of state'] = {'Wesley Simina', last = 'Simina', first = 'Wesley'},
		['president'] = {'Wesley Simina', last = 'Simina', first = 'Wesley'},
		['head of government'] = {'Wesley Simina', last = 'Simina', first = 'Wesley'},
		},
	moldova = {
		['head of state'] = {'Maia Sandu', last = 'Sandu', first = 'Maia'},
		['president'] = {'Maia Sandu', last = 'Sandu', first = 'Maia'},
		['head of government'] = {'Vasile Tofa', last = 'Tofa', first = 'Vasile'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Vasile Tofa', last = 'Tofa', first = 'Vasile'},
		},
	monaco = {
		['head of state'] = {'Albert II, Prince of Monaco'}, -- Albert II
		['monarch'] = {'Albert II, Prince of Monaco'},
		['prince'] = {'Albert II, Prince of Monaco'},
		['prince regnant'] = {'Albert II, Prince of Monaco'},
		['sovereign prince'] = {'Albert II, Prince of Monaco'},
		['head of government'] = {'Christophe Mirmand', last = 'Mirmand', first = 'Christophe'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Christophe Mirmand', last = 'Mirmand', first = 'Christophe'},
		},
	mongolia = { -- see [[Mongolian names]]
		['head of state'] = {'Ukhnaagiin Khürelsükh', last = 'Ukhnaagiin', first = 'Khürelsükh', last_first = true, short = 'first'},
		['president'] = {'Ukhnaagiin Khürelsükh', last = 'Ukhnaagiin', first = 'Khürelsükh', last_first = true, short = 'first'},
		['head of government'] = {'Nyam-Osoryn Uchral', last = 'Nyam-Osoryn', first = 'Uchral', last_first = true, short = 'first'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Nyam-Osoryn Uchral', last = 'Nyam-Osoryn', first = 'Uchral', last_first = true, short = 'first'},
		},
	montenegro = {
		['head of state'] = {'Jakov Milatović', last = 'Milatović', first = 'Jakov'},
		['president'] = {'Jakov Milatović', last = 'Milatović', first = 'Jakov'},
		['head of government'] = {'Milojko Spajić', last = 'Spajić', first = 'Milojko'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Milojko Spajić', last = 'Spajić', first = 'Milojko'},
		},
	morocco = {
		['head of state'] = {'Mohammed VI of Morocco'}, -- Mohammed VI
		['king'] = {'Mohammed VI of Morocco'},
		['monarch'] = {'Mohammed VI of Morocco'},
		['head of government'] = {'Aziz Akhannouch', last = 'Akhannouch', first = 'Aziz'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Aziz Akhannouch', last = 'Akhannouch', first = 'Aziz'},
		},
	mozambique = {
		['head of state'] = {'Daniel Chapo', last = 'Chapo', first = 'Daniel'},
		['president'] = {'Daniel Chapo', last = 'Chapo', first = 'Daniel'},
		['head of government'] = {'Daniel Chapo', last = 'Chapo', first = 'Daniel'},
		},
	myanmar = { -- see [[Burmese names]]
		['head of state'] = {'Min Aung Hlaing', first = 'Min Aung Hlaing'},
		['president'] = {'Min Aung Hlaing', first = 'Min Aung Hlaing'},
		['head of government'] = {'Min Aung Hlaing', first = 'Min Aung Hlaing'},
		},

	-- N --
	namibia = {
		['head of state'] = {'Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah', last = 'Nandi-Ndaitwah', first = 'Netumbo'},
		['president'] = {'Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah', last = 'Nandi-Ndaitwah', first = 'Netumbo'},
		['head of government'] = {'Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah', last = 'Nandi-Ndaitwah', first = 'Netumbo'},
		},
	nauru = {
		['head of state'] = {'David Adeang', last = 'Adeang', first = 'David'},
		['president'] = {'David Adeang', last = 'Adeang', first = 'David'},
		['head of government'] = {'David Adeang', last = 'Adeang', first = 'David'},
		},
	nepal = {
		['head of state'] = {'Ram Chandra Paudel', last = 'Paudel', first = 'Ram Chandra'},
		['president'] = {'Ram Chandra Paudel', last = 'Paudel', first = 'Ram Chandra'},
		['head of government'] = {'Balen Shah', last = 'Shah', first = 'Balen'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Balen Shah', last = 'Shah', first = 'Balen'},
		},
	netherlands = {
		['head of state'] = {'Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands'},
		['king'] = {'Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands'},
		['monarch'] = {'Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands'},
		['head of government'] = {'Rob Jetten', last = 'Jetten', first = 'Rob'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Rob Jetten', last = 'Jetten', first = 'Rob'},
		},
	new_zealand = {
		['head of state'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['king'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['monarch'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['queen'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['head of government'] = {'Christopher Luxon', last = 'Luxon', first = 'Christopher'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Christopher Luxon', last = 'Luxon', first = 'Christopher'},
		['governor-general'] = multi_t.nz,
		['governor general'] = multi_t.nz,
		},
	nicaragua = {
		['head of state'] = {
			{'Daniel Ortega', last = 'Ortega', first = 'Daniel'},
			{'Rosario Murillo', last = 'Murillo', first = 'Rosario'},
			},
		['heads of state'] = {'Daniel Ortega', 'Rosario Murillo'},
		['co-presidents'] = {'Daniel Ortega', 'Rosario Murillo'},
		['presidency'] = {'Daniel Ortega', 'Rosario Murillo'},
		['president'] = {'Daniel Ortega', 'Rosario Murillo'},
		['head of government'] = {'Daniel Ortega', 'Rosario Murillo'},
		['heads of government'] = {'Daniel Ortega', 'Rosario Murillo'},
		},
	niger = {
		['head of state'] = {'Abdourahamane Tchiani', last = 'Tchiani', first = 'Abdourahamane'},
		['president'] = {'Abdourahamane Tchiani', last = 'Tchiani', first = 'Abdourahamane'},
		['head of government'] = {'Ali Lamine Zeine', last = 'Zeine', first = 'Ali Lamine'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Ali Lamine Zeine', last = 'Zeine', first = 'Ali Lamine'},
		},
	nigeria = {
		['head of state'] = {'Bola Tinubu', last = 'Tinubu', first = 'Bola'},
		['president'] = {'Bola Tinubu', last = 'Tinubu', first = 'Bola'},
		['head of government'] = {'Bola Tinubu', last = 'Tinubu', first = 'Bola'},
		},
	niue = {
		['head of state'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['king'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['monarch'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['queen'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['head of government'] = {'Dalton Tagelagi', last = 'Tagelagi', first = 'Dalton'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Dalton Tagelagi', last = 'Tagelagi', first = 'Dalton'},
		['governor-general'] = multi_t.nz,
		['governor general'] = multi_t.nz,
		},
	north_macedonia = {
		['head of state'] = {'Gordana Siljanovska-Davkova', last = 'Siljanovska-Davkova', first = 'Gordana'},
		['president'] = {'Gordana Siljanovska-Davkova', last = 'Siljanovska-Davkova', first = 'Gordana'},
		['head of government'] = {'Hristijan Mickoski', last = 'Mickoski', first = 'Hristijan'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Hristijan Mickoski', last = 'Mickoski', first = 'Hristijan'},
		},
	northern_cyprus = {
		['head of state'] = {'Tufan Erhürman', last = 'Erhürman', first = 'Tufan'},
		['president'] = {'Tufan Erhürman', last = 'Erhürman', first = 'Tufan'},
		['head of government'] = {'Ünal Üstel', last = 'Üstel', first = 'Ünal'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Ünal Üstel', last = 'Üstel', first = 'Ünal'},
		},
	norway = {
		['head of state'] = {'Harald V'},
		['king'] = {'Harald V'},
		['monarch'] = {'Harald V'},
		['head of government'] = {'Jonas Gahr Støre', last = 'Støre', first = 'Jonas Gahr'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Jonas Gahr Støre', last = 'Støre', first = 'Jonas Gahr'},
		},

	-- O --
	oman = {
		['head of state'] = {'Haitham bin Tariq', last = 'Al Said', first = 'Haitham bin Tariq', short = 'Haitham'}, -- article title uses only first names, while article text shortens the name to Haitham
		['monarch'] = {'Haitham bin Tariq', last = 'Al Said', first = 'Haitham bin Tariq', short = 'Haitham'},
		['sultan'] = {'Haitham bin Tariq', last = 'Al Said', first = 'Haitham bin Tariq', short = 'Haitham'},
		['head of government'] = {'Haitham bin Tariq', last = 'Al Said', first = 'Haitham bin Tariq', short = 'Haitham'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Haitham bin Tariq', last = 'Al Said', first = 'Haitham bin Tariq', short = 'Haitham'},
		},

	-- P --
	pakistan = {
		['head of state'] = {'Asif Ali Zardari', last = 'Zardari', first = 'Asif Ali'},
		['president'] = {'Asif Ali Zardari', last = 'Zardari', first = 'Asif Ali'},
		['head of government'] = {'Shehbaz Sharif', last = 'Sharif', first = 'Shehbaz'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Shehbaz Sharif', last = 'Sharif', first = 'Shehbaz'},
		},
	palau = {
		['head of state'] = {'Surangel Whipps Jr.', last = 'Whipps Jr.', first = 'Surangel'},
		['president'] = {'Surangel Whipps Jr.', last = 'Whipps Jr.', first = 'Surangel'},
		['head of government'] = {'Surangel Whipps Jr.', last = 'Whipps Jr.', first = 'Surangel'},
		},
	palestine = { -- Palestinian Authority
		['head of state'] = {'Mahmoud Abbas', last = 'Abbas', first = 'Mahmoud'},
		['president'] = {'Mahmoud Abbas', last = 'Abbas', first = 'Mahmoud'},
		['head of government'] = {'Mohammad Mustafa (politician)', last = 'Mustafa', first = 'Mohammad'}, -- Mohammad Mustafa
		['prime minister'] = {'Mohammad Mustafa (politician)', last = 'Mustafa', first = 'Mohammad'},
		},
	panama = {
		['head of state'] = {'José Raúl Mulino', last = 'Mulino', first = 'José Raúl'},
		['president'] = {'José Raúl Mulino', last = 'Mulino', first = 'José Raúl'},
		['head of government'] = {'José Raúl Mulino', last = 'Mulino', first = 'José Raúl'},
		},
	papua_new_guinea = {
		['head of state'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['king'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['monarch'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['queen'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['head of government'] = {'James Marape', last = 'Marape', first = 'James'},
		['prime minister'] = {'James Marape', last = 'Marape', first = 'James'},
		['governor-general'] = {'Bob Dadae', last = 'Dadae', first = 'Bob'},
		['governor general'] = {'Bob Dadae', last = 'Dadae', first = 'Bob'},
		},
	paraguay = {
		['head of state'] = {'Santiago Peña', last = 'Peña', first = 'Santiago'},
		['president'] = {'Santiago Peña', last = 'Peña', first = 'Santiago'},
		['head of government'] = {'Santiago Peña', last = 'Peña', first = 'Santiago'},
		},
	peru = {
		['head of state'] = {'José María Balcázar', last = 'Balcázar', first = 'José María', short = 'Balcázar'}, -- article title omits maternal last name, 'Zelada'
		['president'] = {'José María Balcázar', last = 'Balcázar', first = 'José María', short = 'Balcázar'},
		['head of government'] = {'José María Balcázar', last = 'Balcázar', first = 'José María', short = 'Balcázar'},
		},
	philippines = {
		['head of state'] = {'Bongbong Marcos', last = 'Marcos', first = 'Bongbong'},
		['president'] = {'Bongbong Marcos', last = 'Marcos', first = 'Bongbong'},
		['head of government'] = {'Bongbong Marcos', last = 'Marcos', first = 'Bongbong'},
		},
	poland = {
		['head of state'] = {'Karol Nawrocki', last = 'Nawrocki', first = 'Karol'},
		['president'] = {'Karol Nawrocki', last = 'Nawrocki', first = 'Karol'},
		['head of government'] = {'Donald Tusk', last = 'Tusk', first = 'Donald'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Donald Tusk', last = 'Tusk', first = 'Donald'},
		},
	portugal = {
		['head of state'] = {'António José Seguro', last = 'Seguro', first = 'António José'}, -- article title omits maternal last name, 'Martins'
		['president'] = {'António José Seguro', last = 'Seguro', first = 'António José'},
		['head of government'] = {'Luís Montenegro', last = 'Montenegro', first = 'Luís'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Luís Montenegro', last = 'Montenegro', first = 'Luís'},
		},

	-- Q --
	qatar = {
		['head of state'] = {'Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani', last = 'Al Thani', first = 'Tamim bin Hamad', short = 'Tamim'},
		['emir'] = {'Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani', last = 'Al Thani', first = 'Tamim bin Hamad', short = 'Tamim'},
		['monarch'] = {'Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani', last = 'Al Thani', first = 'Tamim bin Hamad', short = 'Tamim'},
		['head of government'] = {'Mohammed bin Abdulrahman bin Jassim Al Thani', last = 'Al Thani', first = 'Mohammed bin Abdulrahman bin Jassim', short = 'Mohammed'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Mohammed bin Abdulrahman bin Jassim Al Thani', last = 'Al Thani', first = 'Mohammed bin Abdulrahman bin Jassim', short = 'Mohammed'},
		},

	-- R --
	romania = {
		['head of state'] = {'Nicușor Dan', last = 'Dan', first = 'Nicușor'},
		['president'] = {'Nicușor Dan', last = 'Dan', first = 'Nicușor'},
		['head of government'] = {'Ilie Bolojan', last = 'Bolojan', first = 'Ilie'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Ilie Bolojan', last = 'Bolojan', first = 'Ilie'},
		['caretaker prime minister'] = {'Ilie Bolojan', last = 'Bolojan', first = 'Ilie'},
		},
	russia = {
		['head of state'] = {'Vladimir Putin', last = 'Putin', first = 'Vladimir'},
		['president'] = {'Vladimir Putin', last = 'Putin', first = 'Vladimir'},
		['head of government'] = {'Mikhail Mishustin', last = 'Mishustin', first = 'Mikhail'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Mikhail Mishustin', last = 'Mishustin', first = 'Mikhail'},
		},
	rwanda = {
		['head of state'] = {'Paul Kagame', last = 'Kagame', first = 'Paul'},
		['president'] = {'Paul Kagame', last = 'Kagame', first = 'Paul'},
		['head of government'] = {'Justin Nsengiyumva', last = 'Nsengiyumva', first = 'Justin'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Justin Nsengiyumva', last = 'Nsengiyumva', first = 'Justin'},
		},

	-- S --
	saint_kitts_and_nevis = {
		['head of state'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['king'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['monarch'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['queen'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['head of government'] = {'Terrance Drew', last = 'Drew', first = 'Terrance'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Terrance Drew', last = 'Drew', first = 'Terrance'},
		['governor-general'] = {'Marcella Liburd', last = 'Liburd', first = 'Marcella'},
		['governor general'] = {'Marcella Liburd', last = 'Liburd', first = 'Marcella'},
		},
	saint_lucia = {
		['head of state'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['king'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['monarch'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['queen'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['head of government'] = {'Philip J. Pierre', last = 'Pierre', first = 'Philip J.'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Philip J. Pierre', last = 'Pierre', first = 'Philip J.'},
		['governor-general'] = {'Errol Charles', last = 'Charles', first = 'Errol'},
		['governor general'] = {'Errol Charles', last = 'Charles', first = 'Errol'},
		},
	saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines = {
		['head of state'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['king'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['monarch'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['queen'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['head of government'] = {'Godwin Friday', last = 'Friday', first = 'Godwin'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Godwin Friday', last = 'Friday', first = 'Godwin'},
		['governor-general'] = {'Stanley John (politician)', last = 'John', first = 'Stanley'}, -- Stanley John
		['governor general'] = {'Stanley John (politician)', last = 'John', first = 'Stanley'},
		},
	samoa = {
		['head of state'] = {'Tuimalealiʻifano Vaʻaletoʻa Sualauvi II'},
		['president'] = {'Tuimalealiʻifano Vaʻaletoʻa Sualauvi II'},
		['o le ao o le malo'] = {'Tuimalealiʻifano Vaʻaletoʻa Sualauvi II'},
		['head of government'] = {'Laʻauli Leuatea Schmidt', last = 'Schmidt', first = 'Laʻauli Leuatea'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Laʻauli Leuatea Schmidt', last = 'Schmidt', first = 'Laʻauli Leuatea'},
		},
	san_marino = {
		['head of state'] = {
			{'Alice Mina', last = 'Mina', first = 'Alice'},
			{'Vladimiro Selva', last = 'Selva', first = 'Vladimiro'},
			},
		['heads of state'] = {
			{'Alice Mina', last = 'Mina', first = 'Alice'},
			{'Vladimiro Selva', last = 'Selva', first = 'Vladimiro'},
			},
		['captain regent'] = {
			{'Alice Mina', last = 'Mina', first = 'Alice'},
			{'Vladimiro Selva', last = 'Selva', first = 'Vladimiro'},
			},
		['captains regent'] = {
			{'Alice Mina', last = 'Mina', first = 'Alice'},
			{'Vladimiro Selva', last = 'Selva', first = 'Vladimiro'},
			},
		['head of government'] = {'Luca Beccari', last = 'Beccari', first = 'Luca'},
		['secretary of state for foreign and political affairs'] = {'Luca Beccari', last = 'Beccari', first = 'Luca'},
		},
	sao_tome_and_principe = {
		['head of state'] = {'Carlos Vila Nova', last = 'Vila Nova', first = 'Carlos'},
		['president'] = {'Carlos Vila Nova', last = 'Vila Nova', first = 'Carlos'},
		['head of government'] = {'Américo Ramos', last = 'Ramos', first = 'Américo'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Américo Ramos', last = 'Ramos', first = 'Américo'},
		},
	saudi_arabia = {
		['head of state'] = {'Salman of Saudi Arabia'}, -- Salman
		['king'] = {'Salman of Saudi Arabia'},
		['monarch'] = {'Salman of Saudi Arabia'},
		['crown prince'] = {'Mohammed bin Salman', last = 'Al Saud', first = 'Mohammed bin Salman', short = 'Mohammed'},
		['head of government'] = {'Mohammed bin Salman', last = 'Al Saud', first = 'Mohammed bin Salman', short = 'Mohammed'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Mohammed bin Salman', last = 'Al Saud', first = 'Mohammed bin Salman', short = 'Mohammed'},
		},
	senegal = {
		['head of state'] = {'Bassirou Diomaye Faye', last = 'Faye', first = 'Bassirou Diomaye'},
		['president'] = {'Bassirou Diomaye Faye', last = 'Faye', first = 'Bassirou Diomaye'},
		['head of government'] = {'Ahmadou Al Aminou Lo', last = 'Lo', first = 'Ahmadou Al Aminou'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Ahmadou Al Aminou Lo', last = 'Lo', first = 'Ahmadou Al Aminou'},
		},
	serbia = {
		['head of state'] = {'Aleksandar Vučić', last = 'Vučić', first = 'Aleksandar'},
		['president'] = {'Aleksandar Vučić', last = 'Vučić', first = 'Aleksandar'},
		['head of government'] = {'Đuro Macut', last = 'Macut', first = 'Đuro'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Đuro Macut', last = 'Macut', first = 'Đuro'},
		},
	seychelles = {
		['head of state'] = {'Patrick Herminie', last = 'Herminie', first = 'Patrick'},
		['president'] = {'Patrick Herminie', last = 'Herminie', first = 'Patrick'},
		['head of government'] = {'Patrick Herminie', last = 'Herminie', first = 'Patrick'},
		},
	sierra_leone = {
		['head of state'] = {'Julius Maada Bio', last = 'Bio', first = 'Julius Maada'},
		['president'] = {'Julius Maada Bio', last = 'Bio', first = 'Julius Maada'},
		['head of government'] = {'Julius Maada Bio', last = 'Bio', first = 'Julius Maada'},
		['chief minister'] = {'David Moinina Sengeh', last = 'Sengeh', first = 'David Moinina'},
		['prime minister'] = {'David Moinina Sengeh', last = 'Sengeh', first = 'David Moinina'},
		},
	singapore = {
		['head of state'] = {'Tharman Shanmugaratnam', last = 'Shanmugaratnam', first = 'Tharman', short = 'first'}, -- [[Tamil name]] in Western order; 'Shanmugaratnam' is a patronym
		['president'] = {'Tharman Shanmugaratnam', last = 'Shanmugaratnam', first = 'Tharman', short = 'first'},
		['head of government'] = {'Lawrence Wong', last = 'Wong', first = 'Lawrence'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Lawrence Wong', last = 'Wong', first = 'Lawrence'},
		},
	slovakia = {
		['head of state'] = {'Peter Pellegrini', last = 'Pellegrini', first = 'Peter'},
		['president'] = {'Peter Pellegrini', last = 'Pellegrini', first = 'Peter'},
		['head of government'] = {'Robert Fico', last = 'Fico', first = 'Robert'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Robert Fico', last = 'Fico', first = 'Robert'},
		},
	slovenia = {
		['head of state'] = {'Nataša Pirc Musar', last = 'Pirc Musar', first = 'Nataša'},
		['president'] = {'Nataša Pirc Musar', last = 'Pirc Musar', first = 'Nataša'},
		['head of government'] = {'Janez Janša', last = 'Janša', first = 'Janez'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Janez Janša', last = 'Janša', first = 'Janez'},
		},
	solomon_islands = {
		['head of state'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['king'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['monarch'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['queen'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['head of government'] = {'Matthew Wale', last = 'Wale', first = 'Matthew'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Matthew Wale', last = 'Wale', first = 'Matthew'},
		['governor-general'] = {'David Tiva Kapu', last = 'Kapu', first = 'David Tiva'},
		['governor general'] = {'David Tiva Kapu', last = 'Kapu', first = 'David Tiva'},
		},
	somalia = {
		['head of state'] = {'Hassan Sheikh Mohamud', last = 'Sheikh Mohamud', first = 'Hassan', short = 'first'},
		['president'] = {'Hassan Sheikh Mohamud', last = 'Sheikh Mohamud', first = 'Hassan', short = 'first'},
		['head of government'] = {'Hamza Abdi Barre', last = 'Abdi Barre', first = 'Hamza', short = 'first'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Hamza Abdi Barre', last = 'Abdi Barre', first = 'Hamza', short = 'first'},
		},
	somaliland = {
		['head of state'] = {'Abdirahman Mohamed Abdullahi', last = 'Mohamed Abdullahi', first = 'Abdirahman'},
		['president'] = {'Abdirahman Mohamed Abdullahi', last = 'Mohamed Abdullahi', first = 'Abdirahman'},
		['head of government'] = {'Abdirahman Mohamed Abdullahi', last = 'Mohamed Abdullahi', first = 'Abdirahman'},
		},
	south_africa = {
		['head of state'] = {'Cyril Ramaphosa', last = 'Ramaphosa', first = 'Cyril'},
		['president'] = {'Cyril Ramaphosa', last = 'Ramaphosa', first = 'Cyril'},
		['head of government'] = {'Cyril Ramaphosa', last = 'Ramaphosa', first = 'Cyril'},
		},
	south_ossetia = {
		['head of state'] = {'Marat Kambolov', last = 'Kambolov', first = 'Marat'},
		['president'] = {'Marat Kambolov', last = 'Kambolov', first = 'Marat'},
		['head of government'] = {'Marat Kambolov', last = 'Kambolov', first = 'Marat'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Marat Kambolov', last = 'Kambolov', first = 'Marat'},
		},
	south_sudan = {
		['head of state'] = {'Salva Kiir', last = 'Mayardit', first = 'Salva Kiir', short = 'Kiir'},
		['president'] = {'Salva Kiir', last = 'Mayardit', first = 'Salva Kiir', short = 'Kiir'},
		['head of government'] = {'Salva Kiir', last = 'Mayardit', first = 'Salva Kiir', short = 'Kiir'},
		},
	spain = {
		['head of state'] = {'Felipe VI'},
		['king'] = {'Felipe VI'},
		['monarch'] = {'Felipe VI'},
		['head of government'] = {'Pedro Sánchez', last = 'Sánchez', first = 'Pedro'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Pedro Sánchez', last = 'Sánchez', first = 'Pedro'},
		},
	sri_lanka = { -- see [[Sinhalese name]]
		['head of state'] = {'Anura Kumara Dissanayake', last = 'Dissanayake', first = 'Anura Kumara'}, -- per Sinhalese convention, full name: 'Dissanayake Mudiyanselage Anura Kumara Dissanayake'; family name: 'Dissanayake Mudiyanselage; given name = 'Anura Kumara', surname: 'Dissanayake'
		['president'] = {'Anura Kumara Dissanayake', last = 'Dissanayake', first = 'Anura Kumara'},
		['head of government'] = {'Anura Kumara Dissanayake', last = 'Dissanayake', first = 'Anura Kumara'},
		},
	sudan = { -- Transitional Sovereignty Council
		['head of state'] = {'Abdel Fattah al-Burhan', 'Malik Agar', 'Shams al-Din Kabbashi', 'Yasser al-Atta', 'Ibrahim Jabir Karim', 'El Tahrir Abubakr Hajar', 'Raja Nicola', 'Aboulgasim Mohamed Burtum', 'Yousef Jad Karim', 'Abdelbagi al-Zubeir', 'Salma Abdeljabbar'},
		['heads of state'] = {'Abdel Fattah al-Burhan', 'Malik Agar', 'Shams al-Din Kabbashi', 'Yasser al-Atta', 'Ibrahim Jabir Karim', 'El Tahrir Abubakr Hajar', 'Raja Nicola', 'Aboulgasim Mohamed Burtum', 'Yousef Jad Karim', 'Abdelbagi al-Zubeir', 'Salma Abdeljabbar'},
		['president of the transitional sovereignty council'] = {'Abdel Fattah al-Burhan', last = 'al-Burhan', first = 'Abdel Fattah'},	
		['chairman of the transitional sovereignty council'] = {'Abdel Fattah al-Burhan', last = 'al-Burhan', first = 'Abdel Fattah'},	
		['president'] = {'Abdel Fattah al-Burhan', last = 'al-Burhan', first = 'Abdel Fattah'},	
		['chairman'] = {'Abdel Fattah al-Burhan', last = 'al-Burhan', first = 'Abdel Fattah'},	
		['head of government'] = {'Kamil Idris', last = 'Idris', first = 'Kamil'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Kamil Idris', last = 'Idris', first = 'Kamil'},
		},
	suriname = {
		['head of state'] = {'Jennifer Geerlings-Simons', last = 'Geerlings-Simons', first = 'Jennifer'},
		['president'] = {'Jennifer Geerlings-Simons', last = 'Geerlings-Simons', first = 'Jennifer'},
		['head of government'] = {'Jennifer Geerlings-Simons', last = 'Geerlings-Simons', first = 'Jennifer'},
		},
	sweden = {
		['head of state'] = {'Carl XVI Gustaf'},
		['king'] = {'Carl XVI Gustaf'},
		['monarch'] = {'Carl XVI Gustaf'},
		['head of government'] = {'Ulf Kristersson', last = 'Kristersson', first = 'Ulf'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Ulf Kristersson', last = 'Kristersson', first = 'Ulf'},
		},
	switzerland = {
		['head of state'] = {
			{'Guy Parmelin', last = 'Parmelin', first = 'Guy'},
			{'Ignazio Cassis', last = 'Cassis', first = 'Ignazio'},
			{'Karin Keller-Sutter', last = 'Keller-Sutter', first = 'Karin'},
			{'Albert Rösti', last = 'Rösti', first = 'Albert'},
			{'Élisabeth Baume-Schneider', last = 'Baume-Schneider', first = 'Élisabeth'},
			{'Beat Jans', last = 'Jans', first = 'Beat'},
			{'Martin Pfister', last = 'Pfister', first = 'Martin'},
			},
		['heads of state'] = {
			{'Guy Parmelin', last = 'Parmelin', first = 'Guy'},
			{'Ignazio Cassis', last = 'Cassis', first = 'Ignazio'},
			{'Karin Keller-Sutter', last = 'Keller-Sutter', first = 'Karin'},
			{'Albert Rösti', last = 'Rösti', first = 'Albert'},
			{'Élisabeth Baume-Schneider', last = 'Baume-Schneider', first = 'Élisabeth'},
			{'Beat Jans', last = 'Jans', first = 'Beat'},
			{'Martin Pfister', last = 'Pfister', first = 'Martin'},
			},
		['bundesrat'] = {
			{'Guy Parmelin', last = 'Parmelin', first = 'Guy'},
			{'Ignazio Cassis', last = 'Cassis', first = 'Ignazio'},
			{'Karin Keller-Sutter', last = 'Keller-Sutter', first = 'Karin'},
			{'Albert Rösti', last = 'Rösti', first = 'Albert'},
			{'Élisabeth Baume-Schneider', last = 'Baume-Schneider', first = 'Élisabeth'},
			{'Beat Jans', last = 'Jans', first = 'Beat'},
			{'Martin Pfister', last = 'Pfister', first = 'Martin'},
			},
		['federal council'] = {
			{'Guy Parmelin', last = 'Parmelin', first = 'Guy'},
			{'Ignazio Cassis', last = 'Cassis', first = 'Ignazio'},
			{'Karin Keller-Sutter', last = 'Keller-Sutter', first = 'Karin'},
			{'Albert Rösti', last = 'Rösti', first = 'Albert'},
			{'Élisabeth Baume-Schneider', last = 'Baume-Schneider', first = 'Élisabeth'},
			{'Beat Jans', last = 'Jans', first = 'Beat'},
			{'Martin Pfister', last = 'Pfister', first = 'Martin'},
			},
		['head of government'] = {
			{'Guy Parmelin', last = 'Parmelin', first = 'Guy'},
			{'Ignazio Cassis', last = 'Cassis', first = 'Ignazio'},
			{'Karin Keller-Sutter', last = 'Keller-Sutter', first = 'Karin'},
			{'Albert Rösti', last = 'Rösti', first = 'Albert'},
			{'Élisabeth Baume-Schneider', last = 'Baume-Schneider', first = 'Élisabeth'},
			{'Beat Jans', last = 'Jans', first = 'Beat'},
			{'Martin Pfister', last = 'Pfister', first = 'Martin'},
			},
		},
	syria = {
		['head of state'] = {'Ahmed al-Sharaa', last = 'al-Sharaa', first = 'Ahmed'},
		['president'] = {'Ahmed al-Sharaa', last = 'al-Sharaa', first = 'Ahmed'},
		['head of government'] = {'Ahmed al-Sharaa', last = 'al-Sharaa', first = 'Ahmed'},
		},

	-- T --
	tajikistan = {
		['head of state'] = {'Emomali Rahmon', last = 'Rahmon', first = 'Emomali'},
		['president'] = {'Emomali Rahmon', last = 'Rahmon', first = 'Emomali'},
		['head of government'] = {'Kokhir Rasulzoda', last = 'Rasulzoda', first = 'Kokhir'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Kokhir Rasulzoda', last = 'Rasulzoda', first = 'Kokhir'},
		},
	tanzania = {
		['head of state'] = {'Samia Suluhu Hassan', last = 'Suluhu Hassan', first = 'Samia', short = 'Suluhu'},
		['president'] = {'Samia Suluhu Hassan', last = 'Suluhu Hassan', first = 'Samia', short = 'Suluhu'},
		['head of government'] = {'Samia Suluhu Hassan', last = 'Suluhu Hassan', first = 'Samia', short = 'Suluhu'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Mwigulu Nchemba', last = 'Nchemba', first ='Mwigulu'},
		},
	thailand = {
		['head of state'] = {'Vajiralongkorn'},
		['king'] = {'Vajiralongkorn'},
		['monarch'] = {'Vajiralongkorn'},
		['head of government'] = {'Anutin Charnvirakul', last = 'Charnvirakul', first = 'Anutin'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Anutin Charnvirakul', last = 'Charnvirakul', first = 'Anutin'},
		},
	taiwan = {
		['head of state'] = {'Lai Ching-te', last = 'Lai', first = 'Ching-te', last_first = true},
		['president'] = {'Lai Ching-te', last = 'Lai', first = 'Ching-te', last_first = true},
		['head of government'] = {'Cho Jung-tai', last = 'Cho', first = 'Jung-tai', last_first = true},
		['premier'] = {'Cho Jung-tai', last = 'Cho', first = 'Jung-tai', last_first = true},
		},
	timor_leste = {
		['head of state'] = {'José Ramos-Horta', last = 'Ramos-Horta', first = 'José'},
		['president'] = {'José Ramos-Horta', last = 'Ramos-Horta', first = 'José'},
		['head of government'] = {'Xanana Gusmão', last = 'Gusmão', first = 'Xanana'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Xanana Gusmão', last = 'Gusmão', first = 'Xanana'},
		},
	togo = {
		['head of state'] = {'Jean-Lucien Savi de Tové', last = 'Savi de Tové', first = 'Jean-Lucien'},
		['president'] = {'Jean-Lucien Savi de Tové', last = 'Savi de Tové', first = 'Jean-Lucien'},
		['head of government'] = {'Faure Gnassingbé', last = 'Gnassingbé', first = 'Faure'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Faure Gnassingbé', last = 'Gnassingbé', first = 'Faure'},
		},
	tonga = {
		['head of state'] = {'Tupou VI'},
		['king'] = {'Tupou VI'},
		['monarch'] = {'Tupou VI'},
		['head of government'] = {'Fatafehi Fakafānua', last = 'Fakafānua', first = 'Fatafehi'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Fatafehi Fakafānua', last = 'Fakafānua', first = 'Fatafehi'},
		},
	transnistria = {
		['head of state'] = {'Vadim Krasnoselsky', last = 'Krasnoselsky', first = 'Vadim'},
		['president'] = {'Vadim Krasnoselsky', last = 'Krasnoselsky', first = 'Vadim'},
		['head of government'] = {'Aleksandr Rozenberg', last = 'Rozenberg', first = 'Aleksandr'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Aleksandr Rozenberg', last = 'Rozenberg', first = 'Aleksandr'},
		},
	trinidad_and_tobago = {
		['head of state'] = {'Christine Kangaloo', last = 'Kangaloo', first = 'Christine'},
		['president'] = {'Christine Kangaloo', last = 'Kangaloo', first = 'Christine'},
		['head of government'] = {'Kamla Persad-Bissessar', last = 'Persad-Bissessar', first = 'Kamla'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Kamla Persad-Bissessar', last = 'Persad-Bissessar', first = 'Kamla'},
		},
	tunisia = {
		['head of state'] = {'Kais Saied', last = 'Saied', first = 'Kais'},
		['president'] = {'Kais Saied', last = 'Saied', first = 'Kais'},
		['head of government'] = {'Sara Zaafarani', last = 'Zaafarani', first = 'Sara'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Sara Zaafarani', last = 'Zaafarani', first = 'Sara'},
		},
	turkey = {
		['head of state'] = {'Recep Tayyip Erdoğan', last = 'Erdoğan', first = 'Recep Tayyip'},
		['president'] = {'Recep Tayyip Erdoğan', last = 'Erdoğan', first = 'Recep Tayyip'},
		['head of government'] = {'Recep Tayyip Erdoğan', last = 'Erdoğan', first = 'Recep Tayyip'},
		},
	turkmenistan = {
		['head of state'] = {'Serdar Berdimuhamedow', last = 'Berdimuhamedow', first = 'Serdar'},
		['president'] = {'Serdar Berdimuhamedow', last = 'Berdimuhamedow', first = 'Serdar'},
		['head of government'] = {'Serdar Berdimuhamedow', last = 'Berdimuhamedow', first = 'Serdar'},
		['chairman of the people\'s council of turkmenistan'] = {'Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow', last = 'Berdimuhamedow', first = 'Gurbanguly'},
		['chairman'] = {'Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow', last = 'Berdimuhamedow', first = 'Gurbanguly'},
		},
	tuvalu = {
		['head of state'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['king'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['monarch'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['queen'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['head of government'] = {'Feleti Teo', last = 'Teo', first = 'Feleti'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Feleti Teo', last = 'Teo', first = 'Feleti'},
		['governor-general'] = {'Tofiga Vaevalu Falani', last = 'Falani', first = 'Tofiga Vaevalu'},
		['governor general'] = {'Tofiga Vaevalu Falani', last = 'Falani', first = 'Tofiga Vaevalu'},
		},

	-- U --
	uganda = {
		['head of state'] = {'Yoweri Museveni', last = 'Museveni', first = 'Yoweri'},
		['president'] = {'Yoweri Museveni', last = 'Museveni', first = 'Yoweri'},
		['head of government'] = {'Yoweri Museveni', last = 'Museveni', first = 'Yoweri'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Robinah Nabbanja', last = 'Nabbanja', first = 'Robinah'},
		},
	ukraine = {
		['head of state'] = {'Volodymyr Zelenskyy', last = 'Zelenskyy', first = 'Volodymyr'},
		['president'] = {'Volodymyr Zelenskyy', last = 'Zelenskyy', first = 'Volodymyr'},
		['head of government'] = {'Serhii Koretskyi', last = 'Koretskyi', first = 'Serhii'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Serhii Koretskyi', last = 'Koretskyi', first = 'Serhii'},
		},
	united_arab_emirates = {
		['head of state'] = {'Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan', last = 'Al Nahyan', first = 'Mohamed bin Zayed', short = 'first'},
		['monarch'] = {'Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan', last = 'Al Nahyan', first = 'Mohamed bin Zayed', short = 'first'},
		['president'] = {'Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan', last = 'Al Nahyan', first = 'Mohamed bin Zayed', short = 'first'},
		['head of government'] = {'Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum', last = 'Al Maktoum', first = 'Mohammed bin Rashid', short = 'first'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum', last = 'Al Maktoum', first = 'Mohammed bin Rashid', short = 'first'},
		},
	united_kingdom = {
		['head of state'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['king'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['monarch'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['queen'] = multi_t.commonwealth,
		['head of government'] = {'Andy Burnham', last = 'Burnham', first = 'Andy'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Andy Burnham', last = 'Burnham', first = 'Andy'},
		},
	united_states = {
		['head of state'] = {'Donald Trump', last = 'Trump', first = 'Donald'},
		['president'] = {'Donald Trump', last = 'Trump', first = 'Donald'},
		['head of government'] = {'Donald Trump', last = 'Trump', first = 'Donald'},
		},
	uruguay = {
		['head of state'] = {'Yamandú Orsi', last = 'Orsi', first = 'Yamandú'},
		['president'] = {'Yamandú Orsi', last = 'Orsi', first = 'Yamandú'},
		['head of government'] = {'Yamandú Orsi', last = 'Orsi', first = 'Yamandú'},
		},
	uzbekistan = {
		['head of state'] = {'Shavkat Mirziyoyev', last = 'Mirziyoyev', first = 'Shavkat'},
		['president'] = {'Shavkat Mirziyoyev', last = 'Mirziyoyev', first = 'Shavkat'},
		['head of government'] = {'Abdulla Aripov', last = 'Aripov', first = 'Abdulla'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Abdulla Aripov', last = 'Aripov', first = 'Abdulla'},
		},

	-- V --
	vanuatu = {
		['head of state'] = {'Yoweri Museveni', last = 'Museveni', first = 'Yoweri'},
		['president'] = {'Yoweri Museveni', last = 'Museveni', first = 'Yoweri'},
		['head of government'] = {'Jotham Napat', last = 'Napat', first = 'Jotham'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Jotham Napat', last = 'Napat', first = 'Jotham'},
		},
	vatican_city = {
		['head of state'] = {'Pope Leo XIV', short = 'Leo XIV'},				-- when vacant use: {'sede vacante', short = ''}
		['pope'] = {'Pope Leo XIV', short = 'Leo XIV'},							-- same as head of state
		['monarch'] = {'Pope Leo XIV', short = 'Leo XIV'},						-- same as head of state
		['sovereign'] = {'Pope Leo XIV', short = 'Leo XIV'},					-- same as head of state
		['head of government'] = {'Raffaella Petrini', last = 'Petrini', first = 'Raffaella'},
		['president of the governorate'] = {'Raffaella Petrini', last = 'Petrini', first = 'Raffaella'},
		['president'] = {'Raffaella Petrini', last = 'Petrini', first = 'Raffaella'},
		},
	venezuela = {
		['head of state'] = {'Nicolás Maduro', last = 'Maduro', first = 'Nicolás'},
		['president'] = {'Nicolás Maduro', last = 'Maduro', first = 'Nicolás'},
		['head of government'] = {'Nicolás Maduro', last = 'Maduro', first = 'Nicolás'},
		['acting head of state'] = {'Delcy Rodríguez', last = 'Rodríguez', first = 'Delcy'},
		['acting president'] = {'Delcy Rodríguez', last = 'Rodríguez', first = 'Delcy'},
		['acting head of government'] = {'Delcy Rodríguez', last = 'Rodríguez', first = 'Delcy'},
		},
	vietnam = {
		['head of state'] = {'Tô Lâm', last = 'Tô', first = 'Lâm', last_first = true},
		['president'] = {'Tô Lâm', last = 'Tô', first = 'Lâm', last_first = true},
		['head of government'] = {'Lê Minh Hưng', last = 'Lê Minh', first = 'Hưng', last_first = true},
		['prime minister'] = {'Lê Minh Hưng', last = 'Lê Minh', first = 'Hưng', last_first = true},
		['general secretary'] = {'Tô Lâm', last = 'Tô', first = 'Lâm', last_first = true},
		},

	-- W --
	western_sahara = {
		['head of state'] = {'Brahim Ghali', last = 'Ghali', first = 'Brahim'},
		['president'] = {'Brahim Ghali', last = 'Ghali', first = 'Brahim'},
		['head of government'] = {'Bouchraya Hammoudi Bayoun', last = 'Hammoudi Bayoun', first = 'Bouchraya', short = 'first'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Bouchraya Hammoudi Bayoun', last = 'Hammoudi Bayoun', first = 'Bouchraya', short = 'first'},
		},

	-- X --
	-- (none)

	-- Y --
	yemen = { -- Presidential Leadership Council
		['head of state'] = {'Rashad al-Alimi', last = 'al-Alimi', first = 'Rashad'},
		['president'] = {'Rashad al-Alimi', last = 'al-Alimi', first = 'Rashad'},
		['chairman'] = {'Rashad al-Alimi', last = 'al-Alimi', first = 'Rashad'},
		['president of the presidential leadership council of the republic of yemen'] = {'Rashad al-Alimi', last = 'al-Alimi', first = 'Rashad'},
		['chairman of the presidential leadership council of the republic of yemen'] = {'Rashad al-Alimi', last = 'al-Alimi', first = 'Rashad'},
		['head of government'] = {'Shaya al-Zindani', last = 'al-Zindani', first ='Shaya'},
		['prime minister'] = {'Shaya al-Zindani', last = 'al-Zindani', first ='Shaya'},
		},

	-- Z --
	zambia = {
		['head of state'] = {'Hakainde Hichilema', last = 'Hichilema', first = 'Hakainde'},
		['president'] = {'Hakainde Hichilema', last = 'Hichilema', first = 'Hakainde'},
		['head of government'] = {'Hakainde Hichilema', last = 'Hichilema', first = 'Hakainde'},
		},
	zimbabwe = {
		['head of state'] = {'Emmerson Mnangagwa', last = 'Mnangagwa', first = 'Emmerson'},
		['president'] = {'Emmerson Mnangagwa', last = 'Mnangagwa', first = 'Emmerson'},
		['head of government'] = {'Emmerson Mnangagwa', last = 'Mnangagwa', first = 'Emmerson'},
		},
	}


--[[--------------------------< N O _ L I N K _ N A M E _ T >--------------------------------------------------

For use then an office holder name should never be linked: ['president'] = 'vacant' for example.  keys in this
table are always lowercase

]]

local no_link_name_t = {
	disputed = true,
	['sede vacante'] = true,													-- papal vacancy
	vacant = true,
	}


--[[--------------------------< S P E C I A L _ T >------------------------------------------------------------

special no-link names.  keys in this table must be lowercase and must exactly match the keys in <no_link_name_t>.
values in this table are passed through frame:preprocess()

]]

local special_t = {
	['sede vacante'] = '{{lang|la|[[sede vacante]]}}',							-- papal vacancy
	}


--[[--------------------------< C O U N T R Y _ S Y N O N Y M S _ L I S T _ T >--------------------------------

Synonyms to retrieve data for soveriegn states listed in <country_data_t>.

Sovereign states are listed in alphabetical order.  Each state's synonym list begins with the country name
followed by synonyms including ISO 3166 country codes.  Country-name synonyms are ordered by length longest
synonym first.  Single apostrophe characters in synonyms must be escaped: 'côte d\'ivoire' not 'côte d'ivoire'.

Keys in this table must exactly match the keys in the country-data table <country_data_t>. Keys must be all
lowercase; whitespace in keys is not allowed, write 'antigua_and_barbuda' not 'antigua and barbuda'.

]]

local country_synonyms_list_t = {
	-- A --
	abkhazia = {
		'abkhazia',
		'republic of abkhazia',
		},
	afghanistan = {
		'afghanistan',
		'taliban',
		'islamic emirate of afghanistan',
		'afg',
		'af',
		},
	albania = {
		'albania',
		'republic of albania',
		'alb',
		'al',
		},
	algeria = {
		'algeria',
		'people\'s democratic republic of algeria',
		'dza',
		'dz',
		},
	andorra = {
		'andorra',
		'principality of andorra',
		'and',
		'ad',
		},
	angola = {
		'angola',
		'republic of angola',
		'ago',
		'ao',
		},
	antigua_and_barbuda = {
		'antigua and barbuda',
		'antigua',
		'barbuda',
		'atg',
		'ag',
		},
	argentina = {
		'argentina',
		'argentine republic',
		'arg',
		'ar',
		},
	armenia = {
		'armenia',
		'republic of armenia',
		'arm',
		'am',
		},
	australia = {
		'australia',
		'commonwealth of australia',
		'aus',
		'au',
		},
	austria = {
		'austria',
		'republic of austria',
		'aut',
		'at',
		},
	azerbaijan = {
		'azerbaijan',
		'republic of azerbaijan',
		'aze',
		'az',
		},

	-- B --
	bahamas = {
		'bahamas',
		'the bahamas',
		'commonwealth of the bahamas',
		'bhs',
		'bs',
		},
	bahrain = {
		'bahrain',
		'kingdom of bahrain',
		'bhr',
		'bh',
		},
	bangladesh = {
		'bangladesh',
		'people\'s republic of bangladesh',
		'bgd',
		'bd',
		},
	barbados = {
		'barbados',
		'brb',
		'bb',
		},
	belarus = {
		'belarus',
		'republic of belarus',
		'blr',
		'by',
		},
	belgium = {
		'belgium',
		'kingdom of belgium',
		'bel',
		'be',
		},
	belize = {
		'belize',
		'blz',
		'bz',
		},
	benin = {
		'benin',
		'dahomey',
		'republic of benin',
		'ben',
		'bj',
		},
	bhutan = {
		'bhutan',
		'kingdom of bhutan',
		'btn',
		'bt',
		},
	bolivia = {
		'bolivia',
		'plurinational state of bolivia',
		'bol',
		'bo',
		},
	bosnia_and_herzegovina = {
		'bosnia and herzegovina',
		'bosnia-herzegovina',
		'bosnia',
		'herzegovina',
		'bih',
		'ba',
		},
	botswana = {
		'botswana',
		'republic of botswana',
		'bwa',
		'bw',
		},
	brazil = {
		'brazil',
		'brasil',
		'federative republic of brazil',
		'bra',
		'br',
		},
	brunei = {
		'brunei',
		'brunei darussalam',
		'brn',
		'bn',
		},
	bulgaria = {
		'bulgaria',
		'republic of bulgaria',
		'bgr',
		'br',
		},
	burkina_faso = {
		'burkina faso',
		'bfa',
		'bf',
		},
	burundi = {
		'burundi',
		'republic of burundi',
		'bdi',
		'bi',
		},

	-- C --
	cambodia = {
		'cambodia',
		'kampuchea',
		'kingdom of cambodia',
		'khm',
		'kh',
		},
	cameroon = {
		'cameroon',
		'republic of cameroon',
		'cmr',
		'cm',
		},
	canada = {
		'canada',
		'can',
		'ca',
		},
	cape_verde = {
		'cape verde',
		'cabo verde',
		'republic of cabo verde',
		'cpv',
		'cv',
		},
	central_african_republic = {
		'central african republic',
		'car',
		'caf',
		'cf',
		},
	chad = {
		'chad',
		'republic of chad',
		'tcd',
		'td',
		},
	chile = {
		'chile',
		'republic of chile',
		'chl',
		'cl',
		},
	china = {
		'china',
		'mainland china',
		'people\'s republic of china',
		'prc',
		'chn',
		'cn',
		},
	colombia = {
		'colombia',
		'republic of colombia',
		'col',
		'co',
		},
	comoros = {
		'comoros',
		'the comoros',
		'union of the comoros',
		'com',
		'km',
		},
	democratic_republic_of_the_congo = {
		'democratic republic of the congo',
		'zaire',
		'congo-kinshasa',
		'dr congo',
		'drc',
		'cod',
		'cd',
		},
	republic_of_the_congo = {
		'republic of the congo',
		'congo republic',
		'congo-brazzaville,',
		'cog',
		'cg',
		},
	cook_islands = {
		'cook islands',
		'the cook islands',
		'cok',
		'ck',
		},
	costa_rica = {
		'costa rica',
		'republic of costa rica',
		'cri',
		'cr',
		},
	croatia = {
		'croatia',
		'hrvatska',
		'republic of croatia',
		'hrv',
		'hr',
		},
	cuba = {
		'cuba',
		'republic of cuba',
		'cub',
		'cu',
		},
	cyprus = {
		'cyprus',
		'republic of cyprus',
		'cyp',
		'cy',
		},
	czech_republic = {
		'czech republic',
		'czechia',
		'bohemia',
		'cze',
		'cz',
		},

	-- D --
	denmark = {
		'denmark',
		'danish realm',
		'rigsfællesskabet',
		'rigsfaellesskabet',
		'danish commonwealth',
		'united kingdom of denmark',
		'kingdom of denmark',
		'dnk',
		'dk',
		},
	djibouti = {
		'djibouti',
		'republic of djibouti',
		'dji',
		'dj',
		},
	dominica = {
		'dominica',
		'commonwealth of dominica',
		'dma',
		'dm',
		},
	dominican_republic = {
		'dominican republic',
		'dom',
		'do',
		},

	-- E --
	ecuador = {
		'ecuador',
		'republic of ecuador',
		'ecu',
		'ec',
		},
	egypt = {
		'egypt',
		'arab republic of egypt',
		'egy',
		'eg',
		},
	el_salvador = {
		'el salvador',
		'republic of el salvador',
		'slv',
		'sv',
		},
	equatorial_guinea = {
		'equatorial guinea',
		'republic of equatorial guinea',
		'eqg',
		'gnq',
		'gq',
		},
	eritrea = {
		'eritrea',
		'state of eritrea',
		'eri',
		'er',
		},
	estonia = {
		'estonia',
		'republic of estonia',
		'est',
		'ew',
		},
	eswatini = {
		'eswatini',
		'swaziland',
		'kangwane',
		'kingdom of eswatini',
		'kingdom of swaziland',
		'swz',
		'sz',
		},
	ethiopia = {
		'ethiopia',
		'federal democratic republic of ethiopia',
		'rdre',
		'eth',
		'et',
		},

	-- F --
	fiji = {
		'fiji',
		'republic of fiji',
		'fji',
		'fj',
		},
	finland = {
		'finland',
		'republic of finland',
		'fin',
		'fi',
		},
	france = {
		'france',
		'french republic',
		'fra',
		'fr',
		},

	-- G --
	gabon = {
		'gabon',
		'gabonese republic',
		'gab',
		'ga',
		},
	gambia = {
		'the gambia',
		'gambia',
		'republic of the gambia',
		'gmb',
		'gm',
		},
	georgia = {
		'georgia',
		'georgia (country)',
		'sakartvelo',
		'geo',
		'ge',
		},
	germany = {
		'germany',
		'deutschland',
		'federal republic of germany',
		'deu',
		'de',
		},
	ghana = {
		'ghana',
		'republic of ghana',
		'gha',
		'gh',
		},
	greece = {
		'greece',
		'hellenic republic',
		'grc',
		'gr',
		},
	grenada = {
		'grenada',
		'grd',
		'gd',
		},
	guatemala = {
		'guatemala',
		'republic of guatemala',
		'gtm',
		'gt',
		},
	guinea = {
		'guinea',
		'guinea-conakry',
		'republic of guinea',
		'gin',
		'gn',
		},
	guinea_bissau = {
		'guinea-bissau',
		'guinea bissau',
		'republic of guinea-bissau',
		'gnb',
		'gw',
		},
	guyana = {
		'guyana',
		'co-operative republic of guyana',
		'cooperative republic of guyana',
		'guy',
		'gy',
		},

	-- H --
	haiti = {
		'haiti',
		'republic of haiti',
		'hti',
		'ht',
		},
	honduras = {
		'honduras',
		'republic of honduras',
		'hnd',
		'hn',
		},
	hungary = {
		'hungary',
		'hun',
		'hu',
		},

	-- I --
	iceland = {
		'iceland',
		'republic of iceland',
		'isl',
		'is',
		},
	india = {
		'india',
		'republic of india',
		'ind',
		'in',
		},
	indonesia = {
		'indonesia',
		'republic of indonesia',
		'idn',
		'id',
		},
	iran = {
		'iran',
		'persia',
		'islamic republic of iran',
		'irn',
		'ir',
		},
	iraq = {
		'iraq',
		'republic of iraq',
		'irq',
		'iq',
		},
	ireland = {
		'ireland',
		'republic of ireland',
		'éire',
		'eire',
		'erin',
		'roi',
		'irl',
		'ie',
		},
	israel = {
		'israel',
		'state of israel',
		'isr',
		'il',
		},
	italy = {
		'italy',
		'italian republic',
		'ita',
		'it',
		},
	ivory_coast = {
		'ivory coast',
		'côte d\'ivoire',
		'cote d\'ivoire',
		'republic of côte d\'ivoire',
		'republic of cote d\'ivoire',
		'republic of ivory coast',
		'civ',
		'ci',
		},

	-- J --
	jamaica = {
		'jamaica',
		'jam',
		'jm',
		},
	japan = {
		'japan',
		'nippon',
		'nihon',
		'jpn',
		'jp',
		},
	jordan = {
		'jordan',
		'hashemite kingdom of jordan',
		'jor',
		'jo',
		},

	-- K --
	kazakhstan = {
		'kazakhstan',
		'qazaqstan',
		'republic of kazakhstan',
		'kaz',
		'kz',
		},
	kenya = {
		'kenya',
		'republic of kenya',
		'ken',
		'ke',
		},
	kiribati = {
		'kiribati',
		'republic of kiribati',
		'kir',
		'ki',
		},
	kosovo = {
		'kosovo',
		'republic of kosovo',
		'xkx',
		'xk',
		},
	kuwait = {
		'kuwait',
		'state of kuwait',
		'kwt',
		'kw',
		},
	kyrgyzstan = {
		'kyrgyzstan',
		'kirghizia',
		'kyrgyzia',
		'kyrgyz republic',
		'kgz',
		'kg',
		},

	-- L --
	laos = {
		'laos',
		'lao people\'s democratic republic',
		'lpdr',
		'lao',
		'la',
		},
	latvia = {
		'latvia',
		'republic of latvia',
		'lva',
		'lv',
		},
	lebanon = {
		'lebanon',
		'lebanese republic',
		'republic of lebanon',
		'lbn',
		'lb',
		},
	lesotho = {
		'lesotho',
		'kingdom of lesotho',
		'lso',
		'ls',
		},
	liberia = {
		'liberia',
		'republic of liberia',
		'lbr',
		'lr',
		},
	libya = {
		'libya',
		'state of libya',
		'lby',
		'ly',
		},
	liechtenstein = {
		'liechtenstein',
		'principality of liechtenstein',
		'lie',
		'li',
		},
	lithuania = {
		'lithuania',
		'republic of lithuania',
		'ltu',
		'lt',
		},
	luxembourg = {
		'luxembourg',
		'grand duchy of luxembourg',
		'lux',
		'lx',
		},

	-- M --
	madagascar = {
		'madagascar',
		'republic of madagascar',
		'mdg',
		'mg',
		},
	malawi = {
		'malawi',
		'republic of malawi',
		'mwi',
		'mw',
		},
	malaysia = {
		'malaysia',
		'mys',
		'my',
		},
	maldives = {
		'maldives',
		'the maldives',
		'maldive islands',
		'the maldive islands',
		'republic of maldives',
		'republic of the maldives',
		'mdv',
		'mv',
		},
	mali = {
		'mali',
		'republic of mali',
		'mli',
		'ml',
		},
	malta = {
		'malta',
		'republic of malta',
		'mlt',
		'mt',
		},
	marshall_islands = {
		'marshall islands',
		'the marshall islands',
		'republic of the marshall islands',
		'mhl',
		'mh',
		},
	mauritania = {
		'mauritania',
		'islamic republic of mauritania',
		'mrt',
		'mr',
		},
	mauritius = {
		'mauritius',
		'republic of mauritius',
		'mus',
		'mu',
		},
	mexico = {
		'mexico',
		'united mexican states',
		'mex',
		'mx',
		},
	micronesia = {
		'micronesia',
		'federated states of micronesia',
		'fsm',
		'fm',
		},
	moldova = {
		'moldova',
		'republic of moldova',
		'mda',
		'md',
		},
	monaco = {
		'monaco',
		'principality of monaco',
		'mco',
		'mc',
		},
	mongolia = {
		'mongolia',
		'mng',
		'mn',
		},
	montenegro = {
		'montenegro',
		'mne',
		'me',
		},
	morocco = {
		'morocco',
		'kingdom of morocco',
		'mar',
		'ma',
		},
	mozambique = {
		'mozambique',
		'republic of mozambique',
		'moz',
		'mz',
		},
	myanmar = {
		'myanmar',
		'burma',
		'republic of the union of myanmar',
		'republic of the union of burma',
		'mmr',
		'mm',
		},

	-- N --
	namibia = {
		'namibia',
		'republic of namibia',
		'nam',
		'na',
		},
	nauru = {
		'nauru',
		'naoero',
		'pleasant island',
		'republic of nauru',
		'republic of naoero',
		'nru',
		'nr',
		},
	nepal = {
		'nepal',
		'federal democratic republic of nepal',
		'npl',
		'np',
		},
	netherlands = {
		'netherlands',
		'the netherlands',
		'holland',
		'kingdom of the netherlands',
		'nld',
		'nl',
		},
	new_zealand = {
		'new zealand',
		'aotearoa',
		'nzl',
		'nz',
		},
	nicaragua = {
		'nicaragua',
		'republic of nicaragua',
		'nic',
		'ni',
		},
	niger = {
		'niger',
		'the niger',
		'republic of the niger',
		'republic of niger',
		'ner',
		'ne',
		},
	nigeria = {
		'nigeria',
		'federal republic of nigeria',
		'nga',
		'ng',
		},
	niue = {
		'niue',
		'niu',
		'nu',
		},
	north_korea = {
		'north korea',
		'democratic people\'s republic of korea',
		'dpr korea',
		'dprk',
		'prk',
		'kp',
		},
	north_macedonia = {
		'north macedonia',
		'macedonia',
		'republic of north macedonia',
		'former yugoslav republic of macedonia',
		'fyrom',
		'mkd',
		'mk',
		},
	northern_cyprus = {
		'northern cyprus',
		'turkish republic of northern cyprus',
		'trnc',
		},
	norway = {
		'norway',
		'kingdom of norway',
		'nor',
		'no',
		},

	-- O --
	oman = {
		'oman',
		'sultanate of oman',
		'omn',
		'om',
		},

	-- P --
	pakistan = {
		'pakistan',
		'islamic republic of pakistan',
		'pak',
		'pk',
		},
	palau = {
		'palau',
		'republic of palau',
		'plw',
		'pw',
		},
	palestine = {
		'palestine',
		'palestinian territories',
		'occupied palestinian territory',
		'palestinian authority',
		'state of palestine',
		'pse',
		'ps',
		},
	panama = {
		'panama',
		'republic of panama',
		'pan',
		'pa',
		},
	papua_new_guinea = {
		'papua new guinea',
		'new guinea',
		'papua',
		'independent state of papua new guinea',
		'png',
		'pg',
		},
	paraguay = {
		'paraguay',
		'republic of paraguay',
		'pry',
		'py',
		},
	peru = {
		'peru',
		'republic of peru',
		'per',
		'pe',
		},
	philippines = {
		'philippines',
		'the philippines',
		'republic of the philippines',
		'phl',
		'ph',
		},
	poland = {
		'poland',
		'republic of poland',
		'pol',
		'pl',
		},
	portugal = {
		'portugal',
		'portuguese republic',
		'prt',
		'pt',
		},

	-- Q --
	qatar = {
		'qatar',
		'state of qatar',
		'qat',
		'qa',
		},

	-- R --
	romania = {
		'romania',
		'rou',
		'ro',
		},
	russia = {
		'russia',
		'russian federation',
		'rus',
		'ru',
		},
	rwanda = {
		'rwanda',
		'republic of rwanda',
		'rwa',
		'rw',
		},

	-- S --
	saint_kitts_and_nevis = {
		'saint kitts and nevis',
		'saint christopher and nevis',
		'st. christopher and nevis',
		'st. kitts and nevis',
		'saint christopher',
		'st. christopher',
		'saint kitts',
		'st. kitts',
		'nevis',
		'federation of saint christopher and nevis',
		'federation of saint kitts and nevis',
		'skn',
		'kna',
		'kn',
		},
	saint_lucia = {
		'saint lucia',
		'st. lucia',
		'lca',
		'lc',
		},
	saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines = {
		'saint vincent and the grenadines',
		'st. vincent and the grenadines',
		'saint vincent',
		'st. vincent',
		'the grenadines',
		'grenadines',
		'svg',
		'vct',
		'vc',
		},
	samoa = {
		'samoa',
		'western samoa',
		'independent state of samoa',
		'wsm',
		'ws',
		},
	san_marino = {
		'san marino',
		'republic of san marino',
		'most serene republic of san marino',
		'rsm',
		'smr',
		'sm',
		},
	sao_tome_and_principe = {
		'são tomé and príncipe',
		'sao tome and principe',
		'são tomé',
		'sao tome',
		'príncipe',
		'principe',
		'democratic republic of sao tome and principe',
		'democratic republic of são tomé and príncipe',
		'stp',
		'st',
		},
	saudi_arabia = {
		'saudi arabia',
		'kingdom of saudi arabia',
		'ksa',
		'sau',
		'sa',
		},
	senegal = {
		'senegal',
		'sénégal',
		'republic of senegal',
		'sen',
		'sn',
		},
	serbia = {
		'serbia',
		'republic of serbia',
		'srb',
		'rs',
		},
	seychelles = {
		'seychelles',
		'republic of seyschelles',
		'the seyschelles',
		'syc',
		'sc',
		},
	sierra_leone = {
		'sierra leone',
		'republic of sierra leone',
		'sle',
		'sl',
		},
	singapore = {
		'singapore',
		'republic of singapore',
		'sgp',
		'sg',
		},
	slovakia = {
		'slovakia',
		'slovak republic',
		'svk',
		'sk',
		},
	slovenia = {
		'slovenia',
		'republic of slovenia',
		'svn',
		'si',
		},
	solomon_islands = {
		'solomon islands',
		'the solomon islands',
		'solomons',
		'the solomons',
		'slb',
		'sb',
		},
	somalia = {
		'somalia',
		'federal republic of somalia',
		'som',
		'so',
		},
	somaliland = {
		'somaliland',
		'republic of somaliland',
		},
	south_africa = {
		'south africa',
		'republic of south africa',
		'rsa',
		'zaf',
		'za',
		},
	south_korea = {
		'south korea',
		'republic of korea',
		'rok',
		'kor',
		'kr',
		},
	south_ossetia = {
		'south ossetia',
		'south ossetia–alania',
		'republic of south ossetia–the state of alania',
		'republic of south ossetia–state of alania',
		'republic of south ossetia',
		'state of alania',
		'alania',
		},
	south_sudan = {
		'south sudan',
		'republic of south sudan',
		'ssd',
		'ss',
		},
	spain = {
		'spain',
		'españa',
		'espana',
		'kingdom of spain',
		'esp',
		'es',
		},
	sri_lanka = {
		'sri lanka',
		'ceylon',
		'democratic socialist republic of sri lanka',
		'lka',
		'lk',
		},
	sudan = {
		'sudan',
		'the sudan',
		'republic of the sudan',
		'republic of sudan',
		'sdn',
		'sd',
		},
	suriname = {
		'suriname',
		'republic of suriname',
		'sur',
		'sr',
		},
	sweden = {
		'sweden',
		'kingdom of sweden',
		'swe',
		'se',
		},
	switzerland = {
		'switzerland',
		'helvetia',
		'swiss confederation',
		'che',
		'ch',
		},
	syria = {
		'syria',
		'syrian arab republic',
		'syr',
		'sy',
		},

	-- T --
	taiwan = {
		'taiwan',
		'tiapai',
		'taiwan, china',
		'tiapai, china',
		'taiwan, province of china',
		'chinese taipei',
		'republic of china',
		'roc',
		'twn',
		'tw',
		},
	tajikistan = {
		'tajikistan',
		'republic of tajikistan',
		'tjk',
		'tj',
		},
	tanzania = {
		'tanzania',
		'united republic of tanzania',
		'tza',
		'tz',
		},
	thailand = {
		'thailand',
		'siam',
		'kingdom of thailand',
		'tha',
		'th',
		},
	timor_leste = {
		'timor-leste',
		'timor leste',
		'east timor',
		'democratic republic of timor-leste',
		'democratic republic of east timor',
		'tls',
		'tl',
		},
	togo = {
		'togo',
		'togolese republic',
		'tgo',
		'tg',
		},
	tonga = {
		'tonga',
		'kingdom of tonga',
		'ton',
		'to',
		},
	transnistria = {
		'transnistria',
		'pridnestrovie',
		'pridnestrovian moldavian pepublic',
		'pmr',
		},
	trinidad_and_tobago = {
		'trinidad and tobago',
		'trinidad',
		'tobago',
		'republic of trinidad and tobago',
		'tto',
		'tt',
		},
	tunisia = {
		'tunisia',
		'republic of tunisia',
		'tun',
		'tn',
		},
	turkey = {
		'turkey',
		'türkiye',
		'turkiye',
		'republic of türkiye',
		'republic of turkiye',
		'republic of turkey',
		'tur',
		'tr',
		},
	turkmenistan = {
		'turkmenistan',
		'tkm',
		'tm',
		},
	tuvalu = {
		'tuvalu',
		'tuv',
		'tv',
		},

	-- U --
	uganda = {
		'uganda',
		'republic of uganda',
		'uga',
		'ug',
		},
	ukraine = {
		'ukraine',
		'the ukraine',
		'ukr',
		'ua',
		},
	united_arab_emirates = {
		'united arab emirates',
		'the emirates',
		'emirates',
		'uae',
		'are',
		'ae',
		},
	united_kingdom = {
		'united kingdom',
		'great britain',
		'britain',
		'england',
		'united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland',
		'gbni',
		'uk',
		'gbr',
		'gb',
		},
	united_states = {
		'united states',
		'america',
		'united states of america',
		'u.s.',
		'usa',
		'us',
		},
	uruguay = {
		'uruguay',
		'oriental republic of uruguay',
		'eastern republic of uruguay',
		'ury',
		'uy',
		},
	uzbekistan = {
		'uzbekistan',
		'republic of uzbekistan',
		'uzb',
		'uz',
		},

	-- V --
	vanuatu = {
		'vanuatu',
		'republic of vanuatu',
		'vut',
		'vu',
		},
	vatican_city = {
		'vatican city',
		'vatican',
		'the vatican',
		'holy see',
		'the holy see',
		'vatican city state',
		'vat',
		'va',
		},
	venezuela = {
		'venezuela',
		'bolivarian republic of venezuela',
		'ven',
		've',
		},
	vietnam = {
		'vietnam',
		'viet nam',
		'socialist republic of viet nam',
		'socialist republic of vietnam',
		'srv',
		'vnm',
		'vn',
		},

	-- W --
	western_sahara = {
		'western sahara',
		'sahrawi republic',
		'sahrawi arab democratic republic',
		'sadr',
		'esh',
		'eh',
		},

	-- X --
	-- (none)

	-- Y --
	yemen = {
		'yemen',
		'republic of yemen',
		'yem',
		'ye',
		},

	-- Z --
	zambia = {
		'zambia',
		'republic of zambia',
		'zmb',
		'zm',
		},
	zimbabwe = {
		'zimbabwe',
		'republic of zimbabwe',
		'zwe',
		'zw',
		},
	}


--[[--------------------------< S Y N O N Y M S _ T _ M A K E >------------------------------------------------

Creates a table of country-name synonyms that maps each synonym to its matching key in <country_data_t>.

]]

local function synonyms_t_make ()
	local synonyms_t = {};														-- synonym map links go here
	for key, v_t in pairs (country_synonyms_list_t) do							-- get each key and its value (a sequence of synonyms) from <country_synonyms_list_t>
		for _, synonym in ipairs (v_t) do										-- for each synonym in the sequence
			synonyms_t[synonym] = country_data_t[key];							-- save a link to the match (key) in <country_data_t>
		end
	end

	return synonyms_t;															-- and done
end


--[[--------------------------< E R R O R _ M E S S A G I N G _ T >--------------------------------------------

Error messaging for unknown or missing countries and titles.

]]

local error_messaging_t = {
	fmt = '<span style="color:var(--color-error, #bf3c2c)">&#x7b;{[[Template:Current leader|Current leader]]}&#x7d;: %s%s</span>',
	country = 'unknown country: ',
	office = 'unknown office: ',
	missing = 'missing country or office',
	}


--[[--------------------------< D A B _ P A T T E R N S >------------------------------------------------------

A sequence of patterns to extract the political leader's name from a parenthetically- or naturally-disambiguated article title.

]]

local dab_patterns_t = {
	' %b()',																	-- Kim Min-seok (politician) → Kim Min-seok
	', .+',																		-- Albert II, Prince of Monaco → Albert II
	' of .+'																	-- Abdullah II of Jordan → Abdullah II
	}


--[[--------------------------< U N I N V E R T _ P A T T E R N S >--------------------------------------------

A sequence of pattern used to detect inverted country names: 'korea, republic of' etc.

]]

local uninvert_patterns = {
	'^([^,]+), (.-of)$',														-- 'korea, republic of' → 'republic of korea'
	'^([^,]+), (.-the)$',														-- 'comoros, union of the' → 'union of the comoros'; 'bahamas, the' → 'the bahamas'
	}


--[[--------------------------< E X P O R T S >----------------------------------------------------------------
]]

return {
	dab_patterns_t = dab_patterns_t,
	error_messaging_t = error_messaging_t,
	no_link_name_t = no_link_name_t,
	special_t = special_t,
	synonyms_t = synonyms_t_make (),
	uninvert_patterns = uninvert_patterns,
	}