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List of set classes

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Set 3-1 has three possible versions: [01112T], [011TE1], and [0TT1E1], where subscripts indicate adjacency intervals. The normal form is the smallest "slice of pie" (shaded) or most compact form; in this case, [01112T].

This is a list of set classes, by Forte number.[1] In music theory, a set class (an abbreviation of pitch-class-set class) is an ascending collection of pitch classes, transposed to begin at zero. For a list of ordered collections, see this list of tone rows and series.

Sets are listed with links to their complements. For asymmetrical sets, the prime form is marked with "A" and the inversion with "B"; sets without either are symmetrical. Sets marked with a "Z" refer to a pair of different set classes with identical interval class content unrelated by inversion, with one of each pair listed at the end of the respective list when they occur. ("Z" is derived from the prefix zygo-, from Ancient Greek ζυγόν, "yoke". Hence: zygosets.) "T" and "E" are conventionally used in sets to notate ten and eleven, respectively, as single characters. Because, for any given set, its interval-class vector is independent of the version (cyclic permutation) considered, for any cardinality, the ordering of sets in the list (except for Z-related sets, as explained below) is based on the string of numerals in the interval vector treated as an integer, decreasing in value, following the strategy used by Forte in constructing his numbering system.

There are two slightly different methods of obtaining the prime form—an earlier one by Allen Forte and a later but now generally more popular one by John Rahn—both often confusingly described as "most packed to the left". However, a more precise description of the Rahn spelling is to select the version most dispersed from the right, whereas the precise description of the Forte spelling is to select the version most packed to the left within the smallest span.[a] In the lists here, the Rahn spelling is used for the 17 out of 352 set classes where the two methods yield different results; the alternative Forte spellings are listed in the footnotes.[3][4]

Before either (1960–67), however, Elliott Carter had produced a numbered listing of pitch class sets, or "chords", as Carter referred to them, for his own use.[5][6] Donald Martino had produced tables of hexachords, tetrachords, trichords, and pentachords for combinatoriality in his 1961 article, "The Source Set and its Aggregate Formations".[7]

Predating set-theoretic terminology, Howard Hanson's book, "Harmonic Materials of Modern Music", was published in 1960. Hanson analysed all "sonorities" available within the resources of the tempered scale portrayed in staff notation and including adjacency intervals, generated organically, mainly by projection, inversion, and complementation, and catalogued using an alphabetical system representing a tally of the intervals (less than or equal to a tritone) of each sonority: p (perfect fourth), m (major third), n (minor third), s (major second), d (minor second), and t (tritone), with superscripts representing multiplicities. For example, Forte's set 6-33 would be catalogued using Hanson's system as: p4m2n3s4dt, corresponding to the interval-class vector ⟨1,4,3,2,4,1⟩.

The magnitude of the difference between the interval-class vector of a set and that of its complement is given by ⟨X, X, X, X, X, X/2⟩, where (in base-ten) X = 12 – 2C, where C is the smaller set's cardinality. In nearly all cases, complements of asymmetrical sets are related by inversion—that is, the complement of an "A" version of a set of cardinality C is (usually) the "B" version of the respective complementary set of cardinality 12 – C. The most significant exceptions are the sets 4-14/8-14, 5-11/7-11, and 6-14, which are all closely related in terms of subset/superset structure. For example, 5-11 is a subset of 6-14, and 4-14 is a subset of 5-11. Similarly, set 7-11 is a superset of 6-14 and 8-14 is a superset of 7-11. Set 6-14 is unique in that it is the only asymmetrical hexad whose complement is the same as the original rather than its inverse.

Allen Forte's own rule for numbering is usually applied to determine which zygote appears in the main list and which appears added at the end (with a much larger index number) as well; in other words, the one with the lower number has an equal or lesser minimum span. For example, for the all-interval tetrads, 4-Z15 and 4-Z29, the former has a minimum span of 6 semitones and the latter 7 semitones. Meanwhile, sets 5-Z17 and 5-Z37 both have a minimum span of 8 semitones, but the former is more packed to the left; adjacency intervals of 1-2-1-4-4 versus 3-1-1-3-4.

However, in the heptads, zygotic pairs with higher numbers have a smaller minimum span. For each of the pairs 7-Z12 versus 7-Z36, 7-Z17 versus 7-Z37, and 7-Z18 versus 7-Z38, the first member has a minimum span of 9 semitones and the second member 8 semitones. Clearly, they have been assigned index numbers corresponding to their pentad complements instead of following the general rule.

Additionally, there is one genuine anomaly in the ordering of the hexads, clearly a mistake on Forte's part: sets 6-Z28 versus 6-Z49. Their minimum span is the same (9), but their adjacency intervals are 1-2-2-1-3-3 versus 1-2-1-3-2-3. According to Forte's own rule, this ordering is incorrect – the set [011231437293] is more packed to the left (within the same span) and should have been assigned the lower number, i.e. 6-Z28, with [011232516393] given the higher number 6-Z49, as can be seen at a glance by comparing the respective adjacency-interval strings listed as subscripts between adjacent pc values rather than (information-free) commas. However, note (again from the adjacency-interval strings) that 6-Z28 is clearly more dispersed from the right than 6-Z49, which gives 6-Z28 precedence according to Rahn's prime-form rule. To avoid confusion, the original Forte numbering system is retained here for both.

List

[edit]
Forte no.Prime formInterval vectorCarter no.AudioPossible spacingsComplement
0-1[]<0,0,0,0,0,0>Empty set12-1
1-1[0]<0,0,0,0,0,0>PlayⓘUnison, octave11-1
2-1[0,1]<1,0,0,0,0,0>1PlayⓘMinor second, major seventh10-1
2-2[0,2]<0,1,0,0,0,0>2PlayⓘMajor second, minor seventh10-2
2-3[0,3]<0,0,1,0,0,0>3PlayⓘMinor third, major sixth10-3
2-4[0,4]<0,0,0,1,0,0>4PlayⓘMajor third, minor sixth10-4
2-5[0,5]<0,0,0,0,1,0>5PlayⓘPerfect fourth, perfect fifth10-5
2-6[0,6]<0,0,0,0,0,1>6PlayⓘAugmented fourth, diminished fifth, tritone10-6
3-1[0,1,2]<2,1,0,0,0,0>4PlayⓘChromatic trichord9-1
3-2A[0,1,3]<1,1,1,0,0,0>12Playⓘ...9-2B
3-2B[0,2,3]Playⓘ...9-2A
3-3A[0,1,4]<1,0,1,1,0,0>11Playⓘ...9-3B
3-3B[0,3,4]Playⓘ...9-3A
3-4A[0,1,5]<1,0,0,1,1,0>9Playⓘ...9-4B
3-4B[0,4,5]Playⓘ...9-4A
3-5A[0,1,6]<1,0,0,0,1,1>7PlayⓘViennese trichord9-5B
3-5B[0,5,6]PlayⓘViennese trichord9-5A
3-6[0,2,4]<0,2,0,1,0,0>3Playⓘ...9-6
3-7A[0,2,5]<0,1,1,0,1,0>10Playⓘ...9-7B
3-7B[0,3,5]PlayⓘBlues trichord (minor pentatonic subset)[8]9-7A
3-8A[0,2,6]<0,1,0,1,0,1>8PlayⓘItalian sixth chord9-8B
3-8B[0,4,6]Playⓘ...9-8A
3-9[0,2,7]<0,1,0,0,2,0>5PlayⓘSuspended chord9-9
3-10[0,3,6]<0,0,2,0,0,1>2PlayⓘDiminished chord9-10
3-11A[0,3,7]<0,0,1,1,1,0>6PlayⓘMinor chord, Neapolitan chord9-11B
3-11B[0,4,7]PlayⓘMajor chord9-11A
3-12[0,4,8]<0,0,0,3,0,0>1PlayⓘAugmented chord9-12
4-1[0,1,2,3]<3,2,1,0,0,0>1PlayⓘBACH motif8-1
4-2A[0,1,2,4]<2,2,1,1,0,0>17Playⓘ...8-2B
4-2B[0,2,3,4]Playⓘ...8-2A
4-3[0,1,3,4]<2,1,2,1,0,0>9PlayⓘDSCH motif8-3
4-4A[0,1,2,5]<2,1,1,1,1,0>20Playⓘ...8-4B
4-4B[0,3,4,5]PlayⓘChromatic tetrachord8-4A
4-5A[0,1,2,6]<2,1,0,1,1,1>22Playⓘ...8-5B
4-5B[0,4,5,6]Playⓘ...8-5A
4-6[0,1,2,7]<2,1,0,0,2,1>6PlayⓘDream chord8-6
4-7[0,1,4,5]<2,0,1,2,1,0>8PlayⓘHijaz tetrachord8-7
4-8[0,1,5,6]<2,0,0,1,2,1>10Playⓘ...8-8
4-9[0,1,6,7]<2,0,0,0,2,2>2PlayⓘDistance model, Pajara tetratonic8-9
4-10[0,2,3,5]<1,2,2,0,1,0>3PlayⓘNahawand tetrachord8-10
4-11A[0,1,3,5]<1,2,1,1,1,0>26PlayⓘKurd tetrachord8-11B
4-11B[0,2,4,5]PlayⓘDiatonic tetrachord8-11A
4-12A[0,2,3,6]<1,1,2,1,0,1>28Playⓘ...8-12A
4-12B[0,3,4,6]Playⓘ...8-12B
4-13A[0,1,3,6]<1,1,2,0,1,1>7Playⓘ...8-13B
4-13B[0,3,5,6]Playⓘ...8-13A
4-14A[0,2,3,7]<1,1,1,1,2,0>25PlayⓘMinor add 9 chord8-14A
4-14B[0,4,5,7]PlayⓘMajor add 4 chord8-14B
4-Z15A[0,1,4,6]<1,1,1,1,1,1>18PlayⓘAll-interval tetrachord8-Z15B
4-Z15B[0,2,5,6]PlayⓘAll-interval tetrachord, Hendrix chord (7 #9)8-Z15A
4-16A[0,1,5,7]<1,1,0,1,2,1>19PlayⓘMajor seventh flat five chord8-16B
4-16B[0,2,6,7]PlayⓘMajor 7 sus 48-16A
4-17[0,3,4,7]<1,0,2,2,1,0>13PlayⓘAlpha chord8-17
4-18A[0,1,4,7]<1,0,2,1,1,1>21PlayⓘDiminished major seventh chord8-18B
4-18B[0,3,6,7]Playⓘ...8-18A
4-19A[0,1,4,8]<1,0,1,3,1,0>24PlayⓘMinor major seventh chord8-19B
4-19B[0,3,4,8]PlayⓘAugmented major seventh chord8-19A
4-20[0,1,5,8]<1,0,1,2,2,0>15PlayⓘMajor seventh chord, minor flat sixth chord8-20
4-21[0,2,4,6]<0,3,0,2,0,1>11Playⓘ...8-21
4-22A[0,2,4,7]<0,2,1,1,2,0>27PlayⓘMu chord8-22B
4-22B[0,3,5,7]Playⓘ...8-22A
4-23[0,2,5,7]<0,2,1,0,3,0>4PlayⓘQuartal chord, seventh suspension four chord[9]8-23
4-24[0,2,4,8]<0,2,0,3,0,1>16PlayⓘAugmented seventh chord8-24
4-25[0,2,6,8]<0,2,0,2,0,2>12PlayⓘDominant seventh flat five chord, French sixth chord8-25
4-26[0,3,5,8]<0,1,2,1,2,0>14PlayⓘMinor seventh chord8-26
4-27A[0,2,5,8]<0,1,2,1,1,1>29PlayⓘHalf-diminished seventh chord, minor sixth chord, Tristan chord8-27B
4-27B[0,3,6,8]PlayⓘDominant seventh chord, German sixth chord, harmonic seventh chord8-27A
4-28[0,3,6,9]<0,0,4,0,0,2>5PlayⓘDiminished seventh chord8-28
4-Z29A[0,1,3,7]<1,1,1,1,1,1>23PlayⓘAll-interval tetrachord, dominant thirteenth chord8-Z29B
4-Z29B[0,4,6,7]PlayⓘAll-interval tetrachord8-Z29A
5-1[0,1,2,3,4]<4,3,2,1,0,0>PlayⓘChromatic pentachord7-1
5-2A[0,1,2,3,5]<3,3,2,1,1,0>Playⓘ...7-2B
5-2B[0,2,3,4,5]Playⓘ...7-2A
5-3A[0,1,2,4,5]<3,2,2,2,1,0>Playⓘ...7-3B
5-3B[0,1,3,4,5]Playⓘ...7-3A
5-4A[0,1,2,3,6]<3,2,2,1,1,1>Playⓘ...7-4B
5-4B[0,3,4,5,6]Playⓘ...7-4A
5-5A[0,1,2,3,7]<3,2,1,1,2,1>Playⓘ...7-5B
5-5B[0,4,5,6,7]Playⓘ...7-5A
5-6A[0,1,2,5,6]<3,1,1,2,2,1>Playⓘ...7-6B
5-6B[0,1,4,5,6]Playⓘ...7-6A
5-7A[0,1,2,6,7]<3,1,0,1,3,2>Playⓘ...7-7B
5-7B[0,1,5,6,7]Playⓘ...7-7A
5-8[0,2,3,4,6]<2,3,2,2,0,1>Playⓘ...7-8
5-9A[0,1,2,4,6]<2,3,1,2,1,1>Playⓘ...7-9B
5-9B[0,2,4,5,6]Playⓘ...7-9A
5-10A[0,1,3,4,6]<2,2,3,1,1,1>Playⓘ...7-10B
5-10B[0,2,3,5,6]Playⓘ...7-10A
5-11A[0,2,3,4,7]<2,2,2,2,2,0>Playⓘ...7-11A
5-11B[0,3,4,5,7]Playⓘ...7-11B
5-Z12[0,1,3,5,6]<2,2,2,1,2,1>Playⓘ...7-Z12
5-13A[0,1,2,4,8]<2,2,1,3,1,1>Playⓘ...7-13B
5-13B[0,2,3,4,8]Playⓘ...7-13A
5-14A[0,1,2,5,7]<2,2,1,1,3,1>Playⓘ...7-14B
5-14B[0,2,5,6,7]Playⓘ...7-14A
5-15[0,1,2,6,8]<2,2,0,2,2,2>Playⓘ...7-15
5-16A[0,1,3,4,7]<2,1,3,2,1,1>PlayⓘDominant 13♭9 chord7-16B
5-16B[0,3,4,6,7]Playⓘ...7-16A
5-Z17[0,1,3,4,8]<2,1,2,3,2,0>PlayⓘFarben chord, minor major ninth chord7-Z17
5-Z18A[0,1,4,5,7]<2,1,2,2,2,1>Playⓘ...7-Z18B
5-Z18B[0,2,3,6,7]Playⓘ...7-Z18A
5-19A[0,1,3,6,7]<2,1,2,1,2,2>Playⓘ...7-19B
5-19B[0,1,4,6,7]Playⓘ...7-19A
5-20A[0,1,5,6,8][b]<2,1,1,2,3,1>PlayⓘRyukyu scale 7-20B
5-20B[0,2,3,7,8][c]PlayⓘHirajōshi scale, in scale, iwato scale7-20A
5-21A[0,1,4,5,8]<2,0,2,4,2,0>PlayⓘHexatonic pentachord7-21B
5-21B[0,3,4,7,8]PlayⓘHexatonic pentachord7-21A
5-22[0,1,4,7,8]<2,0,2,3,2,1>Playⓘ...7-22
5-23A[0,2,3,5,7]<1,3,2,1,3,0>PlayⓘAeolian pentachord7-23B
5-23B[0,2,4,5,7]PlayⓘIonian pentachord7-23A
5-24A[0,1,3,5,7]<1,3,1,2,2,1>PlayⓘDominant ninth add 13 chord, Phrygian pentachord7-24B
5-24B[0,2,4,6,7]PlayⓘLydian pentachord7-24A
5-25A[0,2,3,5,8]<1,2,3,1,2,1>PlayⓘHalf-diminished minor ninth chord7-25B
5-25B[0,3,5,6,8]PlayⓘSeven six chord7-25A
5-26A[0,2,4,5,8]<1,2,2,3,1,1>PlayⓘHalf-diminished ninth chord7-26A
5-26B[0,3,4,6,8]PlayⓘAugmented major ninth chord7-26B
5-27A[0,1,3,5,8]<1,2,2,2,3,0>PlayⓘMajor ninth chord7-27B
5-27B[0,3,5,7,8]PlayⓘMinor ninth chord7-27A
5-28A[0,2,3,6,8]<1,2,2,2,1,2>Playⓘ...7-28A
5-28B[0,2,5,6,8]Playⓘ...7-28B
5-29A[0,1,3,6,8]<1,2,2,1,3,1>Playⓘ...7-29B
5-29B[0,2,5,7,8]PlayⓘInsen scale, minor sixth ninth chord7-29A
5-30A[0,1,4,6,8]<1,2,1,3,2,1>Playⓘ...7-30B
5-30B[0,2,4,7,8]PlayⓘJazz sus chord, Lydian augmented chord7-30A
5-31A[0,1,3,6,9]<1,1,4,1,1,2>PlayⓘBeta chord, diminished minor ninth chord7-31B
5-31B[0,2,3,6,9]PlayⓘDiminished ninth chord, dominant minor ninth chord7-31A
5-32A[0,1,4,6,9]<1,1,3,2,2,1>Playⓘ...7-32B
5-32B[0,2,5,6,9][d]PlayⓘDominant seventh sharp ninth chord, Elektra chord, gamma chord7-32A
5-33[0,2,4,6,8]<0,4,0,4,0,2>PlayⓘAugmented dominant ninth chord, ninth augmented fifth chord,[10] ninth flat fifth chord[10]7-33
5-34[0,2,4,6,9]<0,3,2,2,2,1>PlayⓘDominant ninth chord7-34
5-35[0,2,4,7,9]<0,3,2,1,4,0>PlayⓘMajor pentatonic scale7-35
5-Z36A[0,1,2,4,7]<2,2,2,1,2,1>Playⓘ...7-Z36B
5-Z36B[0,3,5,6,7]Playⓘ...7-Z36A
5-Z37[0,3,4,5,8]<2,1,2,3,2,0>Playⓘ...7-Z37
5-Z38A[0,1,2,5,8]<2,1,2,2,2,1>Playⓘ...7-Z38B
5-Z38B[0,3,6,7,8]Playⓘ...7-Z38A
6-1[0,1,2,3,4,5]<5,4,3,2,1,0>4PlayⓘChromatic hexachord6-1
6-2A[0,1,2,3,4,6]<4,4,3,2,1,1>19Playⓘ...6-2B
6-2B[0,2,3,4,5,6]Playⓘ...6-2A
6-Z3A[0,1,2,3,5,6]<4,3,3,2,2,1>49Playⓘ...6-Z36B
6-Z3B[0,1,3,4,5,6]Playⓘ...6-Z36A
6-Z4[0,1,2,4,5,6]<4,3,2,3,2,1>24Playⓘ...6-Z37
6-5A[0,1,2,3,6,7]<4,2,2,2,3,2>16Playⓘ...6-5B
6-5B[0,1,4,5,6,7]Playⓘ...6-5A
6-Z6[0,1,2,5,6,7]<4,2,1,2,4,2>33Playⓘ...6-Z38
6-7[0,1,2,6,7,8]<4,2,0,2,4,3>7PlayⓘTwo-semitone tritone scale; Messiaen mode6-7
6-8[0,2,3,4,5,7]<3,4,3,2,3,0>5Playⓘ...6-8
6-9A[0,1,2,3,5,7]<3,4,2,2,3,1>20Playⓘ...6-9B
6-9B[0,2,4,5,6,7]Playⓘ...6-9A
6-Z10A[0,1,3,4,5,7]<3,3,3,3,2,1>42Playⓘ...6-Z39A
6-Z10B[0,2,3,4,6,7]Playⓘ...6-Z39B
6-Z11A[0,1,2,4,5,7]<3,3,3,2,3,1>47Playⓘ...6-Z40B
6-Z11B[0,2,3,5,6,7]PlayⓘSacher hexachord6-Z40A
6-Z12A[0,1,2,4,6,7]<3,3,2,2,3,2>46Playⓘ...6-Z41B
6-Z12B[0,1,3,5,6,7]Playⓘ...6-Z41A
6-Z13[0,1,3,4,6,7]<3,2,4,2,2,2>29PlayⓘIstrian scale6-Z42
6-14A[0,1,3,4,5,8]<3,2,3,4,3,0>3Playⓘ...6-14A
6-14B[0,3,4,5,7,8]Playⓘ...6-14B
6-15A[0,1,2,4,5,8]<3,2,3,4,2,1>13Playⓘ...6-15B
6-15B[0,3,4,6,7,8]Playⓘ...6-15A
6-16A[0,1,4,5,6,8]<3,2,2,4,3,1>11Playⓘ...6-16B
6-16B[0,2,3,4,7,8]Playⓘ...6-16A
6-Z17A[0,1,2,4,7,8]<3,2,2,3,3,2>35PlayⓘAll-trichord hexachord6-Z43B
6-Z17B[0,1,4,6,7,8]Playⓘ...6-Z43A
6-18A[0,1,2,5,7,8]<3,2,2,2,4,2>17Playⓘ...6-18B
6-18B[0,1,3,6,7,8]Playⓘ...6-18A
6-Z19A[0,1,3,4,7,8]<3,1,3,4,3,1>37PlayⓘSchoenberg hexachord; two minor triads a semitone apart6-Z44B
6-Z19B[0,1,4,5,7,8]PlayⓘInverted Schoenberg hexachord; two major triads a semitone apart6-Z44A
6-20[0,1,4,5,8,9]<3,0,3,6,3,0>2PlayⓘHexatonic mode, "Ode-to-Napoleon" hexachord6-20
6-21A[0,2,3,4,6,8]<2,4,2,4,1,2>12Playⓘ...6-21B
6-21B[0,2,4,5,6,8]Playⓘ...6-21A
6-22A[0,1,2,4,6,8]<2,4,1,4,2,2>10Playⓘ...6-22B
6-22B[0,2,4,6,7,8]Playⓘ...6-22A
6-Z23[0,2,3,5,6,8]<2,3,4,2,2,2>27Playⓘ...6-Z45
6-Z24A[0,1,3,4,6,8]<2,3,3,3,3,1>39PlayⓘMinor major eleventh chord6-Z46B
6-Z24B[0,2,4,5,7,8]PlayⓘHalf-diminished eleventh chord6-Z46A
6-Z25A[0,1,3,5,6,8]<2,3,3,2,4,1>43PlayⓘMajor eleventh chord6-Z47B
6-Z25B[0,2,3,5,7,8]Playⓘ...6-Z47A
6-Z26[0,1,3,5,7,8]<2,3,2,3,4,1>26PlayⓘMajor ninth sharp eleventh chord6-Z48
6-27A[0,1,3,4,6,9]<2,2,5,2,2,2>14Playⓘ...6-27B
6-27B[0,2,3,5,6,9]PlayⓘDiminished eleventh chord6-27A
6-Z28[0,1,3,5,6,9]<2,2,4,3,2,2>21PlayⓘAugmented major eleventh chord6-Z49
6-Z29[0,2,3,6,7,9][e]<2,2,4,2,3,2>32PlayⓘBridge chord6-Z50
6-30A[0,1,3,6,7,9]<2,2,4,2,2,3>15Playⓘ...6-30B
6-30B[0,2,3,6,8,9]PlayⓘPetrushka chord, tritone scale6-30A
6-31A[0,1,4,5,7,9][f]<2,2,3,4,3,1>8Playⓘ...6-31B
6-31B[0,2,4,5,8,9][g]Playⓘ...6-31A
6-32[0,2,4,5,7,9]<1,4,3,2,5,0>6PlayⓘDiatonic hexachord, minor eleventh chord6-32
6-33A[0,2,3,5,7,9]<1,4,3,2,4,1>18PlayⓘDominant 9 add 136-33B
6-33B[0,2,4,6,7,9]PlayⓘDominant eleventh chord6-33A
6-34A[0,1,3,5,7,9]<1,4,2,4,2,2>9PlayⓘMystic chord6-34B
6-34B[0,2,4,6,8,9]PlayⓘAugmented eleventh chord, dominant sharp eleventh chord, Prélude chord6-34A
6-35[0,2,4,6,8,T]<0,6,0,6,0,3>1PlayⓘWhole tone scale6-35
6-Z36A[0,1,2,3,4,7]<4,3,3,2,2,1>50Playⓘ...6-Z3B
6-Z36B[0,3,4,5,6,7]Playⓘ...6-Z3A
6-Z37[0,1,2,3,4,8]<4,3,2,3,2,1>23Playⓘ...6-Z4
6-Z38[0,1,2,3,7,8]<4,2,1,2,4,2>34Playⓘ"Lulu" hexachord variant; two suspended triads a semitone apart6-Z6
6-Z39A[0,2,3,4,5,8]<3,3,3,3,2,1>41Playⓘ...6-Z10A
6-Z39B[0,3,4,5,6,8]Playⓘ...6-Z10B
6-Z40A[0,1,2,3,5,8]<3,3,3,2,3,1>48Playⓘ...6-Z11B
6-Z40B[0,3,5,6,7,8]Playⓘ...6-Z11A
6-Z41A[0,1,2,3,6,8]<3,3,2,2,3,2>45Playⓘ...6-Z12B
6-Z41B[0,2,5,6,7,8]Playⓘ...6-Z12A
6-Z42[0,1,2,3,6,9]<3,2,4,2,2,2>30Playⓘ...6-Z13
6-Z43A[0,1,2,5,6,8]<3,2,2,3,3,2>36Playⓘ...6-Z17B
6-Z43B[0,2,3,6,7,8]Playⓘ...6-Z17A
6-Z44A[0,1,2,5,6,9]<3,1,3,4,3,1>38Playⓘ...6-Z19B
6-Z44B[0,1,4,5,6,9][h]Playⓘ...6-Z19A
6-Z45[0,2,3,4,6,9]<2,3,4,2,2,2>28Playⓘ...6-Z23
6-Z46A[0,1,2,4,6,9]<2,3,3,3,3,1>40PlayⓘScale of harmonics6-Z24B
6-Z46B[0,2,4,5,6,9]Playⓘ...6-Z24A
6-Z47A[0,1,2,4,7,9]<2,3,3,2,4,1>44Playⓘ...6-Z25B
6-Z47B[0,2,3,4,7,9]PlayⓘBlues scale6-Z25A
6-Z48[0,1,2,5,7,9]<2,3,2,3,4,1>25Playⓘ...6-Z26
6-Z49[0,1,3,4,7,9]<2,2,4,3,2,2>22PlayⓘOctatonic hexachord6-Z28
6-Z50[0,1,4,6,7,9]<2,2,4,2,3,2>31Playⓘ...6-Z29
7-1[0,1,2,3,4,5,6]<6,5,4,3,2,1>1PlayⓘChromatic heptachord5-1
7-2A[0,1,2,3,4,5,7]<5,5,4,3,3,1>11Playⓘ...5-2B
7-2B[0,2,3,4,5,6,7]Playⓘ...5-2A
7-3A[0,1,2,3,4,5,8]<5,4,4,4,3,1>14Playⓘ...5-3B
7-3B[0,3,4,5,6,7,8]Playⓘ...5-3A
7-4A[0,1,2,3,4,6,7]<5,4,4,3,3,2>12Playⓘ...5-4B
7-4B[0,1,3,4,5,6,7]Playⓘ...5-4A
7-5A[0,1,2,3,5,6,7]<5,4,3,3,4,2>13Playⓘ...5-5B
7-5B[0,1,2,4,5,6,7]Playⓘ...5-5A
7-6A[0,1,2,3,4,7,8]<5,3,3,4,4,2>27Playⓘ...5-6B
7-6B[0,1,4,5,6,7,8]Playⓘ...5-6A
7-7A[0,1,2,3,6,7,8]<5,3,2,3,5,3>30Playⓘ...5-7B
7-7B[0,1,2,5,6,7,8]Playⓘ...5-7A
7-8[0,2,3,4,5,6,8]<4,5,4,4,2,2>2Playⓘ...5-8
7-9A[0,1,2,3,4,6,8]<4,5,3,4,3,2>15Playⓘ...5-9B
7-9B[0,2,4,5,6,7,8]Playⓘ...5-9A
7-10A[0,1,2,3,4,6,9]<4,4,5,3,3,2>19Playⓘ...5-10B
7-10B[0,2,3,4,5,6,9]Playⓘ...5-10A
7-11A[0,1,3,4,5,6,8]<4,4,4,4,4,1>18Playⓘ...5-11A
7-11B[0,2,3,4,5,7,8]Playⓘ...5-11B
7-Z12[0,1,2,3,4,7,9]<4,4,4,3,4,2>5Playⓘ...5-Z12
7-13A[0,1,2,4,5,6,8]<4,4,3,5,3,2>17Playⓘ...5-13B
7-13B[0,2,3,4,6,7,8]Playⓘ...5-13A
7-14A[0,1,2,3,5,7,8]<4,4,3,3,5,2>28Playⓘ...5-14B
7-14B[0,1,3,5,6,7,8]Playⓘ...5-14A
7-15[0,1,2,4,6,7,8]<4,4,2,4,4,3>4Playⓘ...5-15
7-16A[0,1,2,3,5,6,9]<4,3,5,4,3,2>20Playⓘ...5-16B
7-16B[0,1,3,4,5,6,9]Playⓘ...5-16A
7-Z17[0,1,2,4,5,6,9]<4,3,4,5,4,1>10Playⓘ...5-Z17
7-Z18A[0,1,4,5,6,7,9][i]<4,3,4,4,4,2>35Playⓘ...5-Z18B
7-Z18B[0,2,3,4,5,8,9][j]Playⓘ...5-Z18A
7-19A[0,1,2,3,6,7,9]<4,3,4,3,4,3>31Playⓘ...5-19B
7-19B[0,1,2,3,6,8,9]Playⓘ...5-19A
7-20A[0,1,2,5,6,7,9][k]<4,3,3,4,5,2>34PlayⓘPersian scale5-20B
7-20B[0,2,3,4,7,8,9][l]PlayⓘHeptatonic blues scale5-20A
7-21A[0,1,2,4,5,8,9]<4,2,4,6,4,1>21Playⓘ...5-21B
7-21B[0,1,3,4,5,8,9]Playⓘ...5-21A
7-22[0,1,2,5,6,8,9]<4,2,4,5,4,2>8PlayⓘDouble harmonic scale, Hungarian minor scale5-22
7-23A[0,2,3,4,5,7,9]<3,5,4,3,5,1>25Playⓘ...5-23B
7-23B[0,2,4,5,6,7,9]Playⓘ...5-23A
7-24A[0,1,2,3,5,7,9]<3,5,3,4,4,2>22Playⓘ...5-24B
7-24B[0,2,4,6,7,8,9]PlayⓘEnigmatic scale5-24A
7-25A[0,2,3,4,6,7,9]<3,4,5,3,4,2>24Playⓘ...5-25B
7-25B[0,2,3,5,6,7,9]Playⓘ...5-25A
7-26A[0,1,3,4,5,7,9]<3,4,4,5,3,2>26Playⓘ...5-26A
7-26B[0,2,4,5,6,8,9]Playⓘ...5-26B
7-27A[0,1,2,4,5,7,9]<3,4,4,4,5,1>23Playⓘ...5-27B
7-27B[0,2,4,5,7,8,9]Playⓘ...5-27A
7-28A[0,1,3,5,6,7,9]<3,4,4,4,3,3>36PlayⓘHarmonic Locrian major scale5-28A
7-28B[0,2,3,4,6,8,9]Playⓘ...5-28B
7-29A[0,1,2,4,6,7,9]<3,4,4,3,5,2>32Playⓘ...5-29B
7-29B[0,2,3,5,7,8,9]Playⓘ...5-29A
7-30A[0,1,2,4,6,8,9]<3,4,3,5,4,2>37PlayⓘAugmented thirteenth chord, minor Neapolitan scale5-30B
7-30B[0,1,3,5,7,8,9]PlayⓘHarmonic Lydian scale5-30A
7-31A[0,1,3,4,6,7,9]<3,3,6,3,3,3>38PlayⓘHungarian major scale5-31B
7-31B[0,2,3,5,6,8,9]PlayⓘRomanian major scale5-31A
7-32A[0,1,3,4,6,8,9]<3,3,5,4,4,2>33PlayⓘAugmented major thirteenth chord, harmonic minor scale, Ukrainian Dorian scale5-32B
7-32B[0,1,3,5,6,8,9]PlayⓘHalf-diminished thirteenth chord, harmonic major scale5-32A
7-33[0,1,2,4,6,8,T]<2,6,2,6,2,3>6PlayⓘMajor Locrian scale, major Neapolitan scale, melodic Phrygian scale5-33
7-34[0,1,3,4,6,8,T]<2,5,4,4,4,2>9PlayⓘAcoustic scale, altered scale, minor major thirteenth chord5-34
7-35[0,1,3,5,6,8,T]<2,5,4,3,6,1>7PlayⓘDiatonic scale, major thirteenth chord, minor thirteenth chord5-35
7-Z36A[0,1,2,3,5,6,8]<4,4,4,3,4,2>16Playⓘ...5-Z36B
7-Z36B[0,2,3,5,6,7,8]Playⓘ...5-Z36A
7-Z37[0,1,3,4,5,7,8]<4,3,4,5,4,1>3Playⓘ...5-Z37
7-Z38A[0,1,2,4,5,7,8]<4,3,4,4,4,2>29Playⓘ...5-Z38B
7-Z38B[0,1,3,4,6,7,8]Playⓘ...5-Z38A
8-1[0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7]<7,6,5,4,4,2>Playⓘ...4-1
8-2A[0,1,2,3,4,5,6,8]<6,6,5,5,4,2>Playⓘ...4-2B
8-2B[0,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]Playⓘ...4-2A
8-3[0,1,2,3,4,5,6,9]<6,5,6,5,4,2>Playⓘ...4-3
8-4A[0,1,2,3,4,5,7,8]<6,5,5,5,5,2>Playⓘ...4-4B
8-4B[0,1,3,4,5,6,7,8]Playⓘ...4-4A
8-5A[0,1,2,3,4,6,7,8]<6,5,4,5,5,3>Playⓘ...4-5B
8-5B[0,1,2,4,5,6,7,8]Playⓘ...4-5A
8-6[0,1,2,3,5,6,7,8]<6,5,4,4,6,3>Playⓘ...4-6
8-7[0,1,2,3,4,5,8,9]<6,4,5,6,5,2>Playⓘ...4-7
8-8[0,1,2,3,4,7,8,9]<6,4,4,5,6,3>Playⓘ...4-8
8-9[0,1,2,3,6,7,8,9]<6,4,4,4,6,4>Playⓘ...4-9
8-10[0,2,3,4,5,6,7,9]<5,6,6,4,5,2>Playⓘ...4-10
8-11A[0,1,2,3,4,5,7,9]<5,6,5,5,5,2>Playⓘ...4-11B
8-11B[0,2,4,5,6,7,8,9]Playⓘ...4-11A
8-12A[0,1,3,4,5,6,7,9]<5,5,6,5,4,3>Playⓘ...4-12A
8-12B[0,2,3,4,5,6,8,9]Playⓘ...4-12B
8-13A[0,1,2,3,4,6,7,9]<5,5,6,4,5,3>Playⓘ...4-13B
8-13B[0,2,3,5,6,7,8,9]Playⓘ...4-13A
8-14A[0,1,2,4,5,6,7,9]<5,5,5,5,6,2>Playⓘ...4-14A
8-14B[0,2,3,4,5,7,8,9]Playⓘ...4-14B
8-Z15A[0,1,2,3,4,6,8,9]<5,5,5,5,5,3>Playⓘ...4-Z15B
8-Z15B[0,1,3,5,6,7,8,9]Playⓘ...4-Z15A
8-16A[0,1,2,3,5,7,8,9]<5,5,4,5,6,3>Playⓘ...4-16B
8-16B[0,1,2,4,6,7,8,9]Playⓘ...4-16A
8-17[0,1,3,4,5,6,8,9]<5,4,6,6,5,2>Playⓘ...4-17
8-18A[0,1,2,3,5,6,8,9]<5,4,6,5,5,3>Playⓘ...4-18B
8-18B[0,1,3,4,6,7,8,9]Playⓘ...4-18A
8-19A[0,1,2,4,5,6,8,9]<5,4,5,7,5,2>Playⓘ...4-19B
8-19B[0,1,3,4,5,7,8,9]Playⓘ...4-19A
8-20[0,1,2,4,5,7,8,9]<5,4,5,6,6,2>Playⓘ...4-20
8-21[0,1,2,3,4,6,8,T]<4,7,4,6,4,3>Playⓘ...4-21
8-22A[0,1,2,3,5,6,8,T]<4,6,5,5,6,2>Playⓘ...4-22B
8-22B[0,1,3,4,5,6,8,T][m]Playⓘ...4-22A
8-23[0,1,2,3,5,7,8,T]<4,6,5,4,7,2>PlayⓘBebop dominant scale, bebop major scale4-23
8-24[0,1,2,4,5,6,8,T]<4,6,4,7,4,3>Playⓘ...4-24
8-25[0,1,2,4,6,7,8,T]<4,6,4,6,4,4>PlayⓘSeventh flat five diminished scale4-25
8-26[0,1,3,4,5,7,8,T][n]<4,5,6,5,6,2>PlayⓘBebop harmonic minor scale4-26
8-27A[0,1,2,4,5,7,8,T]<4,5,6,5,5,3>Playⓘ...4-27B
8-27B[0,1,3,4,6,7,8,T][o]PlayⓘBebop melodic minor scale4-27A
8-28[0,1,3,4,6,7,9,T]<4,4,8,4,4,4>PlayⓘOctatonic scale4-28
8-Z29A[0,1,2,3,5,6,7,9]<5,5,5,5,5,3>Playⓘ...4-Z29B
8-Z29B[0,2,3,4,6,7,8,9]Playⓘ...4-Z29A
9-1[0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]<8,7,6,6,6,3>Playⓘ...3-1
9-2A[0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,9]<7,7,7,6,6,3>Playⓘ...3-2B
9-2B[0,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]Playⓘ...3-2A
9-3A[0,1,2,3,4,5,6,8,9]<7,6,7,7,6,3>Playⓘ...3-3B
9-3B[0,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]Playⓘ...3-3A
9-4A[0,1,2,3,4,5,7,8,9]<7,6,6,7,7,3>Playⓘ...3-4B
9-4B[0,1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9]Playⓘ...3-4A
9-5A[0,1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9]<7,6,6,6,7,4>Playⓘ...3-5B
9-5B[0,1,2,3,5,6,7,8,9]Playⓘ...3-5A
9-6[0,1,2,3,4,5,6,8,T]<6,8,6,7,6,3>Playⓘ...3-6
9-7A[0,1,2,3,4,5,7,8,T]<6,7,7,6,7,3>Playⓘ...3-7B
9-7B[0,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,T][p]Playⓘ...3-7A
9-8A[0,1,2,3,4,6,7,8,T]<6,7,6,7,6,4>Playⓘ...3-8B
9-8B[0,1,2,4,5,6,7,8,T][q]PlayⓘMahler 10 chord3-8A
9-9[0,1,2,3,5,6,7,8,T]<6,7,6,6,8,3>PlayⓘBlues scale3-9
9-10[0,1,2,3,4,6,7,9,T]<6,6,8,6,6,4>Playⓘ...3-10
9-11A[0,1,2,3,5,6,7,9,T]<6,6,7,7,7,3>Playⓘ...3-11B
9-11B[0,1,2,4,5,6,7,9,T][r]Playⓘ...3-11A
9-12[0,1,2,4,5,6,8,9,T]<6,6,6,9,6,3>PlayⓘMessiaen's third mode (enneatonic/hyper-hexatonic)3-12
10-1[0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]<9,8,8,8,8,4>Playⓘ...2-1
10-2[0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,T]<8,9,8,8,8,4>Playⓘ...2-2
10-3[0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,9,T]<8,8,9,8,8,4>Playⓘ...2-3
10-4[0,1,2,3,4,5,6,8,9,T]<8,8,8,9,8,4>Playⓘ...2-4
10-5[0,1,2,3,4,5,7,8,9,T]<8,8,8,8,9,4>Playⓘ...2-5
10-6[0,1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9,T]<8,8,8,8,8,5>PlayⓘMessiaen's seventh mode2-6
11-1[0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,T]<T,T,T,T,T,5>PlayⓘNorthern lights chord1-1
12-1[0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,T,E]<C,C,C,C,C,6>PlayⓘAggregate, all-interval twelve-tone row0-1

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ↑ Forte and Rahn both list prime forms as the most left-packed possible version of a set. However, Forte packs from the left and Rahn packs from the right ("making the small numbers smaller," versus making "the larger numbers [...] smaller"[2]).
  2. ↑ Forte 5-20A: [0,1,3,7,8]
  3. ↑ Forte 5-20B: [0,1,5,7,8]
  4. ↑ Forte 5-32B: [0,1,4,7,9]
  5. ↑ Forte 6-Z29: [0,1,3,6,8,9]
  6. ↑ Forte 6-31A: [0,1,3,5,8,9]
  7. ↑ Forte 6-31B: [0,1,4,6,8,9]
  8. ↑ Forte 6-Z44B: [0,1,2,5,8,9]
  9. ↑ Forte 7-Z18A: [0,1,2,3,5,8,9]
  10. ↑ Forte 7-Z18B: [0,1,4,6,7,8,9]
  11. ↑ Forte 7-20A: [0,1,2,4,7,8,9]
  12. ↑ Forte 7-20B: [0,1,2,5,7,8,9]
  13. ↑ Forte 8-22B: [0,1,2,3,5,7,9,T]
  14. ↑ Forte 8-26: [0,1,2,4,5,7,9,T]
  15. ↑ Forte 8-27B: [0,1,2,4,6,7,9,T]
  16. ↑ Forte 9-7B: [0,1,2,3,4,5,7,9,T]
  17. ↑ Forte 9-8B: [0,1,2,3,4,6,8,9,T]
  18. ↑ Forte 9-11B: [0,1,2,3,5,6,8,9,T]

Sources

[edit]
  1. ↑ Forte, Allen (1973). The Structure of Atonal Music. Yale University Press. ISBN 0-300-02120-8.
  2. ↑ Nelson, Paul (2004). "Two Algorithms for Computing the Prime Form", ComposerTools.com.
  3. ↑ Rahn, John (1980). Basic Atonal Theory. New York: Longman. ISBN 978-0028731605.
  4. ↑ Straus, Joseph N. (1990). Introduction to Post-Tonal Theory. Prentice-Hall. ISBN 9780131898905.
  5. ↑ Schiff, David (1983/1998). The Music of Elliott Carter.
  6. ↑ Carter, Elliott (2002). The Harmony Book, "Appendix 1". ISBN 9780825845949.
  7. ↑ Schuijer, Michael (2008). Analyzing Atonal Music: Pitch-Class Set Theory and Its Contexts, p.97. University of Rochester. ISBN 978-1-58046-270-9.
  8. ↑ Everett, Walter (2008). The Foundations of Rock, p.169. Oxford. ISBN 9780199718702.
  9. ↑ Pearse, John (1977). The Guitarist's Picture Chord Encyclopedia, p.31. ISBN 0-8256-2199-2.
  10. 1 2 Bay, William (10 April 1971). Encyclopedia of guitar chords. Mel Bay Publications. p. 2. ISBN 978-0-87166-664-2.
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