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This is a list of robots and robot product families, the list includes robots developed for research, industry, domestic use, medicine, transportation, exploration, education, entertainment, defense, and other applications.[1][2]
Historical and pioneering robots
[edit]- Elmer and Elsie — early autonomous electronic robots developed by William Grey Walter.
- Freddy II — experimental robot developed at the University of Edinburgh.[3]
- Shakey — mobile robot developed at the Stanford Research Institute.
- Stanford Cart — experimental mobile robot developed at Stanford University.[4]
- Unimate — early industrial robot first used on a General Motors production line.[5]
- WABOT-1 — early full-scale humanoid robot developed at Waseda University.[6]
Humanoid robots
[edit]- AgiBot A2 — humanoid robot developed by AgiBot.
- Ameca — humanoid robot developed by Engineered Arts.[7]
- ASIMO — humanoid robot developed by Honda.[8]
- Atlas — humanoid robot developed by Boston Dynamics.[9]
- Digit — humanoid robot developed by Agility Robotics.
- EVE — humanoid robot developed by 1X Technologies.
- FEDOR — Russian humanoid robot developed for spaceflight.
- Figure 01 — humanoid robot developed by Figure AI.
- HRP-4C — humanoid robot developed by Japan's National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology.
- HUBO — humanoid robot developed by KAIST.
- iCub — child-sized humanoid research robot.
- InMoov — open-source 3D-printed humanoid robot.
- Kirobo — humanoid robot sent to the International Space Station.
- NAO — programmable humanoid robot developed by Aldebaran Robotics.
- NEO — humanoid robot developed by 1X Technologies.
- Optimus — humanoid robot developed by Tesla.[10]
- Pepper — humanoid social robot developed by SoftBank Robotics.[11]
- PETMAN — humanoid robot developed by Boston Dynamics.
- QRIO — humanoid entertainment robot developed by Sony.
- Robonaut — humanoid robot developed by NASA and General Motors.
- Sophia — humanoid social robot developed by Hanson Robotics.[12]
- Surena — series of humanoid robots developed in Iran.
- TOPIO — humanoid robot designed to play table tennis.
- Toyota Partner Robot — series of humanoid and mobility robots developed by Toyota.
- Unitree G1 — humanoid robot developed by Unitree Robotics.
- Valkyrie — humanoid robot developed by NASA.
- Vyommitra — humanoid robot developed by ISRO for the Gaganyaan program.
Self-driving vehicles
[edit]- Tesla Cybercab — purpose-built autonomous robotaxi developed by Tesla.
- Tesla Robotaxi — autonomous ride-hailing service using Tesla vehicles, initially based on the Model Y.
- Waymo Ojai — purpose-built autonomous robotaxi operated by Waymo.
- Waymo — autonomous driving system and robotaxi fleet developed by Alphabet.
- Zoox — purpose-built autonomous electric robotaxi developed by Zoox.
Quadrupedal robots
[edit]- AIBO — robotic dog developed by Sony.
- ANYmal — quadrupedal inspection robot developed by ANYbotics.[13]
- BigDog — quadrupedal robot developed by Boston Dynamics.
- Cheetah — high-speed quadrupedal robot developed by Boston Dynamics.[14]
- LittleDog — small quadrupedal research robot developed by Boston Dynamics.[15]
- Spot — quadrupedal robot developed by Boston Dynamics.[16]
Domestic robots
[edit]Industrial and workplace robots
[edit]- Baxter — collaborative industrial robot developed by Rethink Robotics.[18]
- Hercules — warehouse robot that carries inventory pods to workers for order picking.[19]
- PUMA — industrial robotic arm developed by Unimation.
- Sawyer — collaborative industrial robot developed by Rethink Robotics.[20]
- Stretch — mobile warehouse robot that uses a suction gripper to handle boxes by Boston Dynamics.[21]
- Tally — autonomous inventory robot used in retail stores.[22]
- Taurob Inspector — mobile inspection robot designed for hazardous industrial environments.
Agricultural robots
[edit]Flying robots
[edit]Quadcopters
[edit]- Crazyflie 2.0 — open-source nano quadcopter developed by Bitcraze.
- DJI Avata — camera quadcopter developed by DJI.
- DJI Inspire — professional camera quadcopter series developed by DJI.
- DJI Mavic — compact camera quadcopter series developed by DJI.
- DJI Mini — lightweight camera quadcopter series developed by DJI.
- DJI Neo — compact camera quadcopter developed by DJI.
- DJI Phantom — camera quadcopter series developed by DJI.
- GoPro Karma — camera quadcopter developed by GoPro.
- Intel Shooting Star — quadcopter developed for coordinated drone light shows.
- Parrot AR.Drone — quadcopter developed by Parrot for recreation and research.
- Skydio 2 — autonomous camera quadcopter developed by Skydio.
- STM Kargu — military quadcopter and loitering munition developed by STM.
- Zano — miniature camera quadcopter developed by Torquing Group.
Delivery drones
[edit]- Amazon Prime Air — autonomous delivery drone system developed by Amazon.
- Wingcopter — autonomous delivery drone developed by the German company Wingcopter.
- Zipline — autonomous drone delivery system used for medical supplies and other goods.
Research and utility drones
[edit]- DelFly — small flapping-wing research robot developed at Delft University of Technology.
Delivery and logistics robots
[edit]- Amazon Scout — autonomous delivery robot developed by Amazon.[24]
- Starship delivery robot — autonomous sidewalk delivery robot developed by Starship Technologies.
Medical and assistive robots
[edit]- CyberKnife — robotic radiosurgery system developed by Accuray.
- Da Vinci Surgical System — robotic surgical system developed by Intuitive Surgical.
- ZEUS robotic surgical system — robotic surgical system developed by Computer Motion.
Disaster response robots
[edit]- Battlefield Extraction-Assist Robot — rescue robot designed to carry injured people and handle hazardous materials.
- PackBot — tracked robot used at the World Trade Center site and the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster.
Robotic exoskeletons
[edit]- Hybrid Assistive Limb – powered exoskeleton developed by Cyberdyne for medical and assistive use.
- Human Universal Load Carrier – powered military exoskeleton developed to assist soldiers carrying heavy loads.
- Indego – powered exoskeleton developed at Vanderbilt University for mobility assistance.
- ReWalk – powered walking-assistance exoskeleton for people with lower-limb disabilities.
3D-printing robots
[edit]- BOD2 — gantry-style construction 3D printer developed by COBOD.
- Crane WASP — reconfigurable construction 3D printer developed by WASP.
- D-Shape — large-scale robotic 3D printer developed for construction and architectural applications.
- Platypus X12 — mobile construction 3D printer developed by Luyten 3D.
Military, security and emergency robots
[edit]- Crusher — experimental autonomous ground vehicle developed for DARPA.
- Daksh — bomb-disposal robot developed by India's Defence Research and Development Organisation.
- Dragon Runner — portable military robot used for reconnaissance and explosive-ordnance disposal.
- Guardium — autonomous ground vehicle developed for security and military patrols.
- MARCbot — military reconnaissance robot used by the United States Army.[25]
- PackBot — military and bomb-disposal robot developed by iRobot.
- TALON — tracked military and explosive-ordnance-disposal robot.
- SWORDS — armed robot based on the TALON platform.
Military aerial robots
[edit]- Bayraktar Akıncı — high-altitude combat drone developed by Baykar.
- Bayraktar TB2 — combat and reconnaissance drone developed by Baykar.
- Black Hornet Nano — miniature reconnaissance drone used by military forces.
- Hermes 450 — Israeli reconnaissance drone developed by Elbit Systems.
- Hermes 900 — medium-altitude long-endurance reconnaissance drone developed by Elbit Systems.
- Heron — medium-altitude long-endurance reconnaissance drone developed by Israel Aerospace Industries.
- IAI Harop — loitering munition developed by Israel Aerospace Industries.
- MQ-1 Predator — reconnaissance and combat drone developed by General Atomics.
- MQ-1C Gray Eagle — reconnaissance and combat drone developed for the United States Army.
- MQ-4C Triton — maritime surveillance drone developed by Northrop Grumman.
- MQ-20 Avenger — jet-powered unmanned combat aircraft developed by General Atomics.
- MQ-25 Stingray — carrier-based unmanned aerial refueling aircraft developed by Boeing.
- MQ-9 Reaper — reconnaissance and combat drone developed by General Atomics.
- RQ-11 Raven — small reconnaissance drone developed by AeroVironment.
- RQ-170 Sentinel — stealth reconnaissance drone developed by Lockheed Martin.
- RQ-21 Blackjack — tactical reconnaissance drone developed by Insitu.
- RQ-4 Global Hawk — high-altitude surveillance drone developed by Northrop Grumman.
- S-70 Okhotnik-B — Russian stealth unmanned combat aircraft.
- ScanEagle — small reconnaissance drone developed by Insitu and Boeing.
- Shahed 136 — Iranian loitering munition developed by Shahed Aviation Industries.
- Switchblade — family of portable loitering munitions developed by AeroVironment.
- X-47B — experimental carrier-based unmanned combat aircraft developed by Northrop Grumman.
Military underwater robots
[edit]- Bluefin-21 — autonomous underwater vehicle developed by Bluefin Robotics for defense, scientific, and deep-sea missions.
- Hui Long-class UUV — Taiwanese unmanned underwater vehicle developed as a submarine technology test platform.
- Knifefish — autonomous underwater vehicle developed for naval mine detection.
- Orca — extra-large autonomous underwater vehicle developed by Boeing for the United States Navy.
- Poseidon — Russian nuclear-powered autonomous underwater vehicle capable of carrying a nuclear warhead.
Underwater and marine robots
[edit]- Autosub — series of autonomous underwater vehicles developed in the United Kingdom.
- Boaty McBoatface — autonomous underwater vehicle operated by the National Oceanography Centre.
- Jason — remotely operated deep-sea research vehicle operated by the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
- Kaikō — Japanese remotely operated deep-sea research vehicle.
- Nereus — hybrid autonomous and remotely operated deep-sea vehicle.
- REMUS — series of autonomous underwater vehicles developed for research, surveying, and search operations.
- Sentry — autonomous underwater vehicle operated by the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
Space and planetary robots
[edit]- CIMON — free-flying robotic assistant used aboard the International Space Station.
- Curiosity — NASA rover exploring Mars.
- Ingenuity — robotic helicopter operated on Mars by NASA.
- Lunokhod 1 — Soviet robotic lunar rover.
- Lunokhod 2 — Soviet robotic lunar rover.
- Opportunity — NASA Mars rover operated from 2004 to 2018.
- Perseverance — NASA rover exploring Mars.
- Pragyan — Indian lunar rover used during the Chandrayaan-3 mission.
- Sojourner — NASA's first rover to operate on Mars.
- Spirit — NASA Mars rover operated from 2004 to 2010.
- Yutu — Chinese lunar rover carried by Chang'e 3.
- Yutu-2 — Chinese lunar rover carried by Chang'e 4.
- Zhurong — Chinese Mars rover carried by the Tianwen-1 mission.
Educational, research and open-source robots
[edit]Educational and research robots
[edit]- Boe-Bot — programmable wheeled robot used in robotics education.
- HERO — educational robot series produced by Heathkit.
- iRobot Create — programmable mobile robot based on the Roomba platform.[26]
- Khepera — small mobile robot used in robotics research and education.
- Lego Mindstorms — programmable robotics construction platform developed by Lego.
- Bioloid — educational robotics platform developed by Robotis.
Open-source robot platforms
[edit]- ArduCopter — open-source multirotor aircraft platform based on ArduPilot.
- e-puck — open mobile robot platform designed for education and research.
- iCub — open humanoid robot platform developed for research in embodied cognition.
- OpenROV — open-source remotely operated underwater vehicle.
- Salvius — open-source humanoid robot.
- Thymio — open educational mobile robot.
- TurtleBot — open-source mobile robot platform used for education and research.
Telepresence robots
[edit]- Double — mobile telepresence robot developed by Double Robotics.
- IvanAnywhere — telepresence robot developed for remote workplace collaboration.
- QB — mobile telepresence robot developed by Anybots.
- Q(X) — telepresence robot developed by Anybots.
- TiLR — mobile telepresence robot developed by RoboDynamics.
Social and entertainment robots
[edit]- Ai-Da — humanoid robotic artist.[27]
- hitchBOT — social robot designed to travel by relying on assistance from humans.[28]
- Jibo — social and personal-assistant robot developed by Jibo, Inc.
- Kismet — expressive social robot developed at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
- PARO — therapeutic robot modeled after a baby harp seal.
- Pleo — robotic dinosaur designed as an interactive companion.
- Wakamaru — domestic and social robot developed by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries.
Robotic prostheses
[edit]- Bebionic — myoelectric prosthetic hand designed for everyday activities.
- Michelangelo Hand — articulated robotic hand prosthesis developed by Ottobock.
Biomimetic robots
[edit]- Roboboa — snake-like robotic toy developed by WowWee.
- RoboTuna — robotic fish developed at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology to study tuna-like swimming.
Other robots
[edit]- Alpha — robot developed for research and public demonstrations.
- Skycam — cable-suspended camera system used for aerial television coverage of sporting events as a cable robot.
- Terabot-S — mobile robot developed for research and experimentation.
- Vaimos — autonomous robotic bicycle developed for research.
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ↑ "Robots". Robots Guide. IEEE. Retrieved September 2, 2026.
- ↑ jk4e. "Awesome List of AI Humanoid Robots". GitHub. Retrieved September 2, 2026.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ↑ "Robotics Timeline". BBC News. BBC.
- ↑ "AI & Robotics". Computer History Museum. Computer History Museum.
- ↑ Eschner, Kat (December 8, 2017). "How Robots Left the Lab and Started Helping Humans". Smithsonian Magazine. Smithsonian Institution.
- ↑ "The Robots of Waseda: A 50-Year Journey in Humanoid Innovation". Waseda University. Waseda University. May 8, 2026.
- ↑ "Ameca: 'World's most advanced' humanoid robot ready to meet humans". BBC Newsround. BBC. April 17, 2024.
- ↑ "Humanoid robot learns how to run". BBC News. BBC.
- ↑ "Hyundai Motor Group to own Boston Dynamics in full with SoftBank stake buy". Reuters. July 16, 2026.
- ↑ "Tesla could start selling Optimus robots by the end of next year, Musk says". Reuters. April 24, 2024.
- ↑ Nussey, Sam (June 28, 2021). "Exclusive: SoftBank shrinks robotics business, stops Pepper production - sources". Reuters. Retrieved September 6, 2026.
- ↑ "Sophia, a famous robot and global icon of AI, wins hearts at Zimbabwe's innovation fair". Associated Press.
- ↑ Heater, Brian (April 21, 2021). "The ANYmal inspection robot gives Spot some four-legged competition". TechCrunch.
- ↑ Goddard, Louis (September 6, 2012). "Cheetah robot sets 28.3 mph speed record, outrunning Usain Bolt". The Verge.
- ↑ "How Boston Dynamics Taught Its Robots to Dance". IEEE Spectrum. IEEE.
- ↑ "Boston Dynamics' $75,000 robot dog is for sale—take a look". CNBC. June 22, 2020.
- ↑ Seitz, Patrick (March 16, 2016). "IRobot Hopes To Clean Up In Floor-Mopping Business". Investor's Business Daily. Retrieved August 9, 2016.
- ↑ "Robots: Brave New World moves a step closer". BBC News. BBC. January 3, 2013.
- ↑ "Amazon robotics: Meet the robots inside fulfillment centers". About Amazon. Amazon.
- ↑ "One-armed factory robot Sawyer goes on sale". BBC News. BBC. September 24, 2015.
- ↑ "Boston Dynamics unveils Stretch: a new robot designed to move boxes in warehouses". The Verge. March 29, 2021.
- ↑ Knight, Will (November 11, 2015). "Robot Makes Sure Stores Don't Run Out of Doritos". MIT Technology Review.
- ↑ "FarmWise Titan FT-35: The 100 Best Inventions of 2020". Time. November 19, 2020.
- ↑ Vincent, James (January 23, 2019). "Amazon has made its own autonomous six-wheeled delivery robot". The Verge.
- ↑ Garreau, Joel (May 6, 2007). "Bots on the Ground". The Washington Post.
- ↑ Kanellos, Michael (January 7, 2007). "Build your own bot, courtesy of iRobot". CNET.
- ↑ "The new Picasso? Meet Ai-Da the robot artist". Reuters. February 12, 2019.
- ↑ Dave, Paresh (August 3, 2015). "Hitchhiking robot that made it across Canada maimed on U.S. road trip". Los Angeles Times.
