Large-eye conger
| Large-eye conger | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Large-eye Conger | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Division: | Teleostei |
| Order: | Anguilliformes |
| Family: | Congridae |
| Genus: | Ariosoma |
| Species: | A. marginatum |
| Binomial name | |
| Ariosoma marginatum | |
| Synonyms[2] | |
| |
The large-eye conger[3] (Ariosoma marginatum) is an eel in the family Congridae (conger/garden eels).[4] This fish also goes by the name puhi.[5] Ariosoma marginatum and other conger eels are also called White Eels in the Hawaiian Islands.[6] It was described by Léon Vaillant and Henri Émile Sauvage in 1875, originally under the genus Congrogadus.[7] It is a tropical, marine eel which is known from the northwestern and eastern central Pacific Ocean, including Hawaii and the Ladd Seamount.
Description
[edit]Ariosoma marginatum typically ranges from very pale brown to pale brown in color dorsally, and white ventrally.[8] It's anal, caudal, and dorsal fin are defined by a narrow black border.[8] The species name, marginatum denotes the blackish margin along the dorsal and anal fins.[9] Males generally reach a maximum total length of 38 centimetres (15 in), though particularly large males will reach 16 in.[10] They have large eyes, roughly equal in length to the snout.[6] Its eyes are encased in a layer of heavy transparent flesh.[10] As with other congrid eels in the genus Ariosoma, the large-eye conger is one of the primary food sources of the Hawaiian monk seal.[11]
Distribution & Habitat
[edit]Ariosoma marginatum is endemic to the Hawaiian Islands and Johnston Atoll.[5] The large-eye conger is commonly found in some shallow-water, sandy areas.[10] While the large-eye conger is mainly active at night, swimming in open water, it spends its days hiding under the sand, with only its head visible; if approached, it quickly retreats headfirst beneath the surface.[9] Ariosoma marginatum inhabits the shallows up to a depth of 490 metres (1600 ft), and leads a benthic, nocturnal, sand-dwelling lifestyle.[6]
Human Use
[edit]Ariosoma marginatum has been used as a food item by inhabitants of Hawaii, and sold in markets there.[8]
References
[edit]- ↑ McCosker, J.; Tighe, K.; Smith, D.G. (2019). "Ariosoma marginatum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019 e.T199133A2562488. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T199133A2562488.en. Retrieved 1 January 2022.
- ↑ Synonyms of Ariosoma marginatum at www.fishbase.org.
- ↑ Common names for Ariosoma marginatum at www.fishbase.org.
- ↑ Ariosoma marginatum at www.fishbase.org.
- 1 2 Mundy, Bruce (2005). Checklist of the fishes of the Hawaiian Archipelago
- 1 2 3 Randall, John Ernest (2010). Shore fishes of Hawaiʿi. Honolulu: University of Hawaiʿi press. ISBN 978-0-8248-3427-2.
- ↑ Vaillant, L. L. and H.-E. Sauvage, 1875 [ref. 17853] Note sur quelques espèces nouvelles de poissons des îles Sandwich. Revue et Magasin de Zoologie (Ser. 3) v. 3: 278-287.
- 1 2 3 Jenkins, Oliver Peebles, 1850-. Report On Collections of Fishes Made In the Hawaiian Islands, With Descriptions of New Species. Washington: U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1903.
- 1 2 Hoover, John (October 31, 2010). The Ultimate Guide to Hawaiian Reef Fishes: Sea Turtles, Dolphins, Whales, and Seals. Mutual Publishing. ISBN 978-1566478878.
- 1 2 3 Gosline, William A.; Brock, Vernon E. (2021-05-25). Handbook of Hawaiian Fishes. University of Hawaii Press. doi:10.1515/9780824885090/html. ISBN 978-0-8248-8509-0.
- ↑ University of Hawaii. (1947). Pacific science (Vol. 13, Issue 3, p. 250). University Press of Hawaii. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/54357188
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