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// Workers AI · dad joke modeWhat did KREMEN1 say to KREMEN2? You're a crema of the crop.

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

KREMEN1
Identifiers
AliasesKREMEN1, KREMEN, KRM1, kringle containing transmembrane protein 1, ECTD13
External IDsOMIM: 609898; MGI: 1933988; GeneCards: KREMEN1
Available structures
PDBOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB
Orthologs
DatabasesNCBI: entry; OMA: entry
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_001039570
NM_032045
NM_153379

NM_032396

RefSeq (protein)

NP_001034659
NP_114434

NP_115772

Location (UCSC)Chr 22: 29.07 – 29.17 MbChr 11: 5.14 – 5.21 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Kremen protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KREMEN1 gene.[5][6] Kremen1 is conserved in chordates including amphioxus[7] and most vertebrate species.[8] The protein is a type I transmembrane receptor of ligands Dickkopf1,[9] Dickkopf2, Dickkopf3, Dickkopf4, EpCAM[10] and R-spondin 1.

Function

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This gene encodes a high-affinity dickkopf homolog 1 (DKK1) transmembrane receptor that functionally cooperates with DKK1 to block wingless (WNT)/beta-catenin signaling. The encoded protein is a component of a membrane complex that modulates canonical WNT signaling through lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 (LRP6). It contains extracellular Kringle, WSC, and CUB domains. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been observed for this gene.[6]

Kremen1 also has a function in the induction of cell death by apoptosis.[8] This proapoptotic activity is conditional and depends on the absence of ligand Dickkopf1.[8] These observations led to the classification of this protein as a Dependence Receptor.

A mouse knock out of Kremen1 and its paralog Kremen2 is viable and fertile.[11]

References

[edit]
  1. 1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000183762 – Ensembl, May 2017
  2. 1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000020393 – Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ↑ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ↑ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ↑ Nakamura T, Aoki S, Kitajima K, Takahashi T, Matsumoto K, Nakamura T (March 2001). "Molecular cloning and characterization of Kremen, a novel kringle-containing transmembrane protein". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. 1518 (1–2): 63–72. doi:10.1016/s0167-4781(01)00168-3. PMID 11267660.
  6. 1 2 "Entrez Gene: KREMEN1 kringle containing transmembrane protein 1".
  7. ↑ Zhang Y, Mao B (September 2010). "Embryonic expression and evolutionary analysis of the amphioxus Dickkopf and Kremen family genes". Journal of Genetics and Genomics = Yi Chuan Xue Bao. 37 (9): 637–645. doi:10.1016/S1673-8527(09)60082-5. PMID 20933216.
  8. 1 2 3 Causeret F, Sumia I, Pierani A (February 2016). "Kremen1 and Dickkopf1 control cell survival in a Wnt-independent manner". Cell Death and Differentiation. 23 (2): 323–332. doi:10.1038/cdd.2015.100. PMC 4716294. PMID 26206087.
  9. ↑ Mao B, Wu W, Davidson G, Marhold J, Li M, Mechler BM, et al. (June 2002). "Kremen proteins are Dickkopf receptors that regulate Wnt/beta-catenin signalling". Nature. 417 (6889): 664–667. Bibcode:2002Natur.417..664M. doi:10.1038/nature756. PMID 12050670. S2CID 4418943.
  10. ↑ Lu H, Ma J, Yang Y, Shi W, Luo L (March 2013). "EpCAM is an endoderm-specific Wnt derepressor that licenses hepatic development". Developmental Cell. 24 (5): 543–553. doi:10.1016/j.devcel.2013.01.021. PMID 23484855.
  11. ↑ Ellwanger K, Saito H, Clément-Lacroix P, Maltry N, Niedermeyer J, Lee WK, et al. (August 2008). "Targeted disruption of the Wnt regulator Kremen induces limb defects and high bone density". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 28 (15): 4875–4882. doi:10.1128/MCB.00222-08. PMC 2493355. PMID 18505822.

Further reading

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