June 1903
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The following events occurred in June 1903:
- The International Congress of Miners, representing 1,271,500 miners, opened in Brussels in Belgium. The Congress adopted a resolution the next day for a guaranteed minimum wage, and pledging that members would participate in politics.[1]
- In Philadelphia, the 90,000 unionized textile workers went on strike for shorter hours and higher wages.[1]
- In Canada, the Premier of British Columbia was dismissed by the province's Lieutenant Governor.[1]
- The Congress of Chile opened its new session.[1]
- Born: Vasyl Velychkovsky, Ukrainian bishop and martyr, in Stanislav (died 1973)
- An earthquake of 6.9 magnitude struck the Alaska Peninsula, part of the territory of the United States.[1]
- A tornado killed 64 people in the U.S. state of Georgia, and injured more than 200.[1]
- English artist Laura Johnson married painter Harold Knight.[2]
June 4, 1903 (Thursday)
[edit]- In the U.S. state of Kansas, a collision between two trains on the Sante Fe line killed nine people and injured 28 others at Paola, Kansas, one mile north of Stillwell.[3]
June 5, 1903 (Friday)
[edit]- Sir Edward Elgar conducted his oratorio, The Dream of Gerontius, at Westminster Cathedral, the first time it had been performed in London.
- U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt reutrned to Washington after his tour of the western United States, having traveled 14,000 miles and having made 263 speeches.[1]
- Born: Aram Khachaturian, Armenian composer, in Tiflis, Russian Empire (died 1978)
June 7, 1903 (Sunday)
[edit]- The Legislative Assembly in the South African colony of Transavaal voted to exclude limit voting to white residents.[1]
- A force of 3,500 men of the French Foreign Legion crossed from French Algeria into the Sultanate of Morocco to attack villages in the Figuig district.[1]
- Born: Marguerite Yourcenar, Belgian-French author, in Brussels (died 1987)
- Trinity College, Dublin, announced its intention to accept women as full members in the following year. "Steamboat ladies" from Oxford and Cambridge would be among the first recipients.[6]
- Died: Gaspar Núñez de Arce, 68, Spanish poet
- The Belgian steam Rubens capsized and sunk in the North Sea, killing 11 of its 15 crew.[7]
- Born: Theo Lingen, German actor (d. 1978)
- King Alexander I of Serbia and his wife Queen Draga were assassinated in a coup d'état in Belgrade by conspirators from the Black Hand (Crna Ruka) society. The assassins also shot and killed the Serbian prime minister and several members of his cabinet, and two of the Queen's brothers.[8]
- Harry Vardon of Jersey won the 1903 Open Championship golf tournament at Prestwick in Scotland.[9]
- Nikolai Bugaev, 65, Russian mathematician
June 12, 1903 (Friday)
[edit]- An edict by the Russian Empire was passed to place all property of the Armenian Church under Tsarist Imperial control, prompting the founding of the Armenian Revolutionary Federation, a militia to act as guards of the churches and protesters for religious freedom.[10]
- The Kitemark service quality mark of product approval was started by the British Standards Institution, now the BSI Group.[11]
- Sigma Alpha Iota, an honorary fraternity for musicians, was founded at the School of Music at the University of Michigan.
- Italy's Prime Minister, Giuseppe Zanardelli, resigned after losing a vote in the Italian Chamber of Deputies. He would reconsider the next day, and would remain in the post until November.[12]
- Heppner flood of 1903: The town of Heppner, Oregon, was nearly destroyed by a cloud burst that resulted in a flash flood that killed an estimated 247 people.[13]
June 15, 1903 (Monday)
[edit]- Prince Peter Karageorgevitch was unanimously selected as the new King of Serbia by the kingdom's Senate, four days after King Alexander's assassination.[1]
- In Germany's federal election, the Social Democratic Party (SPD) won the popular vote, but the Centre Party remained the largest party in the Reichstag.[14]
- In the Danish Folketing election, the Venstre Reform Party, under incumbent Council President Johan Henrik Deuntzer, won 73 of the 114 seats.[15]
- Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen set off from Oslo in an attempt at the first east–west navigation of the Northwest Passage.[16]
- The Ford Motor Company was incorporated in Detroit by Henry Ford.[17]
- Prime Minister Kálmán Széll of Hungary resigned along with his cabinet after tendering his resignation to the Emperor of Austria-Hungary.[1]
- The British ironclad turret ship HMS Scorpion foundered in the Atlantic Ocean while being towed from the United Kingdom to the United States to be scrapped, and was lost.[18] The Royal Navy ship had already been decommissioned, sunk as a target, and raised for its scrap value.
- In England, an explosion of lyddite at an arsenal in Woolwich killed 16 men and seriously injured 17 others.[1]
- Born:
- Jeanette MacDonald, American singer and actress, in Philadelphia (died 1965)
- Raymond Radiguet, French author, in Saint-Maur (died 1923)
- The United States military officially adopted the M1903 Springfield rifle.
- A minor earthquake (4.9 magnitude) struck an area of North Wales, UK, centred on the town of Caernarfon.[19]
- Born:
- Lou Gehrig, American baseball player, in New York City (died 1941)[20]
- Wally Hammond, English cricketer, in Dover (died 1965)
- Died: Herbert Vaughan, 71, English Catholic cardinal and Archbishop of Westminster
- The U.S. magazine The Saturday Evening Post began its serialization of Jack London's third novel, The Call of the Wild.
- Born:
- Al Hirschfeld, American caricaturist, in St Louis (died 2003)
- Alf Sjöberg, Swedish theatre and film director, in Stockholm (died 1980)
- Born:
- John Dillinger, American gangster, in Indianapolis (died 1934)
- Jiro Horikoshi, Japanese aircraft designer, in Fujioka (died 1982)
- Ben Pollack, American jazz drummer and bandleader, in Chicago (died 1971)
- George White, an African-American suspected of murdering Helen Bishop, a minister's daughter, was lynched in New Castle County, Delaware.[21]
- Born: Anthony Veiller, American screenwriter and film producer, son of screenwriter Bayard Veiller and actress Margaret Wycherly, in New York City (died 1965)
June 24, 1903 (Wednesday)
[edit]- Wilbur Wright made a presentation to the Western Scoeity of Engineers in Chicago to give details of the progress that he and his brother Orville Wright had made in 1902 with their glider experiments, but avoided any mention of their plans to make the first engine-powered flight, which would take place almost six months later on December 17, 1903, at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina.[22]
- The Ignace Bourget Monument, sculpted by Louis-Philippe Hébert in honor of the Roman Catholic Bishop of Montreal, Ignace Bourget (1799–1885).
- Born:
- Pierre Brossolette, French journalist and resistance fighter, in Paris (died 1944)
- George Orwell, English author, in Motihari, Bengal Presidency, British India, under the name Eric Arthur Blair (died 1950)
June 26, 1903 (Friday)
[edit]- Croydon Mental Hospital, the first institution to be referred to as a "mental hospital" or a "mental institution" (as opposed to a "lunatic asylum") was opened at Warlingham, Surrey, south of London a research hospital for psychiatric treatment. Considered an improvement, the hospital's treatment research included now-discredited procedures including psychosurgery (including the lobotomy) and electruc shock therapy.[23]
- The Culebra Naval Reservation was established by U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt at Culebra Island in the newly acquired U.S. territory of Puerto Rico for military exercises and training, and would operate until 1975.[24]
- The White Star Line ocean liner SS Arabic, with accommodation for 1,400 passengers, began its maiden voyage from Liverpool in the United Kingdom, arriving in New York City in the U.S. on July 5.[25] The Arabic would be sunk by a German submarine during World War One, on August 19, 1915.[25]
- Born:
- Vice-Admiral Harry DeWolf, Royal Canadian Navy officer who commanded HMCS Haida during World War II; in Bedford, Nova Scotia (d.2000)[26]
- Vice-Admiral John Lancaster, British Royal Navy officer (d. 1992)[27]
- Almost 200 train passengers were killed in an accident in Spain.[1]
- Count Károly Khuen-Héderváry formed a new cabinet as Prime Minister of Hungary.
- American socialite Aida de Acosta, age 19, became the first woman to fly a powered aircraft solo when she piloted Santos-Dumont's motorized dirigible, "No. 9", from Paris to Château de Bagatelle in France.[28]
- Elisabeth Moore won the Women's Singles competition at the 1903 U.S. National Championships tennis tournament.[29]
June 28, 1903 (Sunday)
[edit]- The Goethe Monument, with a statue created by Carl Seffner, was dedicated in the German city of Leipzig.
- The first international New Thought convention was held at the grand hall on the top of the Masonic Temple Building in Chicago and attended by 1,200 adherents of the movement from 20 organizations.
- Born:
- Adrian Rollini, American jazz saxophonist known for his choices for unusual wind instruments, including the couesnophone and the hot fountain pen clarinet; in New York City (d. 1956)[30]
- Died: Thomas Chalmers, 87, American industrialist and co-founder of the Allis-Chalmers industrial equipment company[31]
- A meteorite fall, classification H5, was observed in Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
- Willie Anderson of Scotland won the U.S. Open golf tournament.[32]
- Born: Alan Blumlein, British electronics engineer, in London (died 1942)
- A meteorite fall, classification L6, was observed in Rich Mountain (Watauga County, North Carolina), United States.
References
[edit]- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 "Diary for June", The Review of Reviews (July 1903) pp.13-15
- ↑ "Penlee Gallery biography". Archived from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2017-03-20.
- ↑ "Nine Killed in Head on Collision of the Santa Fe", Chicago Daily Tribune, June 5, 1903, p.3
- ↑ Mrđenović, Dušan (1988). Владе и устави Кнежевине Србије, Краљевине Србије, Краљевине СХС и Краљевине Југославије (1835—1941) [Governments and Constitutions of the Principality of Serbia, the Kingdom of Serbia, the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, Slovenes and Serbs and the Kingdom of Yugoslavia (1835—1941)]. Београд: Nova Knijga. p. 169. ISBN 86-7335-066-2.
- ↑ Liban had collided with another ship, Insulaire, near Marseille."French Steamer Sunk; Over 150 May Be Dead", The New York Times, June 8, 1903, p.1
- ↑ "A Timeline of the History of Women in Trinity". A Century of Women in Trinity College. Archived from the original on March 13, 2016. Retrieved 8 March 2017.
- ↑ "SS Rubens (+1903)". wrecksite.eu. Retrieved 10 February 2020.
- ↑ Dorich, William (October 1992). Kosovo. ISBN 0-317-05074-5.
- ↑ Brenner, Morgan G. (2009). The Majors of Golf: Complete Results of the Open, the U.S. Open, the PGA Championship and the Masters, 1860–2008. Vol. 1. McFarland. ISBN 978-0-7864-3360-5.
- ↑ Geifman, Anna (1995). Thou Shalt Kill: Revolutionary Terrorism in Russia, 1894-1917. Princeton University Press. pp. 21–22. ISBN 0-691-02549-5
- ↑ McWilliam, Robert C. (2001). BSI: The first hundred years. London: Thanet Press.
- ↑ "Work On Italian Cabinet; Premier Zanardelli Tries in Vain to Get Strengthening Material" (PDF). The New York Times. June 21, 1903.
- ↑ "Oregon's Top 10 Weather Events of 1900s". National Weather Service. Archived from the original on October 19, 2004. Retrieved November 20, 2010.
- ↑ Nohlen, D & Stöver, P (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p762 ISBN 978-3-8329-5609-7
- ↑ Nohlen, D & Stöver, P (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p524 ISBN 978-3-8329-5609-7
- ↑ Roald Amundsen and the Exploration of the Northwest Passage. Oslo, Norway: Fram Museum. 2008. pp. 63, 65. ISBN 9788282350013.
- ↑ James Martin Miller; Henry Ford (1922), The amazing story of Henry Ford, M. A. Donohue & co., p. 72
- ↑ "HMS Scorpion". Navy Historical Center (United States Navy). Archived from the original on 2008-10-07. Retrieved 2008-08-19.
- ↑ "Notes on individual earthquakes". British Geological Survey. Archived from the original on 16 May 2011. Retrieved 8 December 2011.
- ↑ "Lou Gehrig Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Rookie Status & More". Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 13 September 2023.
- ↑ Themal, Harry (January 9, 2017). "New Castle County's gruesome 1903 lynching by fire". Delaware Online. Retrieved May 25, 2018.
- ↑ Combs, Harry (1979). Kill Devil Hill: Discovering the Secret of the Wright Brothers. Englewood, Colorado: TernStyle Press. pp. 186–187. ISBN 0-940-05302-0.
- ↑ "Index of English and Welsh Lunatic Asylums and Mental Hospitals".
- ↑ "Puerto Ricans expel United States Navy from Culebra Island, 1970-1974". Swarthmore College. Retrieved February 9, 2013.
- 1 2 de Kerbrech, Richard (1988). Ships of the White Star Line. Conway Maritime. pp. 111–113. ISBN 9780851774732.
- ↑ "Vice-Admiral Harry DeWolf: Naval hero had bold manoeuvres". National Post. Toronto. December 22, 2000. p. A16 – via Newspapers.com.
- ↑ "Vice-Admiral Sir John Lancaster", The Times (London), 16 January 1992, p. 16.
- ↑ "Women in Transportation – Changing America's History: Reference Materials" (PDF). United States Department of Transportation. March 1998. p. 10. Retrieved 2012-08-21.
- ↑ Spalding's Lawn Tennis Annual for 1904. New York: American Sports Publishing Company. 1904. p. 119.
- ↑ "Adrian Rollini, 52, Dies: Orchestra Leader 30 Years Operated Lodge in Florida". The New York Times. May 16, 1956. p. 35.
- ↑ "Thomas Chalmers, Pioneer, Is Dead". The Inter Ocean. Newspapers.com. 14 July 1903. p. 2. Retrieved 2022-10-01.
- ↑ "1903 U.S. Open". Archived from the original on 2014-04-27. Retrieved 2017-04-03.