Gynocardia
| Gynocardia | |
|---|---|
 | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Embryophytes |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Malpighiales |
| Family: | Achariaceae |
| Genus: | Gynocardia R.Br. |
| Species: | G. odorata |
| Binomial name | |
| Gynocardia odorata | |
| Synonyms | |
|
Chaulmoogra odorata Roxb. | |
Gynocardia is a genus of dioecious evergreen tree belonging to the Achariaceae family, containing the sole species Gynocardia odorata.[2] The trees grow up to 30 m tall. The species is found in moist forests of mountain valleys in South Asia - India, South-east Tibet and Yunnan in China, Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan and Myanmar.
The seeds of this plant have been confused with Hydnocarpus wightianus as the chaulmoogra oil, which is used in Indian medicine to treat several skin conditions and diseases. During British rule, several British doctors studied the use of this oil in the treatment of leprosy, lupus, scrofula, and many skin diseases. The oil was prescribed for leprosy as a mixture suspended in gum or as an emulsion.[3] However, it has later been clarified that the actual chaulmoogra referred to in Sanskrit texts for the treatment of leprosy, as Tuvaraka[4] is actually Hydnocarpus wightianus.[5]
Gynocardin is a chemical compound, classified as a cyanogenic glycoside, that was first isolated from Gynocardia odorata and characterized in 1905.[6][7]
References
[edit]- ↑ Roxburgh, Pl. Coromandel. 3: 95. 1820.
- ↑ "Gynocardia". Flora of China. Retrieved 2021-03-17 – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
- ↑ Cottle, Wyndham (28 June 1879). "Chaulmoogra Oil in Leprosy". The British Medical Journal. 1 (965): 968–969. doi:10.1136/bmj.1.965.968. JSTOR 25251370. PMC 2239681. PMID 20749243.
- ↑ Sudarshan, S.R. (2005). Encyclopaedia of Indian Medicine: Diseases and their cures. Mumbai: Popular Prakashan. p. 127. ISBN 81-7154-862-8.
- ↑ Buckingham, Jane (2002). Leprosy in Colonial South India: Medicine and Confinement), pp. 91-92. Houndmills, UK: Palgrave. pp. 91–92. ISBN 9780333926222.
- ↑ Power, Frederick Belding; Lees, Frederic Herbert (1905). "XLII.—Gynocardin, a new cyanogenetic glucoside". J. Chem. Soc., Trans. 87: 349–357. doi:10.1039/CT9058700349.
- ↑ Coburn, Robert A.; Long, Louis (1966). "Gynocardin". The Journal of Organic Chemistry. 31 (12): 4312–4315. doi:10.1021/jo01350a550.