Gymnopus
| Gymnopus | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Gymnopus dryophilus | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Basidiomycota |
| Class: | Agaricomycetes |
| Order: | Agaricales |
| Family: | Omphalotaceae |
| Genus: | Gymnopus (Pers.) Gray (1821) |
| Type species | |
| Gymnopus fusipes (Bull.) Gray (1821) | |
| Species | |
|
~ 300 | |
Gymnopus is a genus of fungi in the family Omphalotaceae. Basidiocarps (fruit bodies) are agarics (gilled mushrooms) and are saprotrophic, mostly decomposing leaf litter. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution and contains about 300 species.[1]
Taxonomy
[edit]The name Gymnopus was originally proposed in 1801 by South African born Dutch mycologist Christian Hendrik Persoon as a section of the old genus Agaricus and was later raised to genus level by British naturalist Samuel Frederick Gray. For many years Gymnopus was considered a synonym of Collybia, until a 1997 revision reinstated the genus for a group of species related to the type.[2][3]
Description
[edit]Fruit bodies are agaricoid with small to medium-sized caps and a central stem without a ring. Some have a distinct smell like rotten cabbage or garlic. Their spore deposit is white.[4] With one known exception (Gymnopus subnudus), the mating patterns of Gymnopus all seem to be bifactorial, meaning that there is more than one locus responsible for regulating mating compatibility.[5][6]
Habitat
[edit]Gymnopus species are saprotrophic,[7] typically found in woodland decomposing fallen leaves and woody litter.[3][8]
Representative species
[edit]
References
[edit]- ↑ Kirk PM, Cannon PF, Minter DW, Stalpers JA (2008). Dictionary of the Fungi (10th ed.). Wallingford, UK: CABI. p. 298. ISBN 978-0-85199-826-8.
- ↑ "Antonín, V.; Noordeloos, M.E. 1997. A monograph of Marasmius, Collybia and related genera in Europe. Part 2: Collybia, Gymnopus, Rhodocollybia, Crinipellis, Chaetocalathus, and additions to Marasmiellus. Libri Botanici. 17:1-256". www.mycobank.org. Retrieved 2019-03-28.
- 1 2 Mata, JL & Ovrebo, C (2009). "New reports and illustrations of Gymnopus for Costa Rica and Panama" (PDF). Fungal Diversity. 38: 125–131.
- ↑ H Knudsen; J Vesterholt (2012). Funga Nordica. Copenhagen: Nordsvamp. p. 342. ISBN 978-87-983961-3-0.
- ↑ BPS Nieuwenhuis; S Billiard; S Vuilleumier; E Petit; ME Hood & T Giraud (2013). "Evolution of uni- and bifactorial sexual compatibility systems in fungi". Heredity (Edinb). 111 (6): 445–455. Bibcode:2013Hered.111..445N. doi:10.1038/hdy.2013.67. PMC 3833681. PMID 23838688.
- ↑ JL Mata; RE Halling; RH Petersen (2004). "New species and mating system reports in Gymnopus (Agaricales) from Costa Rica" (PDF). Fungal Diversity. 16: 113–129.
- ↑ RH Petersen & KW Hughes (2014). "New North American species of Gymnopus". North American Fungi. 9: 1–22. doi:10.2509/naf2014.009.003 (inactive 1 July 2025).
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of July 2025 (link) - ↑ Murphy, John F.; Miller, Orson K. (1993). "The population biology of two litter decomposing agarics on a Southern Appalachian mountain". Mycologia. 85 (5): 769–776. doi:10.2307/3760608. ISSN 0027-5514. JSTOR 3760608.
Further reading
[edit]- Mata JL, Hughes KW, Petersen RH (2006). "An investigation of Omphalotaceae (Fungi : Euagarics) with emphasis on the genus Gymnopus" (PDF). Sydowia. 58 (2): 191–289.
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