// Workers AI · dad joke modeIs Geranyl formate an attractive compound? It's a forming bond.
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| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
Geranyl formate | |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) |
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| ECHA InfoCard | 100.003.037 |
PubChem CID |
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CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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| Properties | |
| C11H18O2 | |
| Molar mass | 182.263 g·mol−1 |
| Density | 0.92 g/cm3 |
| Boiling point | 92 °C (198 °F; 365 K) |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Geranyl formate is an organic compound from the group of terpenoid esters, derived from geraniol and formic acid.
Presence
[edit]Geranyl formate is found in geranium oil from Pelargonium graveolens. The proportion varies depending on the source; in one study, the content in the essential oil ranged from less than 1% to almost 9%, with an average of about 5%.[1] In another study, the content was between 4.1% and 4.7%.[2] In a third study, the composition of geranium oil was determined depending on the harvest time. In this case, the proportion of geranyl formate varied between 3.8% and 6.2%.[3] It is also found in annatto seeds[4] and is also produced during the autoxidation of geraniol.[5]
Usage
[edit]Geranyl formate is approved in the European Union under FL number 09.076 as a general food flavoring.[6] Geranyl formate is also used as a fragrance. The worldwide usage in this area is in the range of 10 to 100 tonnes per year.[7]
References
[edit]- ↑ Sandasi, M.; Kamatou, G.P.P.; Gavaghan, C.; Baranska, M.; Viljoen, A.M. (2011). "A quality control method for geranium oil based on vibrational spectroscopy and chemometric data analysis". Vibrational Spectroscopy. 57 (2): 242–247. Bibcode:2011VibSp..57..242S. doi:10.1016/j.vibspec.2011.08.002.
- ↑ Rajeswara Rao, B.; Kaul, P. N.; Syamasundar, K. V.; Ramesh, S. (2002). "Water soluble fractions of rose-scented geranium (Pelargonium species) essential oil". Bioresource Technology. 84 (3): 243–246. Bibcode:2002BiTec..84..243R. doi:10.1016/S0960-8524(02)00057-3. PMID 12118700.
- ↑ Verma, Ram S.; Rahman, Laiq ur; Verma, Rajesh K.; Chauhan, Amit; Singh, Anand (2013). "Essential oil composition of Pelargonium graveolens l'Her ex Ait. Cultivars harvested in different seasons". Journal of Essential Oil Research. 25 (5): 372–379. doi:10.1080/10412905.2013.782476.
- ↑ Jondiko, Isaac J.O.; Pattenden, Gerald (1989). "Terpenoids and an apocarotenoid from seeds of Bixa orellana". Phytochemistry. 28 (11): 3159–3162. Bibcode:1989PChem..28.3159J. doi:10.1016/0031-9422(89)80298-5.
- ↑ Bäcktorp, Carina; Hagvall, Lina; Börje, Anna; Karlberg, Ann-Therese; Norrby, Per-Ola; Nyman, Gunnar (2008). "Mechanism of Air Oxidation of the Fragrance Terpene Geraniol". Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation. 4 (1): 101–106. Bibcode:2008JCTC....4..101B. doi:10.1021/ct7001495. PMID 26619983.
- ↑ "Food and Feed Information Portal Database | FIP".
- ↑ Api, A.M.; et al. (2024). "RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, geranyl formate, CAS Registry Number 105-86-2". Food and Chemical Toxicology. 183 114250. doi:10.1016/j.fct.2023.114250. PMID 38040244.