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Functional area

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Functional areas (AAV) of Metropolitan France in 2020, broken down by communes (commune borders as of January 1, 2020):
  Communes in the main population and employment centre of a functional area
  Communes in a secondary population and employment centre of a functional area
  Communes in the commuting zone of a functional area (functional areas with more than 700,000 inhabitants)
  Communes in the commuting zone of a functional area (functional areas between 200,000 and 700,000 inhabitants)
  Communes in the commuting zone of a functional area (functional areas between 50,000 and 200,000 inhabitants)
  Communes in the commuting zone of a functional area (functional areas with less than 50,000 inhabitants)
  Communes outside of functional areas

An aire d'attraction d'une ville[note 1] (or AAV, literally meaning "catchment area of a city") is a statistical area used by France's national statistics office INSEE since 2020, officially translated as functional area in English by INSEE,[2] which consists of a densely populated urban agglomeration and the surrounding exurbs, towns and intervening rural areas that are socioeconomically tied to the central urban agglomeration, as measured by commuting patterns.[1] INSEE's functional area (AAV) is therefore akin to what is most often called metropolitan area in English.

Definition

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INSEE's AAV follows the same definition as the Functional Urban Area (FUA) used by Eurostat and the OECD, and the AAVs are thus strictly comparable to the FUAs.[2] Before 2020, INSEE used another metropolitan statistical area, the aire urbaine (AU), which was defined differently than the AAV, but the AU has now been discontinued and replaced with the AAV in order to facilitate international comparisons with Eurostat's FUAs.[2]

The functional area is a grouping of communes comprising a 'population and employment centre' (pôle de population et d'emploi in French),[2][3] which Eurostat calls "city" or "greater city" (depending on the FUA),[4] defined according to population and employment criteria, and an outlying 'commuting zone' (couronne in French),[2][3] which Eurostats calls "commuting zone" in English,[4] like INSEE, but zone de navettage in French[5] (unlike INSEE which calls it couronne), in which at least 15% of the working population work in the population and employment centre.[2]

Table

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Rank
(2023)		 Rank
(2012)		 Rank
(1990)		 Functional area
(AAV)		 Population
(2023)[6]		 Population
(2012)[7]		 Population
(1990)[8]		 Yearly change
(2012–2023)		 Yearly change
(1990–2012)		 Land area
(km²)[9]		 Number of
communes[10]
1 1 1  Paris 13,320,752  12,734,837  11,392,740  +0.41% +0.51% 18,941 1,929
2 2 2  Lyon 2,339,329  2,135,294  1,790,325  +0.83% +0.81% 4,606 398
3 3 3  Marseille – Aix-en-Provence 1,917,728  1,815,196  1,594,849  +0.50% +0.59% 3,972 115
4 4 4  Lille (French part) 1,530,624  1,470,295  1,390,191  +0.37% +0.26% 1,666 201
5 5 6  Toulouse 1,529,112  1,322,271  935,009  +1.33% +1.60% 6,520 527
6 6 5  Bordeaux 1,426,278  1,229,618  986,179  +1.36% +1.02% 6,316 275
7 7 7  Nantes 1,050,815  917,944  722,234  +1.24% +1.11% 3,471 116
8 8 8  Strasbourg (French part) 875,163  817,493  704,238  +0.62% +0.69% 2,227 268
9 10 13  Montpellier 842,923  722,859  501,936  +1.41% +1.69% 2,414 161
10 12 12  Rennes 789,516  695,892  521,255  +1.15% +1.33% 3,804 183
11 9 10  Grenoble 727,380  702,884  614,455  +0.31% +0.62% 2,876 204
12 11 9  Rouen 715,234  691,256  646,549  +0.31% +0.31% 2,792 317
13 13 11  Nice[note 2] 641,721  603,992  558,520  +0.55% +0.36% 2,073 100
14 14 16  Toulon 591,135  546,677  481,466  +0.71% +0.58% 1,004 35
15 16 17  Tours 529,468  504,231  437,547  +0.44% +0.65% 3,632 162
16 18 18  Clermont-Ferrand 510,668  476,679  432,862  +0.51% +0.50% 2,845 209
17 15 14  Nancy 507,812  511,901  496,486  -0.07% +0.14% 3,121 353
18 17 15  Saint-Étienne 503,3512  489,046  491,789  +0.26% -0.03% 1,636 105
19 19 19  Caen 486,716  455,492  399,635  +0.60% +0.60% 2,597 296
20 20 20  Orléans 463,435  432,433  374,252  +0.63% +0.66% 3,422 136
21 30 41  Geneva – Annemasse (French part)[note 3] 460,952  382,331  258,475  +1.71% +1.81% 1,737 158
22 22 23  Angers 448,162  414,843  355,626  +0.70% +0.70% 2,419 81
23 26 34  Perpignan 432,128  392,701  301,619  +0.87% +1.22% 1,775 118
24 23 22  Dijon 419,527  400,804  365,025  +0.42% +0.43% 3,896 333
25 21 21  Mulhouse 410,900  408,461  370,251  +0.05% +0.45% 1,227 132
26 24 30  Cannes-Antibes 404,118  393,308  332,735  +0.25% +0.77% 432 24
27 28 27  Brest 381,115  362,509  335,795  +0.46% +0.35% 1,877 245
28 27 26  Metz 378,942  364,812  338,432  +0.35% +0.34% 1,265 68
29 29 33  Le Mans 371,448  363,691  326,702  +0.19% +0.49% 2,340 144
30 39 40  Nîmes 357,349  332,737  259,675  +0.65% +1.14% 1,468 92
31 32 32  Reims 356,721  348,281  329,208  +0.22% +0.26% 3,251 294
32 31 31  Amiens 354,121  349,530  329,781  +0.12% +0.27% 3,076 369
33 25 25  Fort-de-France 346,577  372,379  340,815  -0.65% +0.41% 974 28
34 38 38  Avignon 345,592  323,996  272,025  +0.59% +0.80% 964 48
35 34 28  Valenciennes (French part) 336,830  336,466  335,758  +0.01% +0.01% 725 102

See also

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Notes

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  1. ↑ Plural: aires d'attraction des villes.[1]
  2. ↑ Does not include Cannes-Antibes, which is considered by INSEE a separate AAV, contrary to the old aire urbaine of Nice which included Cannes and Antibes.
  3. ↑ French part of the Geneva Functional Urban Area (2,292 km2 (885 sq mi))[11] which extends over Swiss and French territory, and had a population of 1,079,840 in Jan. 2023 (Swiss estimates and French census), 618,888 of them on Swiss territory and 460,952 on French territory.[12]

References

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  1. 1 2 "Le nouveau zonage en aires d'attraction des villes". INSEE. Retrieved 2022-04-26.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Functional areas - Definition". INSEE. Retrieved 2022-04-26.
  3. 1 2 "Aire d'attraction des villes - Définition". INSEE. Retrieved 2022-04-26.
  4. 1 2 "What is a city? - Spatial units". Eurostat. Retrieved 2022-04-26.
  5. ↑ "Qu'est-ce qu'une ville? — Unités spatiales". Eurostat. Retrieved 2022-04-26.
  6. ↑ INSEE. "France par aire d'attraction des villes - Population municipale (historique depuis 1876) 2012 >> Tableau". Retrieved 2026-07-01.
  7. ↑ INSEE. "France par aire d'attraction des villes - Population municipale (historique depuis 1876) 2012 >> Tableau". Retrieved 2026-07-01.
  8. ↑ INSEE. "France par aire d'attraction des villes - Population municipale (historique depuis 1876) 1990 >> Tableau". Retrieved 2026-07-01.
  9. ↑ INSEE. "Comparateur de territoire". Retrieved 2022-04-27.
  10. ↑ INSEE. "Base des aires d'attraction des villes 2020 au 1ᵉʳ janvier 2022". Retrieved 2022-04-29.
  11. ↑ As of 2020, the Eurostat-defined Functional Urban Area of Geneva was made up of 93 Swiss communes and 158 French communes: Federal Statistical Office spreadsheet listing the Swiss and French communes of the Geneva Functional Urban Area.
    Land area of the 93 Swiss communes: 555.1 km² (source: ).
    Land area of the 158 French communes: 1737.1 km² (source: ).
  12. ↑ As of 2020, the Eurostat-defined Functional Urban Area of Geneva was made up of 93 Swiss communes and 158 French communes: Federal Statistical Office spreadsheet listing the Swiss and French communes of the Geneva Functional Urban Area.
    Population of the 93 Swiss communes in January 2023: 618,888 (source: ).
    Population of the 158 French communes in January 2023: 460,952 (source: ).
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