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Fore language

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Fore
Native toPapua New Guinea
RegionGoroka District, Eastern Highlands Province
EthnicityFore
Native speakers
(30,000 cited 2000)[1]
Dialects
  • Pamusa
Language codes
ISO 639-3for
Glottologfore1270

Fore or Foré (/ˈfɔːr/ FOR-ay[2]) is a Kainantu-Goroka language spoken in the Goroka District of Eastern Highlands Province, Papua New Guinea.

Phonology

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The consonants of Fore are as follows:[3]

Bilabial Dental/Alveolar Palatal Velar Glottal
Stops Plain p k ʔ
Prenasalized ᵐp ⁿ̪t̪~ⁿt ᵑk
Nasals m n̪~n
Fricative s̪~s
Approximants w j

All the dental consonants can vary to alveolar, except /t̪/ which is always dental. /p/, /t̪/, and /k/ are pronounced as /b~β/, /ɾ~l/, and /g~ɣ/ between vowels, and /p~ɸ/, /t̪~t/, /k~x/ word initially/.[4] Velar consonants are labialized after rounded vowels. /j/ is often pronounced as a fricative /ʝ/.

Fore has six vowels:

Front Central Back
Close i u
Mid ʌ
Open

It also has four diphthongs: ae, ao, ai, and au.

Fore has a pitch accent system. Each syllable is either accented or unaccented. Multiple accented syllables can occur in the same word, but they cannot be adjacent to each other.

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References

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  1. Fore at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022) Closed access icon
  2. Laurie Bauer, 2007, The Linguistics Student’s Handbook, Edinburgh
  3. Graham Scott. 1977. The Fore Language of Papua New Guinea. (Doctoral dissertation, Australian National University; xvi+244pp.) https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/server/api/core/bitstreams/c1e29047-94be-4757-a1d1-6679c850e3c9/content
  4. Fatkhiyati, Nurrahma (2023-02-19). "Morphological process found in Fore language in Papua New Guinea". Lililacs Journal. 3 (1): 15–23. doi:10.21009/lililacs.031.02. ISSN 2807-8845.