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Draft:Framestore

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NOTE. This is a draft page to replace the existing Framestore page. This is a COI edit and is now available for editors to review.

Overview

[edit]

Framestore is a British visual effects studio specializing in creating visual effects (VFX) and digital content for the film.[1], television, advertising, theme park rides, and immersive entertainment industries. Headquartered in London, England, the company is one of the largest production houses in Europe[2], maintaining a global presence with major studios located in Montreal, New York, Los Angeles, Chicago, Melbourne, and Mumbai[3]. Framestore employs approximately 3,000 staff worldwide.[4][5]

History & Milestones

[edit]

Key Developments:

  • 1986: Framestore was founded in London by William Sargent, Sharon Reed, Mike McGee, Alison Turner, and Jonathan Hills with their first project, AHA’s Take on Me music video.[6]
  • 1988: Tim Webber joined the company[7]
  • 1992: The company established its CGI department, led by Mike Milne, significantly expanding its capacity for computer-generated animation.[8]
  • 1997: Framestore acquired the Computer Film Company (CFC), a UK-based digital film VFX company founded in 1984. CFC was instrumental in developing early digital film technology, including techniques for digital scanning, compositing, and output, winning two Sci-Tech Awards from The Academy of Arts & Sciences in 1994 and 1995.[9]
  • 1999: Jonathan Glazer directed Guinness Surfer releases on St Patrick’s day with VFX by the London studio[10]
  • 1999: Six part nature documentary Walking with Dinosaurs released by the BBC[11]
  • 2001: Completes work on Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets, starting a relationship that would continue on the remaining 7 films, a franchise that would contribute to the growth of the UK VFX industry[12]
  • 2004: Framestore opened its New York office, initially focused on the advertising market.[13]
  • 2005: Framestore’s New York team redesign the GEICO Gecko[14]
  • 2008: BAFTA win and First VFX Oscar win for The Golden Compass[15]
  • 2008: The Tale of Despereaux released, Framestore’s first feature animated film.[16]
  • 2013: Studios in Montreal and Los Angeles open.
  • 2014: Wins VFX Oscar & BAFTA for Gravity, pioneering the use of LED lightbox[17]
  • 2017: A third US location opens in Chicago, Illinois.
  • 2018: Blade Runner: 2049 VFX Oscar & BAFTA win[18][19]
  • 2018: Kiyan Prince Foundation ‘Long Live the Prince’ wins Titanium Cannes Lion[20]
  • 2020: Framestore launches Framestore Pre Production Services and merges with Company 3 and Method Studios.[21][22]
  • 2021: Mumbai studio opens[23]
  • 2023: Method studio Melbourne rebrands as Framestore[24]
  • 2023: FQ Render Farm recognised with a technical achievement Sci-Tech Award[25]
  • 2026: Framestore’s Layered Shading System receives a Sci-Tech Award from the Academy of Motion Picture Arts & Sciences.[26]

Major Projects

[edit]

Film

[edit]

The studio's credit list spans film franchises and blockbusters. Notable credits include:

  • Academy Award Winners: The Golden Compass (2008)[27], Gravity (2014), and Blade Runner 2049 (2018).
  • Academy Award Nominations: F1[28] (2026), Wicked (2025)[29], Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 3 (2024)[30], Top Gun: Maverick (2023)[31], No Time To Die (2022)[32], The Midnight Sky (2021)[33], Christopher Robin (2019)[34], Avengers: Infinity War (2018)[35], Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2 (2018)[36],  The Martian (2015)[37], Guardians of the Galaxy (2015)[38], Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows Part 1 (2011)[39], The Dark Knight (2009)[40], and Superman Returns (2007)[41].
  • Major Franchises & Blockbusters: The Harry Potter series[42], Paddington[43], Avatar (2009)[44], Iron Man 3[45], Guardians of the Galaxy series[46], Fantastic Beasts series[47], Avengers: Infinity War[48], Avengers: Endgame[49], No Time to Die[50], Spider-Man: No Way Home[51], and The Matrix Resurrections[52], Wicked and Wicked: For Good[53], Barbie[54], How to Train Your Dragon[55]
  • Other Notable Films: Children of Men[56], War Horse[57], F1: The Movie[58], Beauty and the Beast[59], Civil War[60], Where the Wild Things Are[61], Darkest Hour[62], and Ready Player One.

TV

[edit]

Framestore has provided VFX for episodic content, winning awards for its work in the streaming and television landscape.[63]

  • Emmy Award Winners: Ms Marvel (2023)[64], Alien Worlds (2020), Free Solo 360 (2019)[65], Walking With Monsters: Before The Dinosaurs (2006)[66], Walking With Dinosaurs (2003)[67], Dinotopia (2003)[68], Walking With Prehistoric Beasts (2002)[69], Allosaurs: A Walking With Dinosaurs Special (2001)[70], Walking With Dinosaurs (2000)[71], The 10th Kingdom (2000)[72], Alice in Wonderland (1999)[73], Merlin (1998),[74] The Odyssey (1997)[75], Gulliver’s Travels (1996)[76]
  • Emmy Award Nominees: Avatar: The Last Airbender Season One (2024)[77], Fallout Season One (2024)[78], Loki Season Two (2024)[79], The Crown Season Six (2024)[80], The Crown Season Four (2020)[81], Watchmen (2020)[82], Lost In Space Season One (2018)[83]
  • Key Series: Black Mirror[84], His Dark Materials[85], The Boys[86], The Witcher[87], Lovecraft Country[88], Invasion[89], and 1899[90].
  • The studio won a BAFTA TV Craft Award for its work on the HBO/BBC series His Dark Materials[91] as well as a Memorable Moment BAFTA TV Award for Paddington Meets the Queen[92]

Advertising

[edit]

A widely discussed project was a 2013 commercial for Galaxy chocolate featuring a digitally recreated version of Audrey Hepburn[93]. The advertisement employed body doubles, motion-capture performance, Facial Action Coding System (FACS) reference, and rendering in Arnold to produce a photorealistic CG likeness of the late actor. The campaign received extensive international media coverage, prompting debate regarding the ethical and legal considerations surrounding the posthumous use of a celebrity’s image in advertising.[94][95][96]

  • Commercials:
    • Blackcurrant Tango - St George (1996)[97]
    • Guinness ‘Surfer’ (1999)[98]
    • Levi’s ‘Odyssey’ (2002)[99]
    • Guinness ‘noitulovE’ (2005)[100]
    • GEICO ‘Big News’ (2006)[101]
    • FedEx ‘Stick’ (2006)[102]
    • Coca-Cola ‘Siege’ (2011)[103]
    • McLaren ‘Tooned’ (2012)[104]
    • Galaxy ‘Chauffeur’ (2013)[105]
    • Pepsi ‘Beyonce - Mirror’ (2013)[106]
    • Nespresso ‘Comin’ Home’ (2017)[107]
    • Mercedes ‘King of the Jungle’ (2017)[108]
    • Apple Homepod ‘Welcome Home’ (2018)
    • Sheba ‘Hope Reef’ (2021)[109]
    • Uber Eats ‘Brian Cox Goes to College’ (2025)[110]
  • Music Videos:
    • A-ha - Take on Me (1986)[111]
    • Lauren Hill - Doo Wop, That Thing (1998)
    • As - George Michael (1999)
    • Chemical Brothers - Believe (2005)
    • Chemical Brothers - Salmon Dance (2007)[112]
    • Bjork - Lionsong (2015)[113]
  • Title Sequences:
    • Goldeneye (1995)[114]
    • 10th Kingdom (2000)
    • Die Another Day (2002)
    • Casino Royale (2006)[115]
    • BBC Hippos (2006)[116]
    • BBC Penguins (2008)
    • Skyfall (2012)[117]
    • Doctor Who (2013)
    • Spectre (2015)
    • Mars (2017)
    • BBC SS-GB (2017)[118]
    • One Strange Rock (2018)
    • Jingle Jangle (2020)
    • No Time to Die (2022)
    • 1899 (2022)

Immersive

[edit]

In addition to film and television, Framestore specializes in creating visual content for rides and immersive experiences opening in the New York office under the moniker “VR & Immersive Content Studio” in 2014 with the Game of Thrones VR experience[119] and expanding to include theme park attractions with The Guardians of the Galaxy - Mission: Breakout! delivered in 2017 at Disney's California Adventure.[120]

Key Work:

  • Coca-Cola ‘Polar Bear’ (2012)[121]
  • Game of Thrones VR (2014)[122]
  • Morgan Stanley Times Square Cinematic Data Visualization (2015)
  • Lockheed Martin Mars Bus Group VR Experience (2015)[123]
  • Merrell Trailscape VR (2015)[124]
  • NYT/GE VR ‘The Nature of Industry’ (2015)[125]
  • London Stock Exchange ‘The Stellar Atrium Project’ (2015)[126]
  • Fantastic Beast VR (2016)[127]
  • Guardians of the Galaxy Theme Park Ride (2017)[128]
  • Samsung ‘A Moon for All Mankind’ (2018)[129]
  • Game of Thrones VR & Magic Leap (2019)[130]
  • Lionsgate Entertainment World (2019)[131]
  • His Dark Materials: My Daemon AR (2021)[132]
  • Kiyan Prince Foundation ‘Long Live the Prince’ (2021)[133]
  • Jurassic World Adventure (2022)[134]
  • Universal Orlando Harry Potter and the Battle at the Ministry™ (2025)
  • Universal Orlando Monsters Unchained: The Frankenstein Experiment (2025)

Technology & Innovations

[edit]

Framestore is a hub for research and development (R&D), resulting in several key technological advancements for the film industry.[135]

1. Proprietary Tools & Infrastructure

[edit]

Framestore's work in photorealism is largely credited to their modular rendering approach.[136]

  • Layered Shading System (Academy Sci-Tech Award 2026) - proprietary system that allows artists to combine material layers (like skin, fur, and wetness) in a physically plausible way.[137]
  • Fibre & Hairfilters - a high-speed hair dynamics solver designed to handle the complex physics of fur and hair simulation. Hairfilters is the accompanying grooming toolset that allows for non-destructive artistic control.[138]
  • FREAK (Path Tracer) - An Embree-based proprietary path tracer developed to handle the massive complexity of modern creature and volumetric rendering.[139]
  • FQ Render Farm (Academy Sci-Tech Award 2023) - A global, hierarchical scheduling system designed to manage millions of compute jobs across the studio’s international offices.[140]
  • OpenQMC - an open-source Quasi-Monte Carlo sampling library designed to accelerate render convergence and reduce visual noise[141]

2. AI & Machine Learning

[edit]
  • FIRA (Fast Immersive Rigging and Animation) - FIRA uses machine learning to replace millions of complex rigging nodes with a single neural network node. This allows high-end film rigs to run in real-time without losing visual quality.[142]
  • ML-Enhanced Compositing (The Matrix Resurrections) - the studio utilized machine learning for "highlight restoration" and automated patching in high-complexity sequences where traditional rotoscoping was unfeasible.[143]
  • Face Replacement (Man vs. Baby) - In the Netflix series Mans vs Baby (2025) Framestore used machine learning for face replacement.[144]

3. Real-Time & Virtual Production

[edit]
  • The Lightbox (Used in Gravity) - A massive 4,096-LED bulb[145] "cube" that surrounded actors with interactive lighting driven by the film’s CG environments.
  • FUSE (Framestore Unreal Shot Engine) - a scalable toolset and pipeline that allows for the power of a realtime engine, Unreal, and its capacity for interactivity and rapid iterations to be utilised as the hub and final renderer[146].  It was the primary tech behind the 2024 film FLITE[147], directed by Tim Webber.
  • fARsight Virtual Scouting - A toolset for VR and AR scouting that allows directors and DPs to enter a digital environment to plan shots and camera moves before physical production begins. This was instrumental in the production of the Netflix series 1899.[148]
  • Motion Rig powered by animation data - A rig, originally designed for Dinotopia, used again for the Hippogriff sequence in Harry Potter, on the Oscar winning The Golden Compass and most recently on How to Train Your Dragon (2025).[149]
  • 4D Gaussian Splatting (Superman 2025) - used for the first time in a feature film to generate the holographic message from Superman’s parents.[150]

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