Draft:Chanda
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Chanda was a Meena chief associated with Khoh in the historical region of Dhundhar, in present-day Rajasthan.[1] The Rajasthan District Gazetteers identify him as "the Mina chief of Khoh" and state that Dulha Rai defeated him and captured his territories.[2] Historical accounts also refer to him as "Chanda Meena of Khoh".[3]
Name and identity
[edit]Historical sources differ on whether "Chanda" was the personal name of the Mina ruler of Khoh. The Rajasthan District Gazetteers identify the ruler as "Chanda, the Mina chief of Khoh", while historian Jadunath Sarkar describes the lord of Khoh as "a Mina named Chanda".[4] Khangarot and Nathawat also identify Chanda as the Meena chief of Khoh.[5]
Shyam Singh Ratnawat, however, argues that Chanda was not the proper name of the ruler. According to Ratnawat, the ruler's name was Alansi and he belonged to the Chanda sub-caste of the Minas.[6]
According to Madan Meena (2021), the Meena chief of Khoh (also known as Khoh Gong) was Alan Singh Chanda. A similar account is found in Mayurakshi Kumar (2015), who refers to him as Ralun Singh (also known as Alan Singh Chanda).[7][8]
Conflict with Dulha Rai
[edit]According to the Rajasthan District Gazetteers, Dulha Rai defeated Chanda, the Mina chief of Khoh, and captured his territories.[9] Bahura and Singh similarly state that Dulha Rai seized Khoh from “Chanda Mina”.[10] Narendra Singh similarly states that Dulha Rai killed "Chanda Meena of Khoh" and annexed Khoh and neighbouring territories.[11]
A more detailed account is provided by Madan Meena (2021). Drawing on Col. James Tod and Meena folklore, Meena writes that Alan Singh Chanda had given shelter to the exiled Dulha Rai and his mother. Dulha Rai’s mother was employed in the royal kitchen. After spending several years in Delhi, Dulha Rai returned with Rajput associates and, on the day of Diwali (Amavasya), attacked the unarmed Meenas who were performing ancestral rituals (tarpan) near Badli-ki-Talai. The reservoir was filled with their dead bodies, and hundreds of Meena women committed Sati. This episode continues to be narrated by Meena Jagas and is linked to the custom of tarpan still practised by some Meena clans around Diwali.[12]
References
[edit]- ↑ Rima Hooja (2006). A History of Rajasthan. Rupa & Co. p. 356. ISBN 9788129108906. OCLC 80362053. Archived from the original on 4 April 2023.
Khoh (six miles east of Jaipur), then ruled by a Meena chief called Chanda.
- ↑ Rajasthan (India), K. K. Sehgal (1962). Rajasthan District Gazetteers: Jaipur. p. 26.
Dulha Rai now had no difficulty in defeating Chanda, the Mina chief of Khoh, and captured his territories.
- ↑ Singh, Narendra (1939). Thirty Decisive Battles of Jaipur. p. 47.
- ↑ Sarkar, Jadunath (1994) [1984]. A History of Jaipur: C. 1503–1938. Orient Longman Limited. p. 24. ISBN 81-250-0333-9.
Khoh, five miles east of Jaipur city, was taken from its lord, a Mina named Chanda, and it became Dulha's capital after his father's death.
- ↑ Khangarot, R. S.; Nathawat, P. S. (1990). Jaigarh, the Invincible Fort of Amber. Jaipur: RBSA Publishers. p. 10. ISBN 9788185176482.
Khoh is 6 miles East of Jaipur. It was then under a Meena chief named Chanda.
- ↑ Ratnawat, Shyam Singh (1981). Kachhawan Ri Vanshavali. Centre for Rajasthan Studies, University of Rajasthan. p. 113.
- ↑ Meena, Madan (2021). "Rulers, Criminals and Denotified Tribe: A Historical Journey of the Meenas". Tribe-British Relations in India. Springer Nature. p. 276. doi:10.1007/978-981-16-3424-6_17. ISBN 978-981-16-3423-9. S2CID 240554356.
The episode of Khoh Gong (present day Khoh Nagoriyan, 12 kms from Jaipur) has been well documented and described by Col. Tod in his book Annals and Antiq-uities of Rajasthan in which Dulhe Rai and his mother were given protection by Alan Singh Chanda (the Meena chief) when they were exiled from Narwar (near Gwalior) state (in 1128 AD).
- ↑ Kumar, Mayurakshi (2015). "Origin Of Kachcwaha In Dhundhar Region of Rajasthan". International Research Journal of Management Sociology & Humanity. 6 (1): 49–54. ISSN 2277-9809.
- ↑ Rajasthan (India) (1987). Rajasthan District Gazetteers. Vol. 26. Government Central Press. p. 26.
Dulha Rai now had no difficulty in defeating Chanda, the Mina chief of Khoh, and captured his territories.
- ↑ Bahura, Gopalnarayan; Singh, Chandramani (2009). Kachhawahas of Amber: The City of Mother Goddess. Jaipur: Publication Scheme. p. 9. ISBN 9788181820471.
He fought and seized Khoh from Chanda Mina, Gaitore from Ghaita Mina and Jhotwada from Jhota Mina.
- ↑ Singh, Narendra (1939). Thirty Decisive Battles of Jaipur. p. 47.
- ↑ Meena, Madan (2021). "Rulers, Criminals and Denotified Tribe: A Historical Journey of the Meenas". Tribe-British Relations in India. Springer Nature. p. 276. doi:10.1007/978-981-16-3424-6_17. ISBN 978-981-16-3423-9. S2CID 240554356.