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Development Plus

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Development Plus
Rozwój Plus
AbbreviationR+[1]
LeaderMateusz Morawiecki[2]
Founded15 April 2026 (2026-04-15)[3]
Registered14 May 2026 (2026-05-14)[4]
Split fromLaw and Justice[2]
Membership (2026)45[5]
IdeologyConservatism[6]
Christian democracy[7]
Political positionCentre-right[8]
European Parliament groupEuropean Conservatives and Reformists Group
Colours  Blue
  Red
  Blue (customary)[9]
Sejm
39 / 460
Senate
1 / 100
European Parliament
3 / 53
Website
rozwojpluswy.pl

Development Plus (Polish: Rozwój Plus, R+)[10] is a Polish political association led and founded by Mateusz Morawiecki, who served as the Prime Minister of Poland between 2017 and 2023.[11] It was founded on 15 April 2026 by Morawiecki and other members of Law and Justice unsatisfied with the right-wing course of the party.[3] It represents the political environment of the "Scouts" (Polish: Harcerze), a moderate faction of Law and Justice which was led by Morawiecki.[12]

Despite being a political association, Rozwój Plus has a network with its membership, events, and parliamentary base, making it a de facto standalone political party.[13] The members of Rozwój Plus were forced out of Law and Justice on 24 July 2026 after they refused the party leadership's demand to dissolve the association and sign a loyalty oath prohibiting membership in any political movements besides PiS.[14]

History

[edit]

Founding and internal party dispute

[edit]

Rozwój Plus was founded on 15 April 2026 by Mateusz Morawiecki. Upon its foundation, about 50 politicians of Law and Justice, including its MPs, senators, and MEP, declared their supports for the initiative. The foundation was seen as a result of the escalating conflict within the party between its moderate wing known as the "Scouts" led by Morawiecki, and its dominant conservative wing, the Butter-Makers (Polish: Maślarze),[15] led by Przemysław Czarnek, Jacek Sasin, Tobiasz Bocheński, and Patryk Jaki.[4] The conflict was caused by the nomination of Przemysław Czarnek as the Law and Justice's candidate for prime minister in the next Polish parliamentary election in March 2026. Czarnek represented a national-conservative wing of the party,[16] and the Scouts criticized his nomination as an abandonment of centrist voters, and the conflict escalated given Czarnek's failure to improve the party's standing in the polls.[17]

Czarnek's nomination for prime ministerial candidate boosted the Butter-Makers; however, the support for PiS in the polls fell from 32% in 2025 to 25%, its lowest level in 14 years, following Czarnek's nomination.[18] Under Czarnek, the party's conservatives tried to remove Morawiecki from leadership positions, regain voters from two parties further right - Confederation Liberty and Independence and the Confederation of the Polish Crown, and tap into the popularity of the President Karol Nawrocki, who had grown distant from PiS after his victory in favor of creating his own movement, which was dubbed "Polish MAGA" by the media. However, the Butter-Makers failed at all three tasks, leaving them unable to suppress the Scouts and their growing criticisms.[19] A Super Express poll found that amongst PiS voters, 34% wanted Morawiecki to succeed Kaczyński as the party leader, compared to 21% wanting Czarnek as the successor instead.[1]

In reaction to the foundation of the association, the party spokesman Rafał Bochenek declared that the membership in Rozwój Plus is incompatible with membership in Law and Justice.[15] Bochenek threatened disciplinary measures against those who joined Rozwój Polski, while the leader of Law and Justice, Jarosław Kaczyński, warned that he would exclude the association's members from the party's electoral list in the upcoming parliamentary election.[18] Rozwój Plus was founded without the knowledge of Kaczyński. However, on 21 April, Kaczyński and Morawiecki held a meeting late at night.[20]

After the meeting, Kaczyński and Morawiecki declared that a compromise had been reached under which Rozwój Plus would operate as a new expert council of the party.[21] Kaczyński stated that he accepted that the party would have "two lungs", referring to the party's factions of Scouts and Butter-Makers.[20] However, Morawiecki went on to formally register Rozwój Plus as a standalone association,[21] which took place on 14 May.[4]

In response, on June 9, the Butter-Makers, led by Jacek Sasin, announced the creation of their own political association, Poland First (Polish: Po Pierwsze Polska), which was to play the role of the conservative "lung" of the party. Poland First was an answer to Morawiecki's association, and its stated goals were preserving the unity of PiS and supporting the campaign and candidacy of Czarnek. Poland First numbered 100 PiS MPs.[22] Two minor conservative associations were formed as well - Marek Suski founded Lech Kaczyński's Centre Agreement Association (Polish: Stowarzyszenie Porozumienie Centrum im. Lecha Kaczyńskiego), consisting of the "old guard" of PiS who descended from Centre Agreement, the precursor to PiS, as well as Conservative Forum (Polish: Forum Konserwatywne).[20]

Break with Kaczyński

[edit]

Despite initially tolerating the association and its registration in May, relations between the Scouts and PiS leadership significantly soured in July. Following the Order of the White Eagle controversy, Czarnek, accusing Ukraine of glorifying and promoting Banderism, declared that PiS would "force the EU to stop financing, in any way, Ukraine's armament and reconstruction" until Ukraine changes its stance and policies. This statement was considered openly anti-Ukrainian and was then denounced by Kaczyński, who stated that military assistance to Ukraine "is absolutely necessary" and that "Czarnek’s remarks will be addressed by the party leadership". Morawiecki also criticized Czarnek's statement, arguing that Czarnek and his wing of the party are attempting to outflank the far-right pro-Russian Grzegorz Braun from the right instead of focusing on the ruling Civic Coalition and the recent South Hospital scandal.[23]

Subsequently, the Scouts also criticized PiS leadership for their promises of the "Czarnek effect", a promised boost in the polls that nominating Czarnek would bring, which failed to materialize.[23] Morawiecki had also started boycotting numerous PiS gatherings, instead organizing debates and panels on behalf of Rozwój Plus.[24] At the end of June, Morawiecki announced that Rozwój Plus would organize a large barbecue event on 31 July named "Rozwój Plus plus Wy", where Morawiecki and his political environment would discuss socioeconomic issues with voters.[25] The media interpreted the barbecue as a show of political strength given its large scope and date, with 31 July seen "as a signal in itself: it marks the end of the political season, just before the strategic lull in the first half of August."[26]

According to Rzeczpospolita, Kaczyński reacted to the announcement with fury, as Morawiecki did not consult the event with him, and the event was also seen as a breach of the agreement reached in April to make Rozwój Plus an expert council of PiS. Believing that only a few MPs would stay with Morawiecki when threatened with expulsion, Kaczyński decided to act against Rozwój Plus.[27] According to Newsweek, internal party polls conducted by presidential advisor Piotr Agatowski were also decisive in Kaczyński's judgement, as they showed that Rozwój Plus would only win 2.8% of the popular vote, with PiS losing only 0.7 pp to it. This was in contrast to public media polls in which Rozwój Plus polled between 6 and 7%.[28]

Ultimatum

[edit]
Members of the Sejm and European Parliament who signed onto the letter to Jarosław Kaczyński[29]
Member Parliamentary position Member Parliamentary position
Anna BaluchMember of the SejmKrzysztof LipiecMember of the Sejm
Ryszard BartosikMember of the SejmGrzegorz Lorek[a]Member of the Sejm
Waldemar BudaMember of the EPMarzena MachałekMember of the Sejm
Zbigniew ChmielowiecMember of the SejmGrzegorz MackoMember of the Sejm
Anna CicholskaMember of the SejmMateusz MorawieckiMember of the Sejm
Janusz CieszyńskiMember of the SejmPiotr MüllerMember of the EP
Michał CieślakMember of the SejmDaniel Obajtek[b]Member of the EP
Anita Czerwińska[c]Member of the SejmMonika PawłowskaMember of the Sejm
Elżbieta DudaMember of the SejmGrzegorz PudaMember of the Sejm
Michał DworczykMember of the EPPaweł RychlikMember of the Sejm
Robert GontarzMember of the SejmŁukasz SchreiberMember of the Sejm
Andrzej Gut-MostowyMember of the SejmOlga Semeniuk-PatkowskaMember of the Sejm
Marcin GwóźdźMember of the SejmSławomir SkwarekMember of the Sejm
Marcin HorałaMember of the SejmMirosława Stachowiak-RóżeckaMember of the Sejm
Paweł JabłońskiMember of the SejmKrzysztof SzczuckiMember of the Sejm
Marek Jakubiak[d]Member of the SejmSzymon Szynkowski vel SękMember of the Sejm
Fryderyk KapinosMember of the SejmAgnieszka ŚcigajMember of the Sejm
Łukasz KmitaMember of the SejmRyszard TerleckiMember of the Sejm
Maria KocMember of the SejmWłodzimierz TomaszewskiMember of the Sejm
Wiesław KrajewskiMember of the SejmSylwester TułajewMember of the Sejm
Andrzej KryjMember of the SejmWojciech ZubowskiMember of the Sejm
Krzysztof KubówMember of the SejmIreneusz ZyskaMember of the Sejm
Anna KwiecieńMember of the Sejm

On 15 July, Bochenek announced that the party's presidium adopted a resolution "prohibiting the activity and participation of PiS party members in associations, foundations, and other political organizations." It gave its members time until 23 July to obey the ruling, and those who failed to do so would be excluded from the party.[31] PiS members had to sign a loyalty oath, confirming that they have abandoned any political association, foundation, or organization besides PiS.[32]

Poland First was immediately dissolved after the resolution, all of its members signing the oath.[31] According to Onet, PiS leadership believed that only about 20 to 25 MPs are hardline allies of Morawiecki, while the rest of Rozwój Plus were opportunists who struggled with their region and were looking for patrons. The Butter-Makers would speculate in the media that only about 10 MPs out of the 40 active in Rozwój Plus would refuse to sign the oath, thus leaving Morawiecki isolated.[32] On 17 July, 45 members of Rozwój Plus published a letter to Kaczyński in which they stated that their aim is party unity, adding that "unity – even when there are differences of opinion on the way forward – remains a prerequisite for lasting victory and responsibility for the state". At the same time, the letter said that PiS must "reconnect with those groups that have drifted away from us in recent years and to regain their trust."[33]

One Scout, Daniel Obajtek, did agree to sign the oath and thus leave Rozwój Plus.[32] All other Scouts, however, did not, refusing to leave the association.[1]

As a result, on 23 July, the day the deadline ended, Morawiecki and Kaczyński held talks in what the media called a "last chance meeting" with the purpose of finding a compromise. In the meeting, Morawiecki reportedly offered numerous concessions, such as limiting the number of association's conferences, or establishing a joint advisory council between Rozwój Plus and PiS. In total, Morawiecki presented 21 proposals to end the rift. However, no agreement was reached.[1]

Expulsion from PiS

[edit]

On 24 July, as Rozwój Plus members refused to dissolve the association and sign the loyalty oaths, Kaczyński declared that they had excluded themselves from PiS. Morawiecki made a statement on his own, stating that he and his group had fought "until the very last moment" to preserve party unity. The Law and Justice political committee is set to meet on 28 July 2026 to formalize the expulsion of Morawiecki and the rest of Rozwój Plus members,[34] amounting to 40 MPs, 1 Senator, and 3 MEPs.[29][35] The number of MPs who supported Morawiecki was considered surprising.[6] Morawiecki argued that he did not split the party, but has been "pushed out" of it.[36] On 27 July, Grzegorz Lorek left Morawiecki's association.[30]

Ideology

[edit]

The association has been described as centre-right,[8] and presents itself as a "modern, European Christian democracy" that wishes to reach out to those who oppose both Donald Tusk and the far-right.[7] The stated goal of Rozwój Plus is seeking dialogue and broad agreement with other political movements, supporting socioeconomic development, and creating a patriotic camp beyond party lines.[37] Political scientist Agnieszka Zaremba described the association as conservative and based on Christian values, but one that distances itself from far-right views such as the ones represented by the Confederation of the Polish Crown.[6] Rozwój Plus identifies itself as a "broadly defined conservative-patriotic camp."[38]

Rozwój Plus has also been described as economically liberal,[39][40][41] pro-EU,[40] technocratic-conservative,[42] centrist,[40] and oriented towards younger and more moderate voters compared to PiS.[40] It was considered an attempt "to steer the party [PiS] towards the political centre".[43] The association has called for forming a broad centre-right and solidarist bloc,[44] with Morawiecki calling for "not bloodthirsty capitalism, not just economic liberalism and not communism, but social solidarism".[45][46] Rozwój Plus has positioned itself "as a home for conservatives who want competence rather than culture war."[47]

References

[edit]
  1. 1 2 3 4 Gądek, Jacek (24 July 2026). "Gądek: przed rozmową z Morawieckim na Nowogrodzkiej analizowano sondaże". Newsweek (in Polish).
  2. 1 2 Wójcicka, Karolina (24 July 2026). "Ex-Polish PM Morawiecki leads breakaway from PiS to rival Kaczyński". Euractiv. Warsaw.
  3. 1 2 Idziak, Patryk. "Nowe stowarzyszenie Morawieckiego. Były premier potwierdza". Interia (in Polish).
  4. 1 2 3 "Morawiecki zarejestrował stowarzyszenie. „Nie dam się wypchnąć z partii"". Polish Press Agency (in Polish). 14 May 2026.
  5. ↑ Uba, Jeremi (19 July 2026). "PiS stawia ultimatum ludziom Morawieckiego. Co zrobią świętokrzyscy parlamentarzyści?". Telewizja Polska (in Polish).
  6. 1 2 3 "Politolog: Rozłam w PiS ujawnił niezadowolenie regionów i słabość przywództwa". Portal Samorządowy (in Polish). 24 July 2026.
  7. 1 2 Mulik, Wojciech (23 July 2026). ""Autorytetu prezesa nie ma". Dominika Długosz o buncie w PiS i końcu dawnego Kaczyńskiego". Goniec (in Polish).
  8. 1 2 Kursa, Magdalena; Starmach, Piotr (22 April 2026). "Bastion PiS pęka. Terlecki się tłumaczy: "Nie kwestionowałem przywództwa Jarosława Kaczyńskiego"". Gazeta Wyborcza (in Polish). Kraków. Ideowo OdNowa RP wpisuje się w ten sam centroprawicowy nurt co nowe stowarzyszenie byłego premiera – Rozwój Plus. [Ideologically, OdNowa RP is a part of the same centre-right movement as the former prime minister's new association – Rozwój Plus.]
  9. ↑ "Rozłamowcy grzebią PiS, KO ucieka rywalom, a Hołownia i PSL lądują pod progiem". Bankier (in Polish). 3 July 2026.
  10. ↑ Tilles, Daniel (24 July 2026). "Polish opposition PiS party set to split, with over 30 MPs being expelled". Notes From Poland.
  11. ↑ "Ex-PM's defiance fuels speculation of rift in Poland's PiS party". Polskie Radio. 16 July 2026.
  12. ↑ Wieczorek, Aleksandra (10 June 2026). "Sasin prezesem nowego stowarzyszenia. Tak je komentują". Wirtualna Polska (in Polish).
  13. ↑ Dowell, Stuart (24 July 2026). Łagódka, Patrick (ed.). "Kaczyński's ultimatum exposes his waning grip on the Polish right [ANALYSIS]". TVP World.
  14. ↑ Krupa, Jakub (24 July 2026). "Poland's main rightwing opposition splits after loyalty pledge ultimatum". The Guardian.
  15. 1 2 "Stowarzyszenie Rozwój Plus. Co wiadomo o inicjatywie Mateusza Morawieckiego?". RFM24 (in Polish). 17 April 2026.
  16. ↑ Easton, Adam (24 July 2026). "Rozłam w PiS. Ponad 30 posłów wykluczonych z partii". BBC (in Polish). Warsaw.
  17. ↑ Figlarz, Krzysztof (17 April 2026). "„Rozwój plus" Morawieckiego i dobra mina do złej gry w PIS. Poszerzanie frontu czy maskowanie jedności?". XYZ (in Polish).
  18. 1 2 Tilles, Daniel (17 April 2026). "Polish opposition PiS party threatens disciplinary action against internal group led by former PM". Notes from Poland (in Polish).
  19. ↑ Filippov, Anton (11 May 2026). "Why Poland's largest opposition party is splitting and the risks this creates". Euro Integration.
  20. 1 2 3 Siekaczyński, Artur (14 July 2026). "W PiS mnożą się stowarzyszenia. „To już przybiera formę groteski"". Wprost (in Polish).
  21. 1 2 Kość, Wojciech (24 July 2026). Brzeziński, Bartosz (ed.). "Polish conservatives split ahead of 2027 election". Politico.
  22. ↑ Czurczak, Aleksandra (9 June 2026). "Nowe stowarzyszenie parlamentarzystów PiS. Na czele Jacek Sasin". Interia (in Polish).
  23. 1 2 Figlarz, Krzysztof (19 July 2026). "Right-wing realignment: PiS battles its rivals - and itself". XYZ.
  24. ↑ Kotseva, Antonia (16 July 2026). "Poland's PiS on the brink: Kaczyński's unity ultimatum risks party split". EUalive.
  25. ↑ "Morawiecki zorganizuje grilla dla tysiąca osób. „Nie pytaliśmy Kaczyńskiego"". Wprost (in Polish). 25 June 2026.
  26. ↑ Szułdrzyński, Michał; Kolanko, Michał (10 July 2026). "W PiS „rozłamometr" znów drga do góry, Morawiecki zawiesza strzelbę Czechowa". Rzeczpospolita (in Polish).
  27. ↑ Szułdrzyński, Michał; Kolanko, Michał (24 July 2026). "„Już po wszystkim". Rozłam w PiS uruchamia nową politykę. Zyska PSL?". Rzeczpospolita (in Polish).
  28. ↑ Michalski, Szymon (24 July 2026). "To przesądziło o losie Morawieckiego? Dostali sondaż". Wirtualna Polska (in Polish).
  29. 1 2 Bartkiewicz, Artur (24 July 2026). "Którzy posłowie opuszczają PiS? Na liście 40 nazwisk". Rzeczpospolita. Retrieved 24 July 2026.
  30. 1 2 Bojanowska, Magdalena (26 July 2026). "Morawiecki traci sojusznika. Poseł wraca do Kaczyńskiego". Fakt. Retrieved 27 July 2026.
  31. 1 2 "Zdecydowany ruch Jarosława Kaczyńskiego w sprawie stowarzyszeń. "Mają siedem dni"". Onet (in Polish). 15 July 2026.
  32. 1 2 3 Stankiewicz, Andrzej (21 July 2026). "Wojna w PiS wchodzi w nową fazę. "Zaczęło się szukanie haków"". Onet (in Polish).
  33. ↑ Wieczorek, Aleksandra (17 July 2026). "List do Kaczyńskiego. Podpisało się 45 osób". Wirtualna Polska (in Polish).
  34. ↑ Beszłej, Franciszek Józef (24 July 2026). Day, Matthew (ed.). "'We are 40 MPs strong': says PM after on split in main opposition party". TVP World (in Polish).
  35. ↑ "U Morawieckiego 40 posłów, 3 europosłów i senator. "Nie ma dziś hegemona"". Telewizja Polska (in Polish). 24 July 2026.
  36. ↑ Idziak, Krzysztof (26 July 2026). "Morawiecki układa życie po rozstaniu z PiS. Pierwsze kroki ku nowej partii?". Goniec.pl (in Polish).
  37. ↑ Wróblewski, Michał (15 April 2026). "WP: Morawiecki powołał Stowarzyszenie Rozwój Plus. Wiceprezes PiS potwierdza". Wirtualna Polska (in Polish).
  38. ↑ Wiejak, Anna (17 July 2026). "PiS straci ponad 40 posłów? Szczucki: Pewnie trzeba się z tym liczyć". Tygodnik Solidarność (in Polish).
  39. ↑ "Polens größte Oppositionspartei zerbricht". Süddeutsche Zeitung (in German). 24 July 2026.
  40. 1 2 3 4 Flückiger, Paul (24 July 2026). "Polens stärkste Partei überwirft sich mit ihrem Reformflügel". Neue Zürcher Zeitung (in German). Poznań.
  41. ↑ "Polens größte Oppositionspartei zerbricht". Die Zeit (in German). 24 July 2026.
  42. ↑ Locke, Stefan (24 July 2026). "Die PiS bricht auseinander". Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung (in German). Warsaw.
  43. ↑ Schubert, Gerald (24 July 2026). "Polens rechtsnationale Oppositionspartei PiS spaltet sich". Der Standard (in German).
  44. ↑ Dębek, Julia (21 July 2026). "Morawiecki nagle zabrał głos ws. konfliktu w PiS. Jest oświadczenie". New Media 24 (in Polish).
  45. ↑ Figlarz, Krzysztof (20 April 2026). "PiS w strefie politycznych turbulencji. Niesnaski frakcyjne przed pierwszymi rozmowami „ostatniej szansy"". XYZ (in Polish).
  46. ↑ Alberczyk, Izabela (18 April 2026). "Morawiecki optymistycznie przed spotkaniem z Kaczyńskim. "Zupełnie się o to nie boję"". Gazeta.pl (in Polish).
  47. ↑ Dowell, Stuart (17 July 2026). Łagódka, Patrick (ed.). "Kaczyński fights on two flanks to save a party that no longer owns Poland's right [ANALYSIS]". TVP World.

Notes

[edit]
  1. ↑ Left Development Plus to return to Law and Justice[30]
  2. ↑ Signed loyalty oath and remained within Law and Justice
  3. ↑ Signed loyalty oath and remained within Law and Justice; was not a member of Development Plus
  4. ↑ Not a member of Law and Justice
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