Copper(I) phosphide
 | |
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
copper(I) phosphide | |
Other names
| |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) |
|
| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.031.485 |
PubChem CID |
|
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
|
| |
| |
| Properties | |
| Cu3P | |
| Molar mass | 221.6127 g/mol |
| Appearance | yellowish grey crystals |
| Melting point | 900 °C (1,650 °F; 1,170 K) |
| −33.0·10−6 cm3/mol | |
| Structure | |
| Na 3As (hexagonal, hP24)[1][2] | |
| P63cm, No. 185 | |
| Hazards | |
| NIOSH (US health exposure limits): | |
PEL (Permissible) |
TWA 1 mg/m3 (as Cu)[3] |
REL (Recommended) |
TWA 1 mg/m3 (as Cu)[3] |
IDLH (Immediate danger) |
TWA 100 mg/m3 (as Cu)[3] |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
| |
Copper phosphide is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Cu3P, a phosphide of copper. It is a brittle, yellowish-grey solid.
Properties
[edit]Copper phosphide does not react with water. It shows fluorescence when subjected to ultraviolet light.
Structure
[edit]Recent crystallographic investigations have proven Cu3P to be copper deficient, which means that the sum formula of this compound is more accurately expressed as Cu3−xP.[4]
Production
[edit]Copper phosphide can be produced in a reverberatory furnace or crucible by the reaction of red phosphorus with a copper-rich material.
It can be prepared photochemically, by irradiating cupric hypophosphite with ultraviolet radiation.[5]
It can also be produced by reducing copper(II) phosphate with aluminum.[6]
Uses
[edit]Copper phosphide has a role in copper alloys, namely in phosphor bronze.[citation needed] It is a very good deoxidizer of copper.
References
[edit]- ↑ Olofsson, Olle; Holmlund, Lars; Ingri, Nils; Tricker, M. J.; Svensson, Sigfrid (1972). "The Crystal Structure of Cu3P". Acta Chemica Scandinavica. 26: 2777–2787. doi:10.3891/acta.chem.scand.26-2777.
- ↑ Wolff, Alexander; Doert, Thomas; Hunger, Jens; Kaiser, Martin; Pallmann, Julia; Reinhold, Romy; Yogendra, Sivatmeehan; Giebeler, Lars; Sichelschmidt, Jörg; Schnelle, Walter; Whiteside, Rachel; Gunaratne, H. Q. Nimal; Nockemann, Peter; Weigand, Jan J.; Brunner, Eike; Ruck, Michael (2018-10-23). "Low-Temperature Tailoring of Copper-Deficient Cu 3– x P—Electric Properties, Phase Transitions, and Performance in Lithium-Ion Batteries". Chemistry of Materials. 30 (20): 7111–7123. doi:10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b02950.
- 1 2 3 NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0150". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
- ↑ Wolff, Alexander; Doert, Thomas; Hunger, Jens; Kaiser, Martin; Pallmann, Julia; Reinhold, Romy; Yogendra, Sivatmeehan; Giebeler, Lars; Sichelschmidt, Jörg (2018-10-23). "Low-Temperature Tailoring of Copper-Deficient Cu 3– x P—Electric Properties, Phase Transitions, and Performance in Lithium-Ion Batteries" (PDF). Chemistry of Materials. 30 (20): 7111–7123. doi:10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b02950. ISSN 0897-4756.
- ↑ "Electrophotographic elements and processes. United States Patent 4113484". Retrieved 2009-06-06.
- ↑ Lucheva, B.; Tsonev, Ts.; Petkov, R. (31 August 2005). "Method for Obtaining of Copper-Phosphorus Alloys" (PDF). Journal of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy. 40 (3): 235–238.