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// Workers AI · dad joke modeWhat did the Chorrillo Formation say? "I'm a rock-solid formation.

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Chorrillo Formation
Stratigraphic range: Late Cretaceous, Maastrichtian
Satellite image of the Chorrillo Formation site (in the middle on the right). At the bottom left is the Perito Moreno Glacier.
TypeGeological formation
UnderliesCalafate Formation
OverliesLa Irene Formation[1]
Thickness>50 m (160 ft)
Lithology
PrimaryClaystone
Location
LocationPatagonia
Coordinates49°54′S 72°30′W / 49.9°S 72.5°W / -49.9; -72.5
Approximate paleocoordinates51°48′S 62°12′W / 51.8°S 62.2°W / -51.8; -62.2
RegionSanta Cruz Province
CountryArgentina
ExtentSoutheast of Viedma Lake
North of Argentino Lake
Austral Basin
Type section
Named byArbe & Hechem
Year defined1984
Chorrillo Formation is located in Argentina
Chorrillo Formation
Chorrillo Formation (Argentina)

The Chorrillo Formation, also called the Chorillo Formation,[2] is a Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian age) geological formation in southern Patagonia, Argentina. The formation is more than 50 metres (160 ft) thick and underlies the Calafate Formation and rests on top of the La Irene Formation. It constitutes a significant uppermost Cretaceous continental sedimentary sequence within the Magallanes Basin, located in Santa Cruz Province, Argentina, approximately 30 km (19 mi) southwest of El Calafate. Initial investigations in the 1990s laid the groundwork, with detailed paleontological studies emerging since 2019, revealing a rich biotic assemblage. The formation correlates with the lower Dorotea Formation in Chile, sharing dinosaurian ecotypes, while both are clearly different from other northern Patagonian Maastrichtian units (e.g., Allen Formation, Los Alamitos Formation), which are dominated by saltasaurine sauropods and abelisaurids, suggesting potential temporal or environmental distinctions.

Geology

[edit]

The Chorrillo Formation is embedded within the foreland Magallanes Basin, shaped by Late Cretaceous Andean orogeny driven by subduction along the Pacific margin. Tectonic subsidence, coupled with sediment supply from the rising Patagonian Andes, facilitated deposition.[3] Lithologically, the unit comprises fine- to coarse-grained clastics: mudstones and siltstones dominate floodplain facies, often organic-rich and pedogenically modified; sandstones, arkosic to lithic, form channel fills with cross-bedding; and conglomerates appear as basal lags.[4] Clay mineralogy is dominated by smectite, with minor illite and kaolinite, reflecting volcanic ash alteration. Sedimentologically, it records a meandering fluvial system on a distal floodplain, featuring fining-upward channel sequences, crevasse splays, and overbank deposits.[5] High-frequency paleosol stacking indicates local hydrologic and topographic variability, while low-frequency patterns suggest avulsion-driven progradation. Regional ties extend to the Dorotea Formation in Chile, reflecting basin-wide tectonic influences.[4]

Paleoenvironment

[edit]
Modern equivalent, Valdivian Rainforest

Paleoenvironmental reconstructions indicate a temperate and humid subtropical climate with marked seasonality in rainfall. Mean annual temperatures were 12.1-14.5 °C with mean annual precipitation of 929–1321 mm, inferred from paleosols, clay mineralogy, and biotic indicators.[6][7] Depositional settings encompass low-energy fluvial floodplains with paludal and lacustrine elements, marked by poor drainage, hydromorphic paleosols (e.g., vertisols, histosols), and redoximorphic features such as mottling and iron nodules, suggesting fluctuating water tables and episodic anoxia.[4] Aquatic communities feature Nymphaeaceae, Salviniaceae, Salviniaceae, and Zygnemataceae, indicative of freshwater ponds and swamps, while terrestrial elements include conifers, ferns, and angiosperms in riparian zones.[8] Floral phytozones, derived from palynological data, comprise five assemblages across the section, exhibiting quantitative variations in taxa proportions without major turnover: lower zones are fern-dominated (e.g., Cyatheaceae), transitioning to angiosperm-rich upper zones (e.g., Proteaceae, Nothofagidites), attributed to subtle humidity fluctuations or habitat gradients relative to fluvial channels.[9] These patterns align with Maastrichtian assemblages in southern Gondwanan basins (e.g., La Anita, Lefipán Formation), reflecting angiosperm diversification and Weddellian Province expansion.[5][9]

Fossils

[edit]
Color key
Taxon Reclassified taxon Taxon falsely reported as present Dubious taxon or junior synonym Ichnotaxon Ootaxon Morphotaxon
 Notes
Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; crossed out taxa are discredited.

Arthropoda

[edit]

Decapoda

[edit]
Genus Species Locality Material Notes Images
Astacidea indet.[10] Indeterminate Locality 4 MPM 21516, three gastroliths Previously identified as crushing fish teeth
Extant example

Insects

[edit]
Genus Species Locality Material Notes Images
Coelolepida indet.[11] Indeterminate La Anita farm MPM-Pal 21835-3:W34/1; MPM-Pal 21835-23:W55/0; MPM-Pal 21835-22:R52/2; MPM-Pal 21835-20:Z47/3; MPM-Pal 21835-22: G55/0; MPM-Pal 2183-21: E42/3 A glossatan lepidopteran
Diamesinae indet.[11] "Morphotype 3" La Anita farm MPM-Pal 21835-9:E34/4; MPM-Pal 21835-19: V34/4 A chironomid cematoceran. Similar to the living genus Paraheptagyia.
Extant example
Ephemeroptera indet.[11] Indeterminate La Anita farm MPM-Pal 21835-9:W37/1 A mayfly
Lepidoptera indet.[11] Indeterminate La Anita farm MPM-Pal 21835-10:X30/2; MPM-Pal 21835-7:S27/2
Orthocladiinae indet.[11] "Morphotype 1" La Anita farm MPM-Pal 21835-24: M31/0; MPM-Pal 21835-3: P46/4 A chironomid nematoceran
"Morphotype 2" La Anita farm MPM-Pal 21835-25: V26/3
"Morphotype 5" La Anita farm MPM-Pal 21835-9: Q58/3 It resembles modern Cricotopus
Extant Cricotopus
Tanypodinae indet.[11] "Morphotype 4" La Anita farm MPM-Pal 21835-2:Y40/3 A chironomid nematoceran
Extant example

Molluscs

[edit]

Gastropods

[edit]
Genus Species Locality Material Notes Images
Allopeas[12] A. agnolini Locality 4 Shells An achatinid gastropod
Extant specimen
Bocourtia[12] B. leonardodavincii Locality 4 Shells A bulimulid gastropod
Extant specimen
Coelostemma[12] C. patagonica Locality 4 Shells A holospirid gastropod
Holospira[3] H. sp. Locality 4 Shells An urocoptidae gastropod
Leptinaria[12] Cf.L. sp. Locality 4 Shells An achatinid gastropod
Extant specimen
Lilloiconcha[12] L. novasi Locality 4 Shells A charopid gastropod
Naesiotus[12] Cf.N. sp. Locality 4 Shells A bulimulid gastropod
Extant specimen
Physa[3] P. sp. Locality 4 Shells A physidae gastropod
Extant specimen
Physella[12] Cf.P. sp. Locality 4 Shells A physidae gastropod
Extant specimen
Pleuroceridae indet.[3] Indeterminate Locality 4 Shells Incertade sedis
Pomacea[3] P. sp. Locality 4 Shells An ampullariidae gastropod
Extant specimen
Potamolithus[12] P. fabiani Locality 4 Shells A tateid gastropod
Extant specimen
Stenophysa[3] S. sp. Locality 4 Shells A physidae gastropod

Bivalves

[edit]
Color key
Taxon Reclassified taxon Taxon falsely reported as present Dubious taxon or junior synonym Ichnotaxon Ootaxon Morphotaxon
 Notes
Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; crossed out taxa are discredited.
Genus Species Locality Material Notes Images
Chlamys[3] "C." salamanca Locality 5 Shells A pectinid bivalve
Extant specimen
Cubitostrea[3] C. ameghinoi Locality 5 Shells An ostreid bivalve
Extant specimen
Gryphaeostrea[3] G. callophyla Locality 5 Shells A gryphaeid bivalve

Fishes

[edit]
Genus Species Locality Material Notes Images
Lamniformes indet.[3] Indeterminate Locality 5 Isolated upper lateral tooth Similar to Cretalamna[5]
Vidalamiinae indet.[3] Indeterminate Locality 2 Isolated tooth An amiid fish

Amphibians

[edit]
Genus Species Locality Material Notes Images
Anura indet.[3] Indeterminate Locality 4 MPM 21518, isolated tibiofibula
Calyptocephalella[5][3] C. gayi Locality 2 MPM-PV-22844, proximal right radioulna; MPM-PV-22845, left proximal end of tibiofibula; MPM-PV-22846, proximal half of urostyle. A calyptocephalellid frog
Extant specimen of C. gayi
C. sp. Magallanodon Site maxillae MPM-PV-22841 and MPM-PV-22842; ilium MPM-PV-22843 A species very small in size, distinct from C. gayi.
Calyptocephalellidae indet.[3] Indeterminate Locality 4 MPM 21519, distal end of right humerus with eroded distal margin
Pipoidea indet.[5][3] Indeterminate Locality 2 Distal end of right humerus Resembles, yet is different from, Xenopus[5]

Plesiosaurs

[edit]
Genus Species Locality Material Notes Images
Elasmosauridae indet.[5] Indeterminate Locality 5 Incomplete cervical centrum and the lateral half of a very fragmentary dorsal vertebra May belong to the Calafate Formation

Lepidosaurs

[edit]
Color key
Taxon Reclassified taxon Taxon falsely reported as present Dubious taxon or junior synonym Ichnotaxon Ootaxon Morphotaxon
 Notes
Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; crossed out taxa are discredited.

Mosasaurs

[edit]
Genus Species Locality Material Notes Images
Mosasauridae indet.[5][3] Indeterminate Locality 5 Seven teeth Its presence suggest marine influences

Rhynchocephalians

[edit]
Genus Species Locality Material Notes Images
Notosphenos[13] N. finisterre Monotreme site Fragmentary jawbone with two complete teeth and one partial tooth[14] A sphenodontid rhynchocephalian
Alternate interpretations of the holotype

Snakes

[edit]
Genus Species Locality Material Notes Images
Alethinophidia indet.[3][13] Indeterminate Locality 4 MPM 21522, a vertebra
Anilioidea indet.[5] Indeterminate Locality 2 MPM-PV-22847, a vertebra
Coniophiidae indet.[13] Indeterminate Monotreme site Two partial vertebrae Shares some features with Coniophis
Madtsoiidae indet.[13] Indeterminate Monotreme site; Green Valley site Two partial vertebrae
Rionegrophis[3] R. madtsoioides Locality 2 A partial vertebra A madtsoiid snake

Turtles

[edit]
Genus Species Locality Material Notes Images
Chelidae indet.[3] Indeterminate Locality 2 Shell fragments (two peripheral and one costal plates) Largest plates suggest a maximum carapace length of 40 cm.
Hydromedusinae indet.[5] Indeterminate Localities 2, 4, 5 Shell fragments (left peripheral 3 or 4, bridge peripherals, right hypoplastron, buttress, and plastral fragment) Similar to Hydromedusa
Modern Hydromedusa
Meiolaniformes indet.[5] Indeterminate Locality 4 Distal end of a left humerus Southernmost record for the clade in South America

Archosaurs

[edit]

Crocodylomorphs

[edit]
Genus Species Locality Material Notes Images
Kostensuchus[15] K. atrox Estancia La Anita Skull, jaws, and incomplete postcranial skeleton A large-bodied peirosaurid

Ornithischians

[edit]
Genus Species Locality Material Notes Images
Hadrosauridae indet.[3][16] Indeterminate La Anita Farm Two incomplete caudal centra
Isasicursor[3] I. santacrucensis Locality 5 Multiple specimens, including teeth, several vertebrae, shoulder blades, and limbs An elasmarian ornithopod
Ornithopoda indet.[3][16] Indeterminate La Anita Farm Proximal end of a femur A small ornithopod
Parankylosauria indet.[16][15] Indeterminate La Anita Farm Five fragmentary caudal vertebrae, incomplete ribs, two incomplete humeri, and nine osteoderms

Sauropods

[edit]
Genus Species Locality Material Notes Images
Fusioolithus[17] F. sp. Locality 2, Puma cave, or Locality 4 Eggshells Fusioolithidae ootaxon
Lithostrotia indet.[18] Indeterminate Río Leona MACN 5205 (3 middle–posterior caudal centra)
Nullotitan[3] N. glaciaris Estancia Alta Vista, Localities 1, 2, 4, and 5 A partial skeleton consisting of a third cervical vertebra, tail vertebrae, a neck rib, ribs, a left shoulder blade, the ends of a right thigh bone, a right shin, a right calf bone, and a right ankle bone A lithostrotian titanosaur
Titanosauria indet.[3] Indeterminate Locality 2 and 4 Seven isolated teeth[3]

Theropods

[edit]
Genus Species Locality Material Notes
Enantiornithes indet.[5] Indeterminate Locality 2, and 4 Distal fragment of a pedal phalanx and two isolated ungual pedal phalanges
Kank[19] K. australis Monotreme site Fragmentary remains, including vertebrae, teeth, and pedal phalanges An unenlagiid theropod
Kookne[3] K. yeutensis Locality 2 An incomplete right coracoid, lacking the sternal end and the proximal end damaged An ornithuran bird similar to Anseriformes
Maip[20] M. macrothorax La Anita Farm Axis, several dorsal and caudal vertebrae, cervical and dorsal ribs, gastralia, a left coracoid, fragmentary scapula, partial right pubis, and partial metatarsal A large megaraptorid theropod
Megaraptoridae indet.[3] Indeterminate La Anita Farm Isolated teeth[3]
Noasauridae indet.[3] Indeterminate Locality 4 Isolated right pedal phalanx IV-2?[3] Similar to Velocisaurus and Vespersaurus
Prismatoolithidae indet.[3][17] Indeterminate Locality 4 Eggshells Theropod eggshells
Yatenavis[21] Y. ieujensis Estancia La Anita Distal right humerus An enantiornithean bird

Mammals

[edit]
Genus Species Locality Material Notes Images
Magallanodon[22] M. baikashkenke[23] Río de Las Chinas Valley and La Anita Farm Tentative first upper molariform, anterior end of a left dentary bearing part of its gliriform incisor, and upper mesial incisor from the right side A ferugliotheriid gondwanathere
M. terrwerr[24] Locality 2 MPM-PV-23088, isolated right lower molariform; MPM-PV-23089, isolated right lower molariform A ferugliotheriid gondwanathere
Mammalia indet.[3] Indeterminate Locality 4 Two isolated caudal vertebrae Characters shared with mammals include having a long and gracile tail
Meridiolestida indet.[24] Indeterminate Monotreme site MPM-PV-21707, two fragments of a right dentary Small taxon similar to Reigitherium
Mesungulatoidea indet.[24] Indeterminate La Anita Farm MPM-PV-21708, fragment of left dentary with five alveoli corresponding with three teeth. Larger than any known Mesozoic meridiolestidan[24]
Orretherium[24] O. tzei Monotreme site MPM-PV-23514, left upper second molariform. A member of Meridiolestida belonging to the family Mesungulatidae
Patagorhynchus[25] P. pascuali Monotreme site Lower right molar attached to a fragment of the dentary A ornithorhynchid monotreme
Patagomaia[24][26] P. chainko La Anita Farm Partial left acetabulum and ischium; MPM-PV-23515, one fragment of thoracic vertebra, posterior half of one caudal vertebra and 38 indeterminate bones. A large therian or gondwanathere similar to Adalatherium[27]

Flora

[edit]
Color key
Taxon Reclassified taxon Taxon falsely reported as present Dubious taxon or junior synonym Ichnotaxon Ootaxon Morphotaxon
 Notes
Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; crossed out taxa are discredited.

Algae

[edit]
Genus Species Affinity / Family Image
Botryococcus[7][9] B. sp. Botryococcaceae
Cymatiosphaera[7][9] C. sp. Zygnemataceae
Leiosphaeridia[7][9] L. sp. Zygnemataceae
Ovoidites[7][9] O. parvus Zygnemataceae
O. spriggii Zygnemataceae
Schizosporis[7][9] S. reticulatus Zygnemataceae (aff. Spirogyra)
Sphaeroplea[9] S. striatocristata Sphaeropleaceae

Liverworts

[edit]
Genus Species Affinity / Family Image
Aequitriradites[7][9] A. spinulosus Marchantiidae
Stoverisporites[7][9] S. microverrucatus Marchantiidae
Taurocusporites[7][9] T. segmentatus Marchantiidae
Triporoletes[7][9] T. reticulatus Marchantiidae
T. sp. Marchantiidae

Hornworts

[edit]
Genus Species Affinity / Family Image
Foraminisporis[7][9] F. wonthaggiensis Anthocerotidae
F. sp. Anthocerotidae

Lycopods

[edit]
Genus Species Affinity / Family Image
Camarozonosporites[7][9] C. ambigens Selaginellales
Ceratosporites[7][9] C. equalis Selaginellales
Densoisporites[7][9] D. velatus Selaginellales
Foveosporites[7][9] F. sp. Selaginellales
Retitriletes[7][9] R. austroclavatidites Lycopodiales
R. sp. cf. R. douglasii Lycopodiales

Ferns

[edit]
Genus Species Affinity / Family Image
Azolla[7][9] A. cf. andreisii Salviniaceae
A. sp. Salviniaceae
Baculatisporites[7][9] B. comaumensis Osmundaceae
B. kachaikensis Osmundaceae
B. turbioensis Osmundaceae
cf. Cladophlebis[8] C. sp. Polypodiopsida
Clavifera[7][9] C. sp. Gleicheniaceae
Cyatheacidites[7][9] C. annulatus Dicksoniaceae (aff. Lophosoria)
Cyathidites[7][9] C. australis Cyatheaceae
C. minor Cyatheaceae
C. rafaeli Cyatheaceae
Dictyophyllidites[7][9] D. sp. cf. D. concavus Dipteridaceae / Matoniaceae
Gleicheniidites[7][9] G. sp. Gleicheniaceae
Leptolepidites[7][9] L. verrucatus Blechnaceae
Ornamentifera[7][9] O. sp. Gleicheniaceae
Osmundacidites[7][9] O. diazii Osmundaceae
Peromonolites[7][9] P. vellosus Blechnaceae

Non-conifer seed plants

[edit]
Genus Species Affinity / Family Image
Cycadopites[7][9] C. follicularis Cycadales, Bennettitales, or Ginkgoales
Ephedripites[7][9] E. ambiguous Ephedrales
Equisetosporites[7][9] E. notensis Ephedrales
E. sp. cf. E. dudarensis Ephedrales
Vitreisporites[7][9] V. signatus Pteridosperms

Conifers

[edit]
Genus Species Affinity / Family Image
Araucariacites[7][9] A. australis Araucariaceae
Callialasporites[7][9] C. turbatus Araucariaceae
Classopollis[7][9] C. sp. Cheirolepidiaceae
Cyclusphaera[7][9] C. psilata Araucariaceae
Dacrycarpites[7][9] D. australiensis Podocarpaceae
Dilwynites[7][9] D. tuberculatus Araucariaceae
Gamerroites[7][9] G. psilasaccus Podocarpaceae
Lygistepollenites[7][9] L. florinii Podocarpaceae
Microcachryidites[7][9] M. antarcticus Podocarpaceae (aff. Microcachrys)
Microcachrys
Peripollenites[7][9] P. sp. Cupressaceae
Phyllocladidites[7][9] P. mawsonii Podocarpaceae (aff. Lagarostrobos franklinii)
Lagarostrobos
Podocarpidites[7][9] P. elegans Podocarpaceae
P. elipticus Podocarpaceae
P. exiguus Podocarpaceae
P. herbstii Podocarpaceae
P. major Podocarpaceae
P. marwikii Podocarpaceae
P. otagoensis Podocarpaceae
P. sp. cf. P. langii Podocarpaceae
P. sp. cf. P. microreticuloidata Podocarpaceae
P. torquatus Podocarpaceae
P. verrucosus Podocarpaceae
Podocarpoxylon[3] P. dusenii Podocarpaceae
Trichotomosulcites[7][9] T. subgranulatus Podocarpaceae

Magnoliids

[edit]
Genus Species Affinity / Family Image
Clavatimonocolpites[7][9] C. sp. Magnoliids

Monocots

[edit]
Genus Species Affinity / Family Image
Arecipites[7][9] A. minutiscabratus Arecaceae
A. sp. cf. A. subverrucatus Arecaceae
Aff.Eolirion[8] "Morphotype 5" Palmae
Longapertites[7][9] L. proxapertitoides Arecaceae
Liliacidites[7][9] L. lanceolatus Liliales (aff. Lilium)
Lilium
L. variegatus Liliales (aff. Lilium)
L. vermireticulatus Liliales
L. sp. cf. L. kaitangataensis Liliaceae/Amaryllidaceae
Monocotyledonean[8] "Morphotype 6" Monocots
Nuphar[8] N.? sp. 1 Nymphaeaceae
Extant specimen
N.? sp. 2 Nymphaeaceae
Palmoxylon[28] P. kospi Arecoideae
Arecoideae
P. anciborae Trachycarpeae (Aff. Chamaerops and Trachycarpus)
Chamaerops
Pandaniidites[7][9] P. typicus Araceae
Proxapertites[7][9] P. operculatus Araceae
Spinozonocolpites[7][9] S. hialinus Arecaceae

Eudicots

[edit]
Genus Species Affinity / Family Image
Beauprea[7][9] B. elegansiformis Proteales
Beauprea drawing
Aff. Brachychiton[8] "Morphotype 4" Malvaceae
Extant specimen
Buttinia[7][9] B. andreevii Buxales
Clavamonocolpites[7][9] C. sp. ?Chloranthaceae
Coccoloba?[8] "Morphotype 1" Polygonaceae
Extant specimen
Constantinisporis[7][9] C. jacquei ?Chloranthaceae
Dicotetradites[7][9] D. sp. Ericales
Diporites[7][9] D. sp. ?Chloranthaceae
Doyleipollenites[7][9] D. sp. ?Chloranthaceae
Ericipites[7][9] E. scabratus Ericales
Eudicots[8] "Morphotype 3" Eudicots
Myrtaceidites[7][9] M. sp. cf. M. mesonesus Myrtales
Nothofagidites[7][9] N. saraensis Nothofagaceae (cf. Nothofagus)
Nothofagus
Nyssapollenites[7][9] N. sp. ?Chloranthaceae
Peninsulapollis[7][9] P. gillii Proteaceae (cf. Beauprea?)
P. truswelliae Proteaceae (cf. Beauprea?)
Polycolpites[7][9] P. sp. Pedaliaceae (?cf. Josephinia)
Proteacidites[7][9] P. parvus Proteaceae (cf. Bellendena montana)
Bellendena
P. subscabratus Proteaceae
P. sp. cf. P. tenuiexinus Proteaceae
P. sp. Proteaceae
Psilatricolporites[7][9] P. sp. cf. P. complanatius Tetrameristaceae
P. sp. Tetrameristaceae
Retidiporites[7][9] R. camachoi Proteaceae
Rhoipites[7][9] R. baculatus Ericales
R. minusculus Ericales
R. sp. cf. R. alveolatus Ericales
R. sp. 1 Ericales
R. sp. 2 Ericales
Rousea[7][9] R. patagonica Ericales
R. sp. cf. R. minuscula Ericales
R. sp. Ericales
Syncolporites[7][9] S. sp. Ericales
Tetracolpites[7][9] T. sp. ?Chloranthaceae
Triatriopollenites[7][9] T. lateflexus Proteaceae
Tricesticillus[7][9] T. americanus ?Chloranthaceae
Tricolpites[7][9] T. reticulatus Gunneraceae (Gunnera macrophylla)
Gunnera
T. sp. cf. T. brevicolpus Gunneraceae
T. sp. cf. T. inargutus Gunneraceae
T. sp. cf. T. lumbrerensis Gunneraceae
T. sp. 1 Ranunculaceae (cf. Clematis)
Clematis
Tricolporites[7][9] T. sp. 2 Ericales
T. sp. 3 Ericales
Tricolporoidites[7][9] T. sp. cf. T. eximius Ericales
Triorites[7][9] T. sp. cf. T. minusculus ?Chloranthaceae
Tubulifloridites[7][9] T. lilliei Ericales
Volkheimerites[7][9] V. labyrinthus ?Chloranthaceae

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ↑ Marenssi et al., 2003, p.406
  2. ↑ Río Leona at Fossilworks.org
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 Fernando Novas; Federico Agnolin; Sebastián Rozadilla; Alexis Aranciaga-Rolando; Federico Brissón-Eli; Matias Motta; Mauricio Cerroni; Martín Ezcurra; Agustin Martinelli; Julia D'Angelo; Gerardo Álvarez-Herrera; Adriel Gentil; Sergio Bogan; Nicolas Chimento; Jordi García-Marsà; Gastón Lo Coco; Sergio Miquel; Fatima Brito; Ezequiel Vera; Valeria Loinaze; Mariela Fernandez; Leonardo Salgado (2019). "Paleontological discoveries in the Chorrillo Formation (upper Campanian-lower Maastrichtian, Upper Cretaceous), Santa Cruz Province, Patagonia, Argentina". Revista del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales. Nueva Series. 21 (2): 217–293. doi:10.22179/revmacn.21.655. hdl:11336/122229.
  4. 1 2 3 Raigemborn, M. Sol; Lizzoli, Sabrina; Moyano-Paz, Damián; Varela, Augusto N.; Poiré, Daniel G.; Perez Loinaze, Valeria; Vera, Ezequiel; Manabe, Makoto; Novas, Fernando (October 2023). "Paleosols of the Maastrichtian dinosaur-bearing Chorrillo Formation (southern Patagonia, Argentina): Paleoenvironmental and paleoclimate implications". Cretaceous Research. 150 105587. Bibcode:2023CrRes.15005587R. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2023.105587.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Moyano-Paz, D.; Rozadilla, S.; Agnolín, F.; Vera, E.; Coronel, M.D.; Varela, A.N.; Gómez-Dacal, A.R.; Aranciaga-Rolando, A.M.; D'Angelo, J.; Pérez-Loinaze, V.; Richiano, S.; Chimento, N.; Motta, M.J.; Sterli, J.; Manabe, M.; Tsuihiji, T.; Isasi, M.P.; Poiré, D.G.; Novas, F.E. (February 2022). "The uppermost Cretaceous continental deposits at the southern end of Patagonia, the Chorrillo Formation case study (Austral-Magallanes Basin): Sedimentology, fossil content and regional implications". Cretaceous Research. 130 105059. Bibcode:2022CrRes.13005059M. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2021.105059.
  6. ↑ Perez Loinaze, Valeria S.; Vera, Ezequiel I.; Manabe, Makoto; Tsuihiji, Takanobu; Sano, Takashi; Raigemborn, María Sol; Lizzoli, Sabrina; Moyano Paz, Damián; Varela, Augusto N.; Poiré, Daniel Gustavo; Novas, Fernando Emilio (October 2025). "Maastrichtian climate of southern Patagonia (Argentina): An approach from paleosols of the dinosaur-bearing Chorrillo Formation". Cretaceous Research. 174 106144. Elsevier BV. Bibcode:2025CrRes.17406144R. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2025.106144. hdl:11336/263254. ISSN 0195-6671.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 Perez Loinaze, Valeria S.; Vera, Ezequiel I.; Raigemborn, M. Sol; Moyano-Paz, Damián; Santamarina, Patricio; Agnolín, Federico; Manabe, Makoto; Tsuihiji, Takanobu; Novas, Fernando E. (March 2025). "Palynofloras from the Maastrichtian Chorrillo Formation (Patagonia, Argentina): Paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic implications". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 662 112764. Bibcode:2025PPP...66212764P. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2025.112764.
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Vera, Ezequiel I.; Perez Loinaze, Valeria S.; Moyano-Paz, Damián; Coronel, Marina D.; Manabe, Makoto; Tsuihiji, Takanobu; Novas, Fernando E. (October 2022). "Paleobotany of the uppermost Cretaceous Chorrillo Formation, Santa Cruz Province, Argentina: insights in a freshwater floral community". Cretaceous Research. 138 105296. Bibcode:2022CrRes.13805296V. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2022.105296.
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 Perez Loinaze, V. S.; Vera, E. I.; Moyano-Paz, D.; Coronel, M. D.; Manabe, M.; Tsuihiji, T.; Novas, F. E. (2023). "Maastrichtian palynological assemblages from the Chorrillo Formation, Patagonia, Argentina". Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology. 314 104893. 104893. Bibcode:2023RPaPa.31404893P. doi:10.1016/j.revpalbo.2023.104893. S2CID 258043990.
  10. ↑ Panzeri, Karen M.; Bogan, Sergio; Raigemborn, María Sol; Pagani, María Alejandra; Chimento, Nicolás; Agnolín, Federico L.; Martinelli, Agustín G. (December 2024). "Purported crushing teeth of actinopterygian fishes from the Late Cretaceous of Patagonia reinterpreted as crustacean bio-gastroliths". Journal of South American Earth Sciences. 149 105179. Bibcode:2024JSAES.14905179P. doi:10.1016/j.jsames.2024.105179. hdl:11336/261741.
  11. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Vera, Ezequiel I.; Monferran, Mateo D.; Massaferro, Julieta; Sabater, Lara M.; Gallego, Oscar F.; Perez Loinaze, Valeria S.; Moyano-Paz, Damián; Agnolín, Federico L.; Manabe, Makoto; Tsuhiji, Takanobu; Novas, Fernando E. (2023-12-11). "A Maastrichtian insect assemblage from Patagonia sheds light on arthropod diversity previous to the K/Pg event". Communications Biology. 6 (1) 1249. doi:10.1038/s42003-023-05596-2. ISSN 2399-3642. PMC 10711029. PMID 38072954.
  12. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Miquel, S. E. (2024). "New species and records of freshwater and land gastropods from the Cretaceous of Argentina". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen. 310 (2): 119–131. Bibcode:2024NJGPA.310..119M. doi:10.1127/njgpa/2023/1173.
  13. 1 2 3 4 Agnolín, Federico; Aranciaga Rolando, Mauro; Manabe, Makoto; Tsuihiji, Takanobu; Novas, Fernando E. (3 April 2025). "Southernmost lepidosaur (Reptilia) assemblage from the Late Cretaceous of Patagonia". Historical Biology. 37 (4): 888–902. Bibcode:2025HBio...37..888A. doi:10.1080/08912963.2024.2341850. hdl:11336/258908.
  14. ↑ Garberoglio, Fernando F.; Gómez, Raúl O.; Apesteguía, Sebastián (2024-08-28). "Comment on Agnolín et al. (2024): southernmost lepidosaur (Reptilia) assemblage from the Late Cretaceous of Patagonia". Historical Biology. 37 (5): 1323–1328. doi:10.1080/08912963.2024.2392716. ISSN 0891-2963.
  15. 1 2 Novas, F. E.; Pol, D.; Agnolín, F. L.; Carvalho, I. S.; Manane, M.; Tsuihiji, T.; Rozadilla, S.; Lio, G. L.; Isasi, M. P. (2025). "A new large hypercarnivorous crocodyliform from the Maastrichtian of Southern Patagonia, Argentina". PLOS ONE. 20 (8) e0328561. Bibcode:2025PLoSO..2028561N. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0328561. PMC 12385380. PMID 40864626.
  16. 1 2 3 Rozadilla, Sebastián; Agnolín, Federico; Manabe, Makoto; Tsuihiji, Takanobu; Novas, Fernando E. (2021). "Ornithischian remains from the Chorrillo Formation (Upper Cretaceous), southern Patagonia, Argentina, and their implications on ornithischian paleobiogeography in the Southern Hemisphere". Cretaceous Research. 125 104881. Bibcode:2021CrRes.12504881R. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2021.104881. ISSN 0195-6671.
  17. 1 2 Tanaka, Kohei; Novas, Fernando E.; Manabe, Makoto; Sakata, Chisako; Garcia Marsà, Jordi Alexis; Zelenitsky, Darla K. (2026-09-01). "Titanosaur eggshells from the latest Cretaceous of Patagonia, Argentina: implications for nesting at high latitude". Royal Society Open Science. 13 (9) 260333. doi:10.1098/rsos.260333. ISSN 2054-5703. PMC 13561085. PMID 42729101.
  18. ↑ Powell, J. E. (2003). "Revision of South American titanosaurid dinosaurs: palaeobiological, palaeobiogeographical and phylogenetic aspects". Records of the Queen Victoria Museum. 111: 1–173.
  19. ↑ Motta, Matías J.; Aranciaga Rolando, Alexis M.; Rozadilla, Sebastián; Agnolín, Federico L.; Brissón Egli, Federico; Álvarez Herrera, Gerardo P.; Chimento, Nicolás R.; Lo Coco, Gastón; Tsuihiji, Takanobu; Manabe, Makoto; Pol, Diego; Novas, Fernando E. (2026-05-28). "New unenlagiid from the Chorrillo Formation (Late Cretaceous, Maastrichtian), SW Patagonia, Argentina". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 46 (2) e2656456. Bibcode:2026JVPal..4656456M. doi:10.1080/02724634.2026.2656456.
  20. ↑ Aranciaga Rolando AM, Motta MJ, Agnolín FL, Manabe M, Tsuihiji T, Novas FE (2022). "A large Megaraptoridae (Theropoda: Coelurosauria) from Upper Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) of Patagonia, Argentina". Scientific Reports. 12 (1) 6318. Bibcode:2022NatSR..12.6318A. doi:10.1038/s41598-022-09272-z. PMC 9042913. PMID 35474310.
  21. ↑ Herrera, Gerardo Álvarez; Agnolín, Federico; Rozadilla, Sebastián; Lo Coco, Gastón E.; Manabe, Makoto; Tsuihiji, Takanobu; Novas, Fernando E. (April 2023). "New enantiornithine bird from the uppermost Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) of southern Patagonia, Argentina". Cretaceous Research. 144 105452. Bibcode:2023CrRes.14405452H. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2022.105452.
  22. ↑ Goin, Francisco J.; et al. (2020). "First Mesozoic Mammal from Chile: the southernmost RECORD of a Late Cretaceous Gondwanatherian" (PDF). Boletín del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Chile. 69 (1): 5–31. doi:10.54830/bmnhn.v69.n1.2020.8. S2CID 255652030.
  23. ↑ Chimento, Nicolás R.; Agnolin, Federico L.; Tsuihiji, Takanobu; Manabe, Makoto; Novas, Fernando E. (2020-11-19). "New record of a Mesozoic gondwanatherian mammaliaform from Southern Patagonia". The Science of Nature. 107 (6) 49. Bibcode:2020SciNa.107...49C. doi:10.1007/s00114-020-01705-x. hdl:11336/135642. ISSN 0028-1042. PMID 33211174.
  24. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Chimento, N. R.; Agnolín, F. L.; Moyano-Paz, D.; Manabe, M.; Tsuihiji, T.; Novas, F. E. (2025). "New fossil mammal remains from the Chorrillo Formation (Maastrichtian, Upper Cretaceous), Santa Cruz Province, Argentina". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 45 (2) e2531263. Bibcode:2025JVPal..4531263C. doi:10.1080/02724634.2025.2531263. hdl:11336/276968.
  25. ↑ Chimento, N. R.; Agnolín, F. L.; Manabe, M.; Tsuihiji, T.; Rich, T. H.; Vickers-Rich, P.; Novas, F. E. (2023). "First monotreme from the Late Cretaceous of South America". Communications Biology. 6 (1). 146. doi:10.1038/s42003-023-04498-7. PMC 9935847. PMID 36797304.
  26. ↑ Chimento, Nicolás R.; Agnolín, Federico L.; García-Marsà, Jordi; Manabe, Makoto; Tsuihiji, Takanobu; Novas, Fernando E. (February 3, 2024). "A large therian mammal from the Late Cretaceous of South America". Scientific Reports. 14 (1): 2854. Bibcode:2024NatSR..14.2854C. doi:10.1038/s41598-024-53156-3. PMC 10838296. PMID 38310138.
  27. ↑ Püschel, Hans P.; Martinelli, Agustín G.; Soto-Acuña, Sergio; Vargas, Alexander O. (2024). "Patagomaia could be a gondwanatherian". Scientific Reports. 14 (1). 28632. Bibcode:2024NatSR..1428632P. doi:10.1038/s41598-024-78400-8. PMC 11576905. PMID 39562677.
  28. ↑ Vera, Ezequiel I.; Perez Loinaze, Valeria S.; Raigemborn, M. Sol; Moyano-Paz, Damián (2026). "Non-tropical Palmoxylon species (Arecaceae: Arecoideae and Trachycarpeae) from the uppermost Cretaceous Chorrillo Formation, southern Patagonia". Cretaceous Research. 189 106479. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2026.106479.

Bibliography

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