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Callicarpa

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Callicarpa
Callicarpa dichotoma 'Early Amethyst' (Purple beautyberry)
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Embryophytes
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Spermatophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Lamiaceae
Genus: Callicarpa
L.[1]
Synonyms[1]
  • Aganon Raf.
  • Amictonis Raf.
  • Burchardia Duhamel
  • Geunsia Blume
  • Illa Adans.
  • Johnsonia Mill.
  • Mamanira Rumph. ex Bosc
  • Porphyra Lour.
  • Sphondylococcum Schauer
  • Spondylococcos Mitch.
  • Tomex L.

Callicarpa (beautyberry) Commonly known as beautyberry, is a genus of shrubs and small trees in the family Lamiaceae. They are native to east and southeast Asia (where the majority of the species occur), Australia, Madagascar, south-eastern North America and South America.[1][2]

its leaves are simple, opposite, usually 5 to 25 cm long and its flowers are small, white to pink or light purple in color and its fruit called berres.

Description

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The temperate species are deciduous, the tropical species evergreen. The leaves are simple, opposite, and 5–25 cm long. The flowers are in clusters, white to pinkish. The fruit is, in botanical terms, a berry up to 5 mm diameter. They are pink to red-purple with a highly distinctive metallic lustre, and are very conspicuous in clusters on the bare branches after the leaves fall. The berries last well into the winter or dry season and are an important survival food for birds and other animals, though they will not eat them until other sources are depleted. The berries are highly astringent but are made into wine and jelly. Callicarpa species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species in Asia including Endoclita malabaricus and Endoclita undulifer.

Its leaves are simple, opposite, usually 5 to 25 cm long and its flowers are small, white to pink or light purple in color and its fruit called berres.

Wildly grown in gardens for its berries and used for food of animals and birds and store for winter seasons.

Some species used in medicines for fever and rheumatism. it also used for mosquito repellents.

Etymology

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The Latin name callicarpa derives from the Greek κάλλος (kállos) 'beauty' and καρπός (karpós) 'fruit'.[3][4]

Selected species

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  • Callicarpa americana (American beautyberry) is native to the southeastern United States.[5] It can typically reach 1 to 2 meters in height. A jelly can be made from its ripe berries. Ornamental varieties of Callicarpa americana have been bred to have pink or white berries.
  • Callicarpa bodinieri (Bodinier's beautyberry)), native to west-central China (Sichuan, Hubei, Shaanxi), is more cold-tolerant than C. americana, and is the species most widely cultivated in northwestern Europe. It can reach 3 meters tall.
  • Callicarpa japonica (Japanese beautyberry), native to Japan, is also cultivated in gardens. It is called Murasakishikibu in Japanese, in honor of Murasaki Shikibu.
  • Callicarpa dichotoma (Purple beautyberry), native to Japan, China, and Korea.

Uses

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Insect repellent

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American beautyberry has been used as a folk remedy to prevent mosquito bites.[6][7] Four chemicals isolated from Callicarpa have been shown to act as insect repellents:borneol,[8] callicarpenal, intermedeol, and spathulenol.[9] The use of callicarpenal has been patented by the United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Research Service as a mosquito repellent.[6]

Species

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As of March 2026, Plants of the World Online accepts the following 164 species:[1]

References

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  1. 1 2 3 4 "Callicarpa L." Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 2026. Retrieved 30 March 2026.
  2. ↑ "Callicarpa L." Global Biodiversity Information Facility. 2026. Retrieved 30 March 2026.
  3. ↑ "κάλλος". LSJ. Retrieved 13 May 2026.
  4. ↑ "καρπός". LSJ. Retrieved 29 March 2026.
  5. ↑ Biota of North America Program, 2013 county distribution map
  6. 1 2 "Learning from our elders: Folk Remedy Yields Mosquito-Thwarting Compound". Agricultural Research. Agricultural Research Service. 6 February 2006.
  7. ↑ Scientists Confirm Folk Remedy Repels Mosquitoes University of Mississippi (ScienceDaily) July 3, 2006
  8. ↑ "Species Information". sun.ars-grin.gov. Archived from the original on 10 November 2004. Retrieved 2 March 2008.
  9. ↑ Cantrell, C. L.; Klun, J. A.; Bryson, C. T.; Kobaisy, M.; Duke, S. O. (2005). "Isolation and Identification of Mosquito Bite Deterrent Terpenoids from Leaves of American (Callicarpa americana) and Japanese (Callicarpa japonica) Beautyberry". Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 53 (15): 5948–53. doi:10.1021/jf0509308. PMID 16028979.
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