Begtse
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Begtse (Tibetan: བེག་ཚེ་, Wylie: beg tse chen lcam sring; "Begtse the Great Coat of Mail") is a dharmapala and the lord of war in Tibetan Buddhism, originally a pre-Buddhist war god of the Mongols.[1]
Name
[edit]The name Begtse is a loanword from Mongolian begder, meaning "coat of mail". He is also given the name and epithet Jamsaran (Tibetan: ལག་མིང་གསུམ་པ་, lCam sring), meaning "Great Coat of Mail", which is a translation of the Mongolian.[2]
Description
[edit]Begtse is depicted with red skin and orange-red hair, possessing two arms (as opposed to other Mahākālas, who have four or six), three blood-shot eyes, and wielding a sword in his right hand. In his left hand, he holds a human heart. His right arm also holds a bow and arrow and a halberd with a banner. He wears a chainmail shirt, which gave rise to his name, Jamsaran, and a Mongolian helmet adorned with a crown of five skulls and four banners at the back. He is accompanied by his consort, Rikpay Lhamo, and his main general, Laihansorgodog. Surrounding them are Jamsaran's satellites, the twenty-nine butchers.[3]
Culture
[edit]Jamsaran is represented in Mongolian, and to a lesser extent Tibetan, Cham dance.[4]
See also
[edit]- Beg tse, a ceratopsian dinosaur named after the deity[5]
- King Gesar, regarded as an incarnation of Jamsaran[6]
- Roman von Ungern-Sternberg, called an incarnation of Jamsaran by his followers[7]
Citations
[edit]- ↑ Chiodo, Elisabetta. "The Mongolian Manuscripts on Birch Bark from Xarbuxyn Balgas in the Collection of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences." Asiatische Forschungen, 2000, p.149.
- ↑ Chiodo, 2000, p.149
- ↑ Pegg, Carole. Mongolian Music, Dance, & Oral Narrative, 2001, p.158
- ↑ Pegg, 2001, pp.158–159
- ↑ Yu, Congyu; Prieto-Marquez, Albert; Chinzorig, Tsogtbaatar; Badamkhatan, Zorigt; Norell, Mark (2020-09-10). "A neoceratopsian dinosaur from the early Cretaceous of Mongolia and the early evolution of ceratopsia". Communications Biology. 3 (1): 499. doi:10.1038/s42003-020-01222-7. ISSN 2399-3642. PMC 7484756.
- ↑ Chiodo, 2000, p.149, footnote 11
- ↑ Kuzmin, Sergius L. "Кузьмин С.Л., Митруев Б.Л. 2023. Барон Р.Ф. фон Унгерн-Штернберг как бог войны: исторические и религиозные основания (Kuzmin S.L., Mitruev B.L. 2023. Baron R. F. von Ungern-Sternberg as the God of War: historical and religious grounds)". Oriental Courier. doi:10.18254/S268684310028202-0.
General and cited references
[edit]- Chiodo, Elisabetta (2000). "The Mongolian Manuscripts on Birch Bark from Xarbuxyn Balgas in the Collection of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences". Asiatische Forschungen. 137. ISBN 9783447042468. ISSN 0571-320X.
- Pegg, Carole (2001). Mongolian Music, Dance, & Oral Narrative. ISBN 9780295981123.