Apocynum
| Apocynum | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Apocynum androsaemifolium | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Gentianales |
| Family: | Apocynaceae |
| Subfamily: | Apocynoideae |
| Tribe: | Apocyneae |
| Genus: | Apocynum L. |
| Synonyms[1] | |
| |
Apocynum, commonly known as dogbane[2] or Indian hemp,[2] is a small genus of the flowering plant family Apocynaceae. Its name comes from Ancient Greek ἀπόκυνον,[3] from ἀπο- apo- "away" and κύων kyōn "dog",[4] referring to dogbane (Cionura erecta),[5] which was used to poison dogs.[6] The genus is native to North America, temperate Asia, and southeastern Europe.[1][7][8]
Apocynum species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species, including the queen butterfly and the mouse moth.
Uses
[edit]Apocynum cannabinum is used as a source of fiber by Native Americans. Apocynum venetum (Chinese: 羅布麻) is used as an herbal tea in China.[9] Dogbane contains cymarin, a cardiotonic agent formerly used to treat cardiac arrhythmia in humans.[10]
Species
[edit]Almost 300 names have been proposed in the genus for species, subspecies, and forms.[1] As of 2019[update], only the following five species and hybrids are currently recognized, with several subspecies and varieties accepted for A. androsaemifolium and A. venetum (see their respective species pages).[11]
- Apocynum androsaemifolium L. – Canada, United States, northeastern Mexico
- Apocynum cannabinum L. – Canada, United States
- Apocynum × floribundum Greene (a hybrid of A. androsaemifolium and A. cannabinum) – Canada, United States, northern Mexico
- Apocynum pictum Schrenk – China, Mongolia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan
- Apocynum venetum L. – southeastern Europe and Asia
Flowers of Apocynum cannabinum
Leaves of Apocynum androsaemifolium
References
[edit]- 1 2 3 "Apocynum". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Archived from the original on September 16, 2020.
- 1 2 English Names for Korean Native Plants (PDF). Pocheon: Korea National Arboretum. 2015. p. 517. ISBN 978-89-97450-98-5. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 25 January 2016 – via Korea Forest Service.
- ↑ ἀπόκυνον. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project.
- ↑ "Colorado Plant Database - SPREADING DOGBANE - Apocynum androsaemifolium". www.jeffco.us. Archived from the original on 27 July 2011. Retrieved 2026-04-18.
- ↑ ἀπόκυνον in Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, revised and augmented throughout by Jones, Sir Henry Stuart, with the assistance of McKenzie, Roderick. Oxford: Clarendon Press. In the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University.
- ↑ Dempster, Lauramay T. (1993). "Apocynum". In Hickman, James C. (ed.). The Jepson Manual: Higher Plants of California. University and Jepson Herbaria.
- ↑ Li, Bingtao; Leeuwenberg, Antony J. M.; Middleton, David J. "Apocynum". Flora of China. Vol. 16 – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
- ↑ Kartesz, John T. (2013). "Apocynum". County-level distribution maps from the North American Plant Atlas (NAPA). Biota of North America Program (BONAP).
- ↑ Xiong, Q; Fan, W; Tezuka, Y; Adnyana, IK; Stampoulis, P; Hattori, M; Namba, T; Kadota, S (2000). "Hepatoprotective effect of Apocynum venetum and its active constituents". Planta Med. 66 (2): 127–33. Bibcode:2000PlMed..66..127X. doi:10.1055/s-2000-11135. PMID 10763585. S2CID 25960011.
- ↑ National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine, Cymarine
- ↑ "Apocynum L." Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanical Gardens Kew. Retrieved 17 June 2019.
External links
[edit]
Media related to Apocynum at Wikimedia Commons
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