34 BC

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34 BC in various calendars

Gregorian calendar	34 BC XXXIV BC
Ab urbe condita	720
Ancient Egypt era	XXXIII dynasty, 290
- Pharaoh	Cleopatra VII, 18
Ancient Greek Olympiad (summer)	186th Olympiad, year 3
Assyrian calendar	4717
Balinese saka calendar	N/A
Bengali calendar	−627 – −626
Berber calendar	917
Buddhist calendar	511
Burmese calendar	−671
Byzantine calendar	5475–5476
Chinese calendar	丙戌年 (Fire Dog) 2664 or 2457     — to — 丁亥年 (Fire Pig) 2665 or 2458
Coptic calendar	−317 – −316
Discordian calendar	1133
Ethiopian calendar	−41 – −40
Hebrew calendar	3727–3728
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	23–24
- Shaka Samvat	N/A
- Kali Yuga	3067–3068
Holocene calendar	9967
Iranian calendar	655 BP – 654 BP
Islamic calendar	675 BH – 674 BH
Javanese calendar	N/A
Julian calendar	34 BC XXXIV BC
Korean calendar	2300
Minguo calendar	1945 before ROC 民前1945年
Nanakshahi calendar	−1501
Seleucid era	278/279 AG
Thai solar calendar	509–510
Tibetan calendar	མེ་ཕོ་ཁྱི་ལོ་ (male Fire-Dog) 93 or −288 or −1060     — to — མེ་མོ་ཕག་ལོ་ (female Fire-Boar) 94 or −287 or −1059

Year 34 BC was either a common year starting on Friday, Saturday or Sunday or a leap year starting on Friday or Saturday of the Julian calendar (the sources differ, see leap year error for further information) and a common year starting on Friday of the Proleptic Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Antonius and Libo (or, less frequently, year 720 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 34 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

Events

By place

Roman Republic

• Gaius Julius Caesar Octavian pacifies Dalmatia and Pannonia forming the province of Illyricum, while Antony regains Armenia from Parthia. Octavian reduces the outposts defending the Liburnian town of Promona, sets up siege works and forces its surrender.
• Mark Antony becomes Roman Consul for the second time. His partner is Lucius Scribonius Libo. The latter is replaced with Aemilius Lepidus Paullus during the year.
• Antony advances into Armenia with an expeditionary force (16 legions) and marches to the capital Artaxata. He arrests king Artavasdes II and takes him to Alexandria.
• Autumn – The Donations of Alexandria: Antony distributes the eastern kingdoms as a gift to the children of Cleopatra; he declares Caesarion, Caesar's illegitimate son, as co-ruler of Egypt and Cyprus. Alexander Helios receives Armenia and Media; to Cleopatra Selene II he gives the kingdoms of Cyrenaica and Libya. His youngest son Ptolemy Philadelphus receives the Egyptian possessions in Phoenicia, Syria and Cilicia. Antony establishes Cleopatra as a Hellenistic monarch at Alexandria and gives her the title of "Queen of Kings".