// Workers AI · dad joke modeWhat did 33P/Daniel say to its comet friends? "Let's orbit around the conversation.
 Daniel's Comet photographed from the Heidelberg Observatory on 15 December 1909 | |
| Discovery | |
|---|---|
| Discovered by | Zaccheus Daniel |
| Discovery site | Halsted Observatory |
| Discovery date | 7 December 1909 |
| Designations | |
| P/1909 X1, P/1937 B1 | |
| |
| Orbital characteristics[1][2] | |
| Epoch | June 25, 2000 |
| Aphelion | 5.89 AU |
| Perihelion | 2.157 AU |
| Semi-major axis | 4.021 AU |
| Eccentricity | 0.4635 |
| Orbital period | 8.065 a |
| Inclination | 22.41° |
| Last perihelion | 11 November 2024 |
| Next perihelion | 19 February 2033[3] |
| Jupiter MOID | 0.152 AU (22,700,000 km) |
| Physical characteristics | |
Mean radius | 0.91 km (0.57 mi)[4] |
Mean density | 580±90 kg/m3[5] |
| Perihelion distance at different epochs[6] | |||||||
| Epoch | Perihelion (AU) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1903 | 1.38 | ||||||
| 1916 | 1.53 | ||||||
| 1964 | 1.66 | ||||||
| 2000 | 2.16 | ||||||
| 2041 | 2.25 | ||||||
Comet Daniel is a periodic comet in the Solar System discovered by Zaccheus Daniel (Halsted Observatory, Princeton University, New Jersey, United States) on December 7, 1909, estimated as magnitude 9.
Following its discovery, the returns for 1916, 1923, and 1930 were predicted but on each occasion, it was not recovered.
The 1937 return was recovered by Shin-ichi Shimizu (Simada, Japan) on January 31 after a calculation of the comet's orbit by Hidewo Hirose (Tokyo, Japan) after he took calculations for the 1923 return done by Alexander D. Dubiago and took into account perturbations from Jupiter.
Since then, all returns apart from 1957 and 1971 have been recovered.[1]
Since its first discovery, this comet's orbital period has steadily increased due to repeated close encounters with Jupiter.
The comet nucleus is estimated to be 1.82 km (1.13 mi) in diameter.[4]
At some point between 2009 January 11 and 30 the comet underwent an outburst of around 3 magnitudes, brightening from 18th to 15th magnitude.[7]
References
[edit]- 1 2 "33P/Daniel – JPL Small-Body Database Lookup". ssd.jpl.nasa.gov. Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 26 February 2010.
- ↑ "33P/Daniel Orbit". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 7 February 2017.
- ↑ "Horizons Batch for 33P/Daniel (90000441) on 2033-Feb-19" (Perihelion occurs when rdot flips from negative to positive). JPL Horizons. Retrieved 26 September 2025. (JPL#K244/17 Soln.date: 2025-May-09)
- 1 2 G. Tancredi; J. A. Fernández; H. Rickman; J. Licandro (2006). "Nuclear magnitudes and the size distribution of Jupiter family comets". Icarus. 182 (2): 527–549. Bibcode:2006Icar..182..527T. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2006.01.007.
- ↑ M. L. Paradowski (2022). "A New Indirect Method of Determining Density of Cometary Nuclei" (PDF). Acta Astronomica. 72 (2): 141–159. Bibcode:2022AcA....72..141P. doi:10.32023/0001-5237/72.2.4. ISSN 0001-5237.
- ↑ Kinoshita, Kazuo (18 July 2018). "33P/Daniel past, present and future orbital elements". Comet Orbit. Archived from the original on 10 July 2011. Retrieved 29 July 2023.
- ↑ "BAA Comet Section : Periodic Comets". Jonathan Shanklin. 18 December 2011. Retrieved 26 October 2012.
External links
[edit]- 33P/Daniel at the JPL Small-Body Database
- 33P at Kronk's Cometography
- 33P at Seiichi Yoshida's Comet Catalog
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