Lapathus (Cyprus)
| Lapathus | |
|---|---|
| Λάπαθος, 𐤋𐤐𐤔 | |
.jpg) A coins of ṣdqmlk, King of Lapathus | |
Location within Cyprus | |
| 35°21′19″N 33°11′52″E / 35.355404°N 33.197851°E | |
| Location | Cyprus |
Lapathus,[a] also recorded as Lapethus,[b] Lepethis,[c] and Lapithus,[d] was an ancient Cypriot city-kingdom and town near present-day Lapithos and Karavas. Its origins were Phoenician and Greek.[7][8]
Name
[edit]Due to lack of evidence, researchers had not been sure whether the Phoenician name for the city was LPṬ (with Teth) or LPT (with Taw).[9] Recent findings, such as inscriptions and coins with legends, provide the clear reading LPŠ. The Greek and the Phoenician name record, each in its own way, a phoneme of a language prior to them both.[10]
History
[edit]
Pseudo-Scylax calls it a Phoenician city.[11] Alexander of Ephesus states that Kition and Lapethos were founded by Belos.[12] Strabo mentions that it was founded as a Spartan colony headed by Praxander. He adds that it was situated opposite to the town of Nagidus in Cilicia and possessed a harbour and docks.[2] Nonnus claimed the name derived from an eponymous Lapathus, a follower of Dionysus.[13] It was situated in the north of the island, on a river of the same name and in a district called Lapethia (Λαπηθία, Lapēthía).[14]
.jpg)
The coins of the city from the 5th and 4th centuries BC record rulers of the city, in Phoenician: dmwnks the first, ṣdqmlk, ʾndr... (shorted name), and dmwnks the second. The coins of the first two depicted the head of Athena, and the coins of the last two depicted Athena standing and Heracles.[15]
In the war between Ptolemy and Antigonus, Lapathus and its king Praxippus sided with the latter.[16]
The Delphic Theorodokoi inscription records Lapethos among the Cypriot cities included in the Delphic network of sacred envoys.[17]
The name of the place became synonymous with stupidity.[18]
See also
[edit]Notes
[edit]- ↑ Phoenician: 𐤋𐤐𐤔, romanized: LPŠ;[1] Ancient Greek: Λάπαθος, Lápathos[2]
- ↑ Ancient Greek: Λάπηθος, Lápēthos[3][4]
- ↑ Ancient Greek: Ληπηθίς, Lēpēthís[5]
- ↑ Ancient Greek: Λάπιθος, Lápithos[6]
References
[edit]Citations
[edit]- ↑ Huss (1985), p. 569.
- 1 2 Strabo. Geographica. Vol. xiv. p.682. Page numbers refer to those of Isaac Casaubon's edition.
- ↑ Ptolemy. The Geography. Vol. 5.14.4.
- ↑ Pliny. Naturalis Historia. Book 5.31.
- ↑ Periplus of Pseudo-Scylax, p. 41.
- ↑ Hierocles. Synecdemus.
- ↑ Talbert, Richard, ed. (2000). Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World. Princeton University Press. p. 72. ISBN 978-0-691-03169-9, with accompanying Map-by-Map Directory.
- ↑ Lund University. Digital Atlas of the Roman Empire.
- ↑ Slouschz, Nahoum (1942). Thesaurus of Phoenician Inscriptions (in Hebrew). Dvir. p. 106.
- ↑ Masson, Olivier; Sznycer, Maurice (1972). Recherches sur les Phéniciens à Chypre (in French). Librairie Droz. p. 99.
- ↑ Pseudo Scylax, Periplous, 2.103
- ↑ Stephanus of Byzantium, p.201, 41
- ↑ Nonnus, Dionys. 13.447.
- ↑ Ptolemy. The Geography. Vol. 5.14.5.
- ↑ Masson, Olivier; Sznycer, Maurice (1972). Recherches sur les Phéniciens à Chypre (in French). Librairie Droz. pp. 98–100.
- ↑ Diodorus Siculus. Bibliotheca historica (Historical Library). Vol. 19.59.
- ↑ Delphic Theorodochoi Inscription (BCH45)
- ↑ Suda s.v. Λαπάθιοι.
Bibliography
[edit]- Huss, Werner (1985), Geschichte der Karthager, Munich: C.H. Beck, ISBN 9783406306549. (in German)
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Smith, William, ed. (1854–1857). "Lapathus". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography. London: John Murray.
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