// Workers AI · dad joke modeWhy learn Tiwa language? It's a native tongue.
| Tiwa | |
|---|---|
| Tigua | |
| Geographic distribution | 4 Pueblos throughout New Mexico, Arizona, Ysleta del Sur Pueblo in El Paso, Texas |
| Ethnicity | Tiwa |
| Linguistic classification | Tanoan
|
| Subdivisions | |
| Language codes | |
| Glottolog | tiwa1255 |
Tiwa (/ˈtiːwə/ TEE-wə)[2] (Spanish Tigua, also E-nagh-magh[3]) is tbe Tanoan language of the Tiwa people, a Northern dialect spoken at Taos Pueblo and Picuris Pueblo, and Southern dialect is spoken at Sandia Pueblo, Isleta Pueblo, and Ysleta del Sur Pueblo. Some scholars consider Picuris to have its own dialect, though it is largely mutually intelligible with the Taos dialect. Northern and Southern Tiwa are no longer mutually intelligible, but the Tiwa people still consider their language to be one unified language. The extinct language of Piro Pueblo may also have been a Tiwan language, but this is uncertain.
Subfamily members and relations
[edit]Southern Tiwa is spoken in by around 1,600 people in Isleta Pueblo, Sandia Pueblo, and Ysleta del Sur Pueblo (Tigua Pueblo).
The remaining two languages form a subgrouping known as Northern Tiwa. Northern Tiwa consists of Taos spoken by 800 people in Taos Pueblo and Picuris spoken by around 220 people in Picuris Pueblo. It is not known whether the Piro Pueblo language was Tiwa as well.
History
[edit]Both dialects of the Tiwa language originate from Taos Pueblo.[4] After the Pueblo Revolt against the Spanish conquistadors in 1680, some of the Tigua and Piro peoples fled south with the Spanish to El Paso del Norte (present-day Ciudad Juárez, Mexico). There they founded Ysleta del Sur, Texas; Socorro, Texas; and Senecú del Sur, Mexico.[5] Their descendants continued to live in these communities as late as 1996.[6] Over time, Northern and Southern Tiwa became separate languages and Spanish or Comanche was used as a lingua franca when northern and southern Tiwa people interacted with one another.[7] Today the Tiwa-speaking Pueblos still regard Tiwa as one unified language.[8] and Roman Catholicism. The majority of Indigenous Taos continue to practice their ancient religion.[9]
See also
[edit]Notes
[edit]- ↑ Hickerson, Nancy P. (October 1988). "The Linguistic Position of Jumano". Journal of Anthropological Research. 44 (3): 311–326. doi:10.1086/jar.44.3.3630262. ISSN 0091-7710.
- ↑ Laurie Bauer, 2007, The Linguistics Student’s Handbook, Edinburgh
- ↑ Lane in Schoolcraft, Henry Rowe (1851-1883) Historical and statistical information respecting the history, condition, and prospects of the Indian tribes of the United States; collected and prepared under the direction of the Bureau of Indian Affairs per act of Congress of March 3rd, 1847 Lippincott, Philadelphia, OCLC 6202862
- ↑ Sando, Joe S. and Herman Agoyo, editors, Po'pay: Leader of the First American Revolution, Clear Light Publishing, Santa Fe, New Mexico, 2005
- ↑ Marshall, Michael P. and Walt, Henry J., (1984) "Chapter 11: Pre-Revolt Place Names: Senecú," in Rio Abajo: Prehistory and History of a Rio Grande Province, New Mexico Historic Preservation Division, Santa Fe, p. 252, OCLC 11553460
- ↑ Eickhoff, Randy Lee (1996) Exiled: The Tigua Indians of Ysleta del Sur, Republic of Texas Press, Plano, Texas, ISBN 1-55622-507-5
- ↑ Sando, Joe S. (1998). PUEBLO NATIONS: Eight Centuries of Pueblo Indian History (2nd ed.). Santa Fe, New Mexico: Clear Light Publishers. p. 176 of 297. ISBN 0-940666-17-0.
- ↑ "About Taos Pueblo". Taos Pueblo. 2012. Archived from the original on September 3, 2023. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
- ↑ Cite error: The named reference
natlgeowas invoked but never defined (see the help page).
 | This article related to the Indigenous languages of the Americas is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by adding missing information. |