Hégenheim
Hégenheim | |
|---|---|
 The town hall in Hégenheim | |
.svg) Coat of arms | |
 Location of Hégenheim | |
  Hégenheim Location within France  Hégenheim Location within Grand Est | |
| Coordinates: 47°33′41″N 7°31′37″E / 47.5614°N 7.5269°E | |
| Country | France |
| Region | Grand Est |
| Department | Haut-Rhin |
| Arrondissement | Mulhouse |
| Canton | Saint-Louis |
| Intercommunality | Saint-Louis Agglomération |
| Government | |
| • Mayor (2020–2026) | Thomas Zeller[1] |
Area 1 | 6.7 km2 (2.6 sq mi) |
| Population (2023)[2] | 3,410 |
| • Density | 510/km2 (1,300/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| INSEE/Postal code | 68126 /68220 |
| Elevation | 254–347 m (833–1,138 ft) (avg. 275 m or 902 ft) |
| 1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. | |
Hégenheim (French pronunciation: [eɡənaim] ⓘ; German: Hegenheim; Alsatian: Hagena) is a commune in Haut-Rhin, a department in Alsace in northeastern France. It is adjacent to the Swiss town of Allschwil, and is part of the Basel urban area.
History
[edit]
In Roman important Roman roads crossed the district leading from Porrentruy to Augst and from Binningen to Rixheim. The village was under the control of the Diocese of Basel. The bishops granted the estate to vassals, among them the Baerenfels family in 1482, who kept it until 1700.[3]
Louis XIV handed the domain to Laurent de Barbier, who commanded the fort Saint-Pierre in Freiburg im Breisgau and later directed the construction of the fortress of Huningue. He ended his life in Oleron as commander of the fortress. His sons, Laurent-Amable and Pierre undertook the construction of the castle, which was completed in 1737.[3]
In the 17th century a strong Jewish community was established at the gates of Basel, where they were not tolerated. In 1673, Hannibal of Baerenfels sold the Jews a plot of land to be used as a synagogue, but it was instead used as a cemetery.[4]
Due to restrictive laws in the region (notably in many Swiss cantons), Jews had trouble finding a place to bury their dead, so the cemetery of Hegenheim gained considerable importance. It contains about 8,000 graves. A synagogue was built in 1723, which invading troops burned down in June 1815. It was rebuilt in 1821 and a Jewish care home for the elderly opened in 1874. In 1838, there were 845 Jews living in Hegenheim.[5]
Rising anti-Jewish sentiment came to a head in 1848, the year of revolutions. On April 23, 1848, a quarrel broke out because Hagenthal peasants had sung anti-Jewish songs. In a scuffle, a finger of a non-Jew was cut off. As a result the Jewish National Guard was disarmed by an angry mob, the Jews were attacked and several Jewish houses were stormed and completely devastated. One child was killed. Only the deployment of troops was able to end the riots on April 25.[6]
Climate
[edit]The climate in Hégenheim is an oceanic climate (Cfb under the Köppen climate classification), owing to its mild median temperatures and year-round precipitation. However, significant deviations from seasonal medians occur throughout the year, even without approaching record highs or lows. As a result, periods of severe cold can occur in winter despite relatively mild medians, while summer may experience scorching and dry spells. This variability reflects the village's continental location despite its oceanic climate, its exposure to Central European air masses, and the effects of climate change.
| Climate data for Hégenheim, Alsace, France (medians and extremes 2024-present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 15.5 (59.9) |
21.0 (69.8) |
21.5 (70.7) |
29.3 (84.7) |
34.2 (93.6) |
34.8 (94.6) |
38.8 (101.8) |
36.5 (97.7) |
33.2 (91.8) |
24.6 (76.3) |
18.3 (64.9) |
15.5 (59.9) |
38.8 (101.8) |
| Mean maximum °C (°F) | 13.9 (57.0) |
14.8 (58.6) |
21.0 (69.8) |
26.2 (79.2) |
33.2 (91.8) |
32.1 (89.8) |
37.6 (99.7) |
36.1 (97.0) |
32.7 (90.9) |
23.0 (73.4) |
17.6 (63.7) |
15.0 (59.0) |
37.6 (99.7) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 1.9 (35.4) |
6.0 (42.8) |
8.1 (46.6) |
11.9 (53.4) |
14.6 (58.3) |
19.7 (67.5) |
20.6 (69.1) |
21.4 (70.5) |
15.9 (60.6) |
11.6 (52.9) |
5.9 (42.6) |
3.3 (37.9) |
11.0 (51.8) |
| Mean minimum °C (°F) | −8.3 (17.1) |
−2.5 (27.5) |
−3.5 (25.7) |
−1.6 (29.1) |
3.1 (37.6) |
7.4 (45.3) |
9.8 (49.6) |
9.1 (48.4) |
4.0 (39.2) |
2.8 (37.0) |
−6.5 (20.3) |
−7.5 (18.5) |
−9.5 (14.9) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −10.9 (12.4) |
−5.4 (22.3) |
−4.6 (23.7) |
−2.0 (28.4) |
3.1 (37.6) |
7.3 (45.1) |
8.5 (47.3) |
8.4 (47.1) |
2.2 (36.0) |
1.1 (34.0) |
−8.1 (17.4) |
−9.5 (14.9) |
−10.9 (12.4) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 71 (2.8) |
46 (1.8) |
38 (1.5) |
53 (2.1) |
68 (2.7) |
94 (3.7) |
67 (2.6) |
114 (4.5) |
143 (5.6) |
104 (4.1) |
80 (3.1) |
43 (1.7) |
929 (36.6) |
| Average snowfall cm (inches) | 9.0 (3.5) |
0.5 (0.2) |
trace | trace | trace | 0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
trace | 15.0 (5.9) |
1.0 (0.4) |
9.0 (3.5) |
| Average rainy days | 12 | 9 | 8 | 10 | 11 | 11 | 13 | 7 | 12 | 13 | 11 | 6 | 117 |
| Source: Weather Underground[7] | |||||||||||||
Population
[edit]| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
|---|---|---|
| 1968 | 2,059 | — |
| 1975 | 2,226 | +1.12% |
| 1982 | 2,162 | −0.42% |
| 1990 | 2,310 | +0.83% |
| 1999 | 2,576 | +1.22% |
| 2007 | 3,005 | +1.94% |
| 2012 | 3,265 | +1.67% |
| 2017 | 3,420 | +0.93% |
| 2023 | 3,410 | −0.05% |
| Source: INSEE[8] | ||
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ↑ "Répertoire national des élus: les maires". data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises (in French). 2 December 2020.
- ↑ "Populations de référence 2023" (in French). National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 18 December 2025.
- 1 2 "Hégenheim et environs". Bulletin Annuel du Cercle d'Histoire de Hégenheim et Environs.
- ↑ Kahn, Ludwig (1964). Aus der Geschichte der jüdischen Gemeinden von Hegenheim (Elsass), Kirchen, Müllheim und Sulzburg (Baden) (in German). Basel.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ↑ Rogg, Lea (2007). Regards sur les communautés juives du Sundgau et alentours : XVIIème au XXIème siècle (in German). Heidelberg ; Ubstadt-Weiher ; Weil am Rhein ; Basel: Regionalkultur.
- ↑ Bergmann, Werner (2020). Tumulte – Excesse – Pogrome: Kollektive Gewalt gegen Juden in Europa 1789-1900 (in German). Wallstein. p. 277. ISBN 978-3-8353-3645-2.
- ↑ "Station Hégenheim".
- ↑ Population municipale entre 1968 et 2023, INSEE
External links
[edit]
- Official site
- Travel Index guide (in French)
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| National | |
| Other | |
