List of Wolf–Rayet stars
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Wolf–Rayet stars, often abbreviated as WR stars, are a rare heterogeneous set of stars with unusual spectra showing prominent broad emission lines of ionised helium and highly ionised nitrogen or carbon. The spectra indicate very high surface enhancement of heavy elements, depletion of hydrogen, and strong stellar winds. The surface temperatures of known Wolf–Rayet stars range from 20,000 K to around 210,000 K, hotter than almost all other kinds of stars. They were previously called W-type stars referring to their spectral classification at that time.
This is a list of Wolf-Rayet stars, in order of their distance from Earth[1][2]
List
[edit]Milky Way Galaxy
[edit]| Star system | Star Image | Median distance (ly) | Spectral type | Apparent magnitude (V) | Comments and references |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gamma² Velorum A (WR 11/Regor) | .jpg) | 1096+26 −23 | WC8 | 1.83 | Closest Wolf-Rayet star to Earth. It has an O-type companion star. |
| WR 147 A | 2,100 ± 200 | WN8h | 13.86 + 16.02 | Has a B-type companion star. | |
| HD 45166 A | 3,232 | qWR | 9.88 | The primary of HD 45166 is currently the only known example of a qWR star and has a B-type companion star. | |
| HD 107969 |  | 3,377.2±153.6 | WC | Center star of NGC 4361 Nebula. | |
| WR 142 |  | 4,000 | WO2 | 12.94 | |
| HD 326823 (V1104 Scorpii) | 4,142 | WNpec | 9.03 | ||
| HD 151932 (WR 78) | 4,200 | WN7h | 6.45 - 6.61 | ||
| EZ Canis Majoris (WR 6) |  | 4,900 | WN4-s | 6.91 | |
| WR 144 | 5,120 | WC4 | |||
| WR 111 (HD 165763) | 5,316+320 −230 | WC5 | +7.82 | ||
| WR 140 A (SBC9 1232) |  | 5,600 ± 300 | WC7p | 6.85 | |
| HD 152408 (WR 79a) |  | 5,600 | WN9ha | 5.81-5.85 | |
| WR 93 | 5,900 | WC7 | |||
| WR 134 |  | 6,000 | WN6-s | 8.08 | |
| WR 135 | 6,000 | WC8 | 8.11 | ||
| WR 133 A (V1676 Cyg) | 6,100 ± 300 | WN5o | 6.75 - 6.84 | ||
| HD 152408 (WR 79a) | 6,500 | WN9ha | 5.81-5.85 | ||
| WR 25 A (HD 93162) |  | 6,500 | O2.5If*/WN6 | 8.80 | |
| Apep (WR 70-16) | .jpg) | 6523+400 −300 | WR + WR | ||
| CV Serpentis (WR 113) | 6,700 ± 200 | WC8d | 9.08 | ||
| WR 136 (HD 192163) |  | 6,700 ± 500 | WN6(h)-s | 7.50 | |
| WR 86 | 6849 ± 800 | WR | 9.27 | ||
| HD 192641 (WR 137)[3] |  | 6850+600 −500 |
WC7pd+O9Ve | ||
| WR 114 | 7,200 ± 600 | WC5 | 12.02 | ||
| HD 83535 |  | 7,270 | WC3 | Central star of NGC 2867 Nebula. | |
| Theta Muscae (WR 48) | 7,400 | WC5/6 | 5.53 | ||
| WR 93b |  | 7,600 ± 500 | WO3 | 15.2 | |
| PG 1159 | 8,000 | WC | Central star of Engraved Hourglass Nebula. | ||
| WR 2 (HD 6327) | 8,186 | WN2-w | 11.33 | ||
| WR 22 (V429 Carinae) |  | 8,300 ± 700 | WN7h | 6.42 | |
| WR 104 (V5097 Sgr) |  | 8,400 | WC9d | 13.28 + 15.36 | |
| AG Pegasi | 9,000 | WR | 6.0 - 9.4 | ||
| WR 8 | WR | ||||
| WR 46 (DI Crucis) | 9,300 ± 900 | WN3p-w | 10.83 | ||
| WR 3 (HD 9974) | 9,458+520 −390 | WN3-hw | 10.69 | ||
| WR 128 | 9,500 | WN4(h)-w | 10.51 | ||
| WR 102 | 9,500 ± 600 | WO2 | 14.10 | ||
| WR 138 | 10,000 | WR | |||
| WR 120 | 10,000 | WN7w + WN3/4 | 11.93 | ||
| WR 119 | 10,500 | WC9d | 12.06 | ||
| WR 1 (V863 Cas/HD 4004) | 10,500 ± 500 | WN4-s | 10.54 | ||
| WR 112[3] |  |
11050+2900 −2750 |
WC8-9d+OB | ||
| WR 157 | 11285.01 | WN4.5 | Member of Markarian 50 Cluster. | ||
| WR 69 | 11,350 | WC9d | 9.1 | ||
| WR 156 | 11,900 ± 500 | WN8h | 11.01 | ||
| WR 9 | 12,000 ± 600 | WC4 | 10.50 | ||
| WR 48a[3] |  |
12,400 ± 2000 | WC8d+Oe | ||
| WR 142a | 13,000 | WR | |||
| WR 21a |  | 13,100 ± 700 | O3/WN5ha + O3Vz((f*)) | 12.661 | |
| WR 138a | 13,698 | WN9h | 15.44 | ||
| HD 16523 (WR 4/V493 Per) | 14,000 | WC6 | 9.99 | ||
| CD Crucis (WR 47) | 14,000 | WN6o | 10.81 | ||
| WR 120–6 | WN4 | It is the central star of Abell 48 Planetary Nebula. | |||
| WR 24 (HD 93131) |  | WN6ha-w | 6.48 - 6.50 | ||
| WR 20a |  | 14,000 ± 1,000 | O3If*/WN6 + O3If*/WN6 | 13.28 | |
| NGC 2452 Central Star | 15,000 | WO1 | Central star of NGC 2452. | ||
| WR 142b | 15,000 | WR | |||
| WR 7 (HD 56925) | .jpg) | 16,000 | WN4-s | 11.56 | |
| M4-18 Central star | 17055+670 −440 | WC11 | Central star of M4-18. | ||
| AG Carinae | .jpg) | 17,000 ± 1,000 | WN11 | 6.96 | |
| WR 12 (V378 Velorum) | 19,000 ± 1,000 | WN8h | 10.78 | ||
| MR 93 (WR 125)[3] | | 19200+2350 −1900 |
WC7d+O9III | ||
| OAO 1657-415 | 20,000 | Ofpe/WN9 | >23 | ||
| WR 124 (QR Sagittae) |  | 21,000 ± 2,000 | WN8h | 11.50±0.11 | |
| WR 30a |  | 21,917+1,400 −1,090 | WO4 | ||
| WR 121-16 | 23,190 | WN7o/WC | 14.02 | ||
| Cygnus X-3 (WR 145a/V1521 Cyg) | 24,135±1,100 | WN 4–6 | |||
| NGC 3603-A1 (WR 43a/HD 97950A1) |  | 24,800 | WN6h+WN6h | 11.18 | Part of NGC 3603 Nebula. |
| NGC 3603-B (WR 43b/HD 97950B) | WN6h | 11.33 | |||
| NGC 3603-C (WR 43c/HD 97950C) | WN6h | 11.89 | |||
| NGC 3603 MTT 58 (WR 43-2) | O2If*/WN6 | ||||
| Arches-B1 (WR 102bc) |  | 25,000 | WN8-9h | Part of Arches Cluster. | |
| Arches-F1 (WR 102ad) | WN8-9h | ||||
| Arches-F2 (WR 102aa) | WN8–9h
O5–6 Ia+ || | ||||
| Arches-F3 (WR 102bb) | WN8-9h | ||||
| Arches-F4 (WR 102al) | WN7–8h | ||||
| Arches-F5 (WR 102ai) | WN8-9h | ||||
| Arches-F6 (WR 102ah) | WN8-9h | ||||
| Arches-F7 (WR 102aj) | WN8-9h | ||||
| Arches-F8 (WR 102ag) | WN8-9h | ||||
| Arches-F9 (WR 102ae) | WN8-9h | ||||
| Arches-F10 (WR 102ab) | O7–8 Ia+ | ||||
| Arches-F12 (WR 102af) | WN7–8h | ||||
| Arches-F14 (WR 102ba) | WN8-9h | ||||
| Arches-F16 (WR 102ak) | WN8-9h | ||||
| Arches-F17 (WR 102ac) | O5–6 Ia+ | ||||
| WR 42e (2MASS J11144550-115001) | O3If*/WN6 | 14.53 | |||
| G0.059-0.068 | 26,000 | B0-1Ia+/WNLh | |||
| G0.238-0.071 | WN11h | Present in the Galactic Center region of Milky Way. | |||
| WR 102ka (Peony Star) |  | 26,000 | Ofpe/WN9 | ||
| WR 102c |  | WN6 | 11.6 | Part of Quintuplet cluster. | |
| WR 102ea | WN9h | 8.8 | |||
| WR 102da | WC9?d | ||||
| WR 102dc | WC9d + OB | ||||
| WR 102ha | WC8/9d + OB | ||||
| WR 102dd | WC9d | ||||
| WR 102hb | WN9h | ||||
| WR 102db | WC9?d | ||||
| WR 102f | WC8 | ||||
| WR 102df | O6–8 I f (Of/WN?) | ||||
| WR 102i | WN9h | ||||
| WR 102d | WN9h | ||||
| LHO 79 | WC9d | ||||
| GCIRS 13E (WR 101f) | 26,000 | WR | Located near Galactic Center. | ||
| GCIRS 16SW | Ofpe/WN9 | Located near Galactic Center. | |||
| WR 101-2 (CXOGC J174516.1-284909) | 26,092 | Ofpe/WN9 | |||
| WR 148 | 27,000 | WN8h + O5V? | 10.3 | ||
| WR 31a (Hen 3-519) |  | 28,000 | WN11h | 10.85 | |
| WR 102e | WR | ||||
| WR 150 | 28,473+1,700 −1,380 | WC5 | 13.47 | ||
| HD 826 |  | 30,000 | WC8 | Center Star of NGC 40 Nebula. | |
| WR 102b | 31,000 | WR | |||
| Mercer 30-1 A (WR 46-3 A) | 40,000 | WR | |||
| Mercer 30-7 A | WR | ||||
Magellanic Clouds
[edit]The Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) is around 163 kly distant and the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) is around 204 kly distant.
| Host galaxy | Star system | Median distance (ly) | Spectral type | Apparent magnitude (V) | Comments and references |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LMC | LMC195-1 | 160,000 | WO2 | 15.15 | |
| LH 41-1042 | WO4 | 13.95 | |||
| R145 (HD 269928) | 163,000 | WN6h + O3.5If*/WN7 | 12.04 | ||
| HD 38282 (BAT99-118/Brey 89) | WN5-6h + WN6-7h | 11.11 | |||
| BAT99-7 | WN4b | 13.81 | |||
| BAT99-59 | WR | Central star of NGC 2020. | |||
| BAT99-123 (Brey 93) | WO3 | 15.204 | |||
| Melnick 34 (BAT99-116) | WN5h + WN5h | 13.09 | |||
| R136a1 (RMC 136a1) | WN5h | 12.23 | |||
| R136a2 (RMC 136a2) | WN5h | 12.34 | |||
| R136a3 | WN5h | 12.97 | |||
| R136c | WN5h | 12.86 | |||
| R71 (HD 269006) | 164,000 | WR | 8.7 - 9.9 - 11.2 | ||
| VFTS 457 | O3.5If*/WN7 | ||||
| VFTS 482 | O3If*/WN6-A | ||||
| VFTS 545 | O2If*/WN5 | ||||
| VFTS 682 | WN5h | 16.08 | |||
| VFTS 1022 | O3.5If*/WN7 | ||||
| R134 | WR | ||||
| R146 | WN4 | ||||
| BAT99-98 | 165,000 | WN6 | 13.38 | ||
| R99 | Ofpe/WN10 | 11.46 | |||
| SMC | SMC AB7 | 197,000 | WN4 | 13.016 | |
| SMC AB8 | WO4 | 12.83 | |||
| HD 5980 | 200,000 | WN4 | 8.8 - 11.9 | ||
Andromeda Galaxy and Triangulum Galaxy
[edit]The Andromeda Galaxy (M31) is 2.5 Mly distant and the Triangulum Galaxy is around 3.2 Mly distant
| Host galaxy | Star system | Median distance (ly) | Spectral type | Apparent magnitude (V) | Comments and references |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Triangulum | [BMS2003] 867 | 2,700,000 | O4Iab+O4Ia | ||
| Romano's Star | WN8h–WN11h | 16.5–18.8 | |||
Other galaxies
[edit]| Host Galaxy | Star system | Median distance (ly) | Spectral type | Apparent magnitude (V) | Comments and references |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NGC 6822 | NGC 6822-WR 12 (LGGS J194513.50-144512.9) | 1,540,000 | WN4 | 18.96 | |
| IC 1613 | DR1 (CAIRNS J010501.61+020420.6) | 2,350,000 | WO3 | 19.857 | [4] |
| IC 10 | IC 10 X-1 A | 2,500,000 ± 0.5 | WR | Has a black hole companion. | |
| NGC 300 | NGC 300 X-1 A | 6,070,000 ± 0.23 | WR | Has a black hole companion. | |
| NGC 300 | STWR 13 | 6,070,000 ± 0.23 | WO4 | ||
| NGC 1313 | [HC2007] 31 | 12,886,000 | WO3 | ||
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ↑ Barry, Don C. (January 1970), "Spectral Classification of a and F Stars", Astrophysical Journal Supplement, 19: 281, Bibcode:1970ApJS...19..281B, doi:10.1086/190209.
- ↑ Frost, E. B. (December 1924), "Fourteen spectroscopic binaries", Astrophysical Journal, 60: 319–320, Bibcode:1924ApJ....60..319F, doi:10.1086/142868.
- 1 2 3 4 Richardson, Noel D.; Henson, Micaela; Lieb, Emma P.; Kehl, Corey; Lau, Ryan M.; Williams, Peredur M.; Corcoran, Michael F.; Callingham, J. R.; Chené, André-Nicolas; Gull, Theodore R.; Hamaguchi, Kenji; Han, Yinuo; Hankins, Matthew J.; Hill, Grant M.; Hoffman, Jennifer L. (2025-07-07). "Carbon-rich dust injected into the interstellar medium by Galactic WC binaries survives for hundreds of years". The Astrophysical Journal. 987 (160): 160. arXiv:2505.11616. Bibcode:2025ApJ...987..160R. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/addf30.
- ↑ Tramper, F.; Gräfener, G.; Hartoog, O. E.; Sana, H.; de Koter, A.; Vink, J. S.; Ellerbroek, L. E.; Langer, N.; Garcia, M.; Kaper, L.; de Mink, S. E. (2013). "On the nature of WO stars: a quantitative analysis of the WO3 star DR1 in IC 1613". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 559: A72. arXiv:1310.2849. Bibcode:2013A&A...559A..72T. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201322155. ISSN 0004-6361.
