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Water Industry Act 1991

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Water Industry Act 1991[a]
Act of Parliament
coat of arms
Parliament of the United Kingdom
Long titleAn Act to consolidate enactments relating to the supply of water and the provision of sewerage services, with amendments to give effect to recommendations of the Law Commission.
Citation1991 c. 56
Territorial extent England and Wales[b]
Dates
Royal assent25 July 1991
Commencement1 December 1991[c]
Other legislation
Amended by
List
Relates to
Status: Amended
Text of statute as originally enacted
Revised text of statute as amended
Text of the Water Industry Act 1991 as in force today (including any amendments) within the United Kingdom, from legislation.gov.uk.

The Water Industry Act 1991 (c. 56) is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom consolidating previous enactments relating to the water supply and the provision of wastewater services in England and Wales.[1] It also implemented recommendations made by the Law Commission.[2]

The enactments consolidated by the act were repealed by section 3 of, and schedule 3 to, the Water Consolidation (Consequential Provisions) Act 1991.[3]

Provisions

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The act is divided into eight parts and a further 15 schedules are attached.

Sections

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  • Part 1 deals with the appointment and duties of the Director General of Water Services.
  • Part 2 deals with appointment and regulation of Undertakers, the private sector water companies responsible for maintaining the water supply system in the United Kingdom.
  • Part 3 deals with the duties of the water companies with respect to water supply in England and Wales,
  • Part 4 deals with the duties of the water companies with respect to sewerage.
  • Part 5 deals with the financial provisions for operating the system
  • Part 6 gives the water companies certain powers in order to discharge their duties.
  • Part 7 deals with the provision of information to interested parties
  • Part 8 deals with miscellaneous details such as limiting the right to prosecute water companies in respect of sewerage offences.

Schedules

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The act includes 15 schedules, which include:

  • Schedule 4, dealing with "customer service committees";[4] this schedule was repealed by the Water Act 2003.[5]
  • Schedule 5, dealing with water pressure and constancy of supply;
  • Schedule 6 on Rights of Entry; and
  • Schedule 14 on mineral rights.

Part 2: Water undertakers

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As of 1 April 2005 the full list of undertakers was:[6]

Water only undertakers were:

Part 3 Water supply

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Part 3 imposes a duty to maintain an efficient and economical water supply system and prescribes minimum standards of performance in connection with water supply.

Standards of wholesomeness

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Clause 67 of the act allows the Secretary of State to proscribe Standards of wholesomeness for water; prescribing the purposes for which the water is to be suitable; substances that are to be present or absent and the concentrations.

Part 4 Sewerage services

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Part 4 deals with sewers.

Sewer adoption

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Under section 104 a developer can build sewers and agree that the water company will adopt them later.[7]

Notes

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  1. ↑ Section 223(1).
  2. ↑ Section 223(3).
  3. ↑ Section 223(2).

References

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  1. ↑ Water Industry Act 1991 (c. 56): HMSO
  2. ↑ Law Commission Report Cm 1483
  3. ↑ "Water Consolidation (Consequential Provisions) Act 1991", legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives, 1991 c. 60
  4. ↑ UK Legislation, Water Industry Act 1991: Schedule 4 as enacted
  5. ↑ UK Legislation, Water Industry Act 1991: Schedule 4 (latest available version)
  6. ↑ Ofwat, Ofwat: Water companies' contact details
  7. ↑ Severn Trent Water, What is the difference between a S104 sewer adoption agreement and adoption under a S102?, published on 25 July 2017, accessed on 14 August 2025
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