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// Workers AI · dad joke modeWhy join Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist–Leninist? It's a class act.

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from TKP/ML)

Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist–Leninist
Türkiye Komünist Partisi/Marksist-Leninist
General Secretary
  1. İbrahim Kaypakkaya
  2. Süleyman Cihan
  3. Kazım Çelik
  4. Mehmet Demirdağ
  5. Unknown (present)
Founderİbrahim Kaypakkaya
FoundedApril 24, 1972; 54 years ago (1972-04-24)
Split fromTİİKP
Newspaper
  • Communist
  • Liberation of the Workers and Peasants
Youth wingTMLGB
Armed wingTİKKO
IdeologyCommunism
Marxism–Leninism–Maoism
Political positionFar-left
National affiliationHBDH[1][2] (formerly)
International affiliationIFB
ICL[3]
RIM （formerly）
Party flag
Website
www.tkpml6.net

The Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist–Leninist (Turkish:Türkiye Komünist Partisi/Marksist-Leninist , abbreviated as TKP/ML) is a Marxist–Leninist–Maoist insurgent organization in Turkey involved in the Maoist military strategy of people's war against the Turkish government. It was founded in 1972 by a group of former members of the Revolutionary Workers and Peasants Party of Turkey (RWPPT), organised by İbrahim Kaypakkaya as TKP (M-L), who wished to carry out armed struggle.

The TKP/ML participated in the International Conference of Marxist-Leninist Parties and Organizations. It is designated as a terrorist organization by the Turkish state.

Organisation

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TİKKO
Türkiye İşçi Köylü Kurtuluş Ordusu
Leader
TİKKO General Command (collective leadership tied to Party)
Active regionsTurkey, Rojava
IdeologyCommunism
Marxism–Leninism-Maoism
Part ofCommunist Party of Turkey/Marxist–Leninist
Warsthe Political violence in Turkey (1976–80), Maoist insurgency in Turkey, Syrian Civil War

The armed wing of the party is named the Liberation Army of the Workers and Peasants of Turkey (Turkish:Türkiye İşci ve Köylü Kurtuluş Ordusu, abbreviated as TİKKO).

The Marxist-Leninist Youth Union of Turkey (Turkish:Türkiye Marksist Leninist Gençlik Birliği, abbreviated as TMLGB) is the youth organization of TKP/ML. TMLGB, founded in 1972 as an organisation for youth workers, peasants, students and other youths from different production sectors under the Istanbul Province Committee. Mehmet Zeki Şerit (died in 1977 under torture) was the first chair of the TMLGB. TMLGB did not work actively until its first congress in 1987.

History

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Following the military memorandum of 1971 the Turkish government cracked down on the communist movement in Turkey. Kaypakkaya and several of his colleagues were arrested. The party machinery was destroyed, while Kaypakkaya died in prison in 1973 as a result of torture.

The Communist Party of Turkey (Marxist–Leninist) re-organized between 1973 and 1978. The first party congress took place in 1978 (TKP (M-L) I. Kongresi in Turkish). In 1981 the second congress was organized (TKP (M-L) II. Kongresi). The party split following the second congress, the splinter group taking up the name TKP/ML (Bolşevik), later Bolshevik Party (North Kurdistan-Turkey).

This was neither the first nor the last split in the party. The Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist–Leninist – Hareketi had already split in (1976) during the re-organisation period. Other splits followed the second congress: Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist-Leninist (Revolutionary Partisan) (1987), Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist-Leninist (Maoist Party Centre) (1987) and Communist Party of Turkey (Marxist-Leninist) (1994).

Activities

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TKP/ML banner during 1 May demonstration in Berlin (2005)

On 17 May 1985, TKP/ML broadcast a propaganda message to millions of television viewers in Istanbul, replacing the soundtrack for the evening news.[4]

On 29 June 2010, two guerillas of the TİKKO were killed in the mountains of Tunceli by the Turkish state forces.

On 2 February 2011, five guerillas of TİKKO in Tunceli died as a result of an avalanche.[5][6]

On 26 July 2013, the control building of a hydroelectric power plant regulator was bombed in the countryside of Tunceli Province by TİKKO militants.[7]

On 14 March 2014, TİKKO guerrillas attacked a police station in Tunceli. TKP/ML declared that the attack was revenge for death of Berkin Elvan.[8][9]

In 2016, the organization allegedly kidnapped Erkan Doğan, a civilian, who was later found executed.[10]

The Rojava revolution and Syrian Civil War

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In 2014, the organization sent a group of fighters to support the People's Defense Units (YPG) in the Siege of Kobanî and fight against ISIS during the Syrian civil war, since then the group has actively trained and supported the Rojava revolution in the fight against the extremist groups.[11][better source needed]

TKP/ML-TİKKO were a founding and composite member of the International Freedom Battalion,[12] often working with non-aligned international fighters, such as Lorenzo Orsetti.[13][14] The well known TİKKO and International Freedom Battalion commander Nubar Ozanyan died in combat in August of 2017 during the Battle of Raqqa at 61 years old.[15] Three years later in 2019, on the anniversary of the Assyrian Genocide, an Assyrian unit within SDF, the Martyr Nubar Ozanyan Brigade, was formed and named in memory of Ozanyan.[16]

On 25 March 2016, the organization's headquarters in Serêkaniyê were targeted by a motorcycle bomb in an attack by ISIS, causing slight injuries to two members and damage to the headquarters.[17][18]

Designation as a terrorist organisation

[edit]

The organisation is listed among the 12 active terrorist organisations in Turkey as of 2007, according to the Counter-Terrorism and Operations Department of the Directorate General for Security of the Turkish police.[19]

Notable members

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See also

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References

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  1. ↑ "Peoples' United Revolutionary Movement established for a joint struggle". Firat News Agency. 1 March 2016. Archived from the original on 14 March 2016. Retrieved 14 March 2016.
  2. ↑ "STATEMENT OF OUR PARTY, COMMUNIST PARTY OF TURKEY-MARXIST-LENINIST (TKP-ML) … | İşçi Köylü Kurtuluşu". tkpml.com. Archived from the original on 21 March 2004. Retrieved 29 August 2019.
  3. ↑ "ENTERNASYONAL KOMÜNİST BİRLİK KURULDU". 3 January 2023. Archived from the original on 16 January 2023. Retrieved 16 January 2023.
  4. ↑ A World to Win Magazine, 1985, "TKP/ML seizes the airwaves 8PM News Break"
  5. ↑ "To the Press and the Public: 5 martyrs of TKP/ML-TIKKO died in Tunceli" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 28 November 2013.
  6. ↑ Mike Ely. "Turkey: Five Communist Fighters Killed in Avalanche". Kasama Project. Archived from the original on 13 October 2014. Retrieved 5 February 2015.
  7. ↑ "Hydroelectric Plant Regulator Bombed in Dersim – english". Bianet – Bagimsiz Iletisim Agi. Archived from the original on 12 October 2014. Retrieved 5 February 2015.
  8. ↑ "Retaliatory Action For Berkin Elvan From TIKKO". bestanuce1.com. Archived from the original on 9 January 2015. Retrieved 5 February 2015.
  9. ↑ Özgür Gelecek. "Gerilladan Berkin Elvan için misilleme eylemi". Archived from the original on 12 October 2014. Retrieved 5 February 2015.
  10. ↑ "Tunceli'de TKP/ML TİKKO'lu teröristler, kaçırdıkları Erkan Doğan'ı öldürdü – Son dakika haberleri". 22 July 2016. Archived from the original on 20 December 2018. Retrieved 20 December 2018.
  11. ↑ Foreign Volunteers for the Syrian Kurdish Forces (PDF) (Report). Atlanta: Carter Center. 27 February 2017. pp. 2–3. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 April 2020. Retrieved 30 November 2022.
  12. ↑ "The Secular Foreign Fighters of the West in Syria". Insight Turkey. 20 July 2018. Archived from the original on 5 March 2026.
  13. ↑ Gilbert, Rosa (19 March 2019). "Lorenzo Orsetti: a modern-day partisan". Morning Star. Archived from the original on 18 July 2019. Retrieved 27 July 2026.
  14. ↑ "YPG: Internationalist fighter from Italy martyred in Baghouz". ANF News. Archived from the original on 20 March 2019. Retrieved 27 July 2026.
  15. ↑ "TKP/ML-TİKKO Commander in Rojava falls a martyr". ANF News. Retrieved 27 July 2026.
  16. ↑ "Nubar Ozanyan Armenian Brigade declared". ANF News. Archived from the original on 25 April 2019. Retrieved 27 July 2026.
  17. ↑ "Islamic State bomb attack against Serêkaniyê HQ of TKP-ML-TIKKO". Signalfire. 28 March 2016. Archived from the original on 29 August 2019. Retrieved 28 March 2016.
  18. ↑ "TKP-ML TİKKO'ya yönelik bombalı saldırı" [Bomb attack targeting TKP-ML TİKKO]. Hawar Haber Ajansı (in Turkish). 26 March 2016. Archived from the original on 14 September 2016. Retrieved 7 September 2016.
  19. ↑ "Terörle Mücadele ve Harekat Dairesi Başkanlığı" [THE MAIN TERRORIST ORGANIZATIONS CURRENTLY OPERATING IN TURKEY]. www.egm.gov.tr. Archived from the original on 14 January 2013. Retrieved 27 July 2026.
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