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Liga 2 (Peru)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Segunda Division Peruana)
Liga 2 de Fútbol Profesional
Organising bodyFPF
Founded1943; 83 years ago (1943)
First season1943
CountryPeru
ConfederationCONMEBOL
Number of clubs18
Level on pyramid2
Promotion to Liga 1
Relegation to Liga 3
Domestic cupCopa de la Liga
Current championsCajamarca
(2025)
Most championshipsCarlos Concha
Ciclista Lima
Deportivo Municipal
Guardia Republicana
Mariscal Sucre
Sport Boys
Unión Callao
Unión Huaral (3 titles each)
Current: 2026 season

The Liga 2 de Fútbol Profesional (English: "League 2 of Professional Football"), known as Liga 2, and Liga 2 Caja Cusco for sponsorship reasons, is the second-highest division in the Peruvian football league system. Founded in 1943 as the Segunda División, it is a professional and promotional division organized by the Peruvian Football Federation. Since 2026, it has been contested by 18 teams, with promotion to the Liga 1, and relegation to the Liga 3.

History

[edit]

The Peruvian Segunda División was the second division of Peruvian football from 1912 to 1925. It allowed promotion to the Primera Division for the starting seasons and was not a professional tournament. In the inaugural 1912 season, the First and Second Division were put together with 8 teams each. It was dissolved in 1925 after the Peruvian Football Federation was formed. The tournament was restarted in 1926, under the organization of the FPF, with the name of "Intermediate Tournament", the first champion was Association Alianza, after that in 1935 the championship was renamed "Ascenso División de Honor" where it granted promotion to teams from Lima and Callao. It would later be replaced by the current Segunda Division, now known as the Liga 2, in 1936. Despite being founded in 1936, the league did not have its first season up until 1943, where Atlético Telmo Carbajo won the tournament.

For decades after it was first formed in 1943, only clubs from the Department of Lima participated in the annual tournament where the winner gets promoted to the Copa Perú. From 1988 to 1990, the winner got promoted to the Torneo Metropolitano Regional. It was not until 1992 when Peruvian football federation expanded the tournament to other regions, expanding it to the Ica and Callao.

From 1993 to 1997 the winner was promoted directly to the Primera División. From 1998 it was established that the champion of this tournament would play a revalidation match with the team that finished second to last in the decentralized championship of the same year. In 2002, following the FPF's policy of increasing the number of teams in the first division, the champion of this tournament was immediately promoted. In 2004 and 2005 the format changed, establishing that the champion and runner-up of the second division would be integrated into Region 4 of the Copa Perú.

In 2006, the Second Division was moved up to the second tier once again, where the winner gets promotion to the First Division. As a result, the Copa Peru was moved down to the third tier. It was only in 2006 that it was decided to decentralize this tournament (until then reserved for teams from Lima and Callao), the championship began to be played with teams from different departments of Peru that obtained the category. However, despite the decentralist spirit of this measure, some articles were established in the regulations that obliged teams of a certain distance from Lima to pay the tickets of rival teams. It should be said that with this, the duality of promotion to the First Division occurred because the Copa Perú, the traditional amateur football tournament, was also of a national nature, a situation that does not happen in any country worldwide and where it was seen that the Second Division should remain as the only way to promotion to the First Division. However, while it was nominally Second Professional, it was officially promotional.

In 2019, the Peruvian Football Federation announced the creation of the Liga 3, which replaced the Copa Peru as the third tier, moving the Copa Peru down to the fourth tier in 2024. Relegation from the Liga 2 was since changed to the Liga 3. In 2026, with the creation of the Copa de la Liga, teams from the Liga 2 compete alongside teams from the Liga 1 for the domestic cup competition.[1]

Division levels

[edit]
Year Level Promotion to Relegation to
1943–1950
2
Primera DivisiónLiga Regional de Lima y Callao
1951–1955
2
Primera DivisiónLiga Provincial de Lima
Liga Provincial del Callao
1956–1972
2
Primera DivisiónLiga Provincial de Lima
Liga Provincial del Callao
Liga de los Balnearios del Sur
1983
2
(None)[note 1]Copa Perú
Ligas Departamentales
Ligas Provinciales
Ligas Distritales
1984–1987
3
División Intermedia[note 2]
1988–1990
2
Primera División
1991
2
Torneo Zonal[note 3]
1992–2003
2
Primera División
2004–2005
2
Copa Perú (National stage)[note 4]
2006–2018
2
Primera División
2019–2023
2
Liga 1
2024–present
2
Liga 1Liga 3

Competition format and sponsorship

[edit]
Logo for ADFP Segunda División until 2019

Since 2006, the winner of the tournament is promoted to the First Division, while the last two teams are relegated from the tournament to the Departamental Stage of the Copa Perú. Their places are taken by the two relegated clubs from the First Division, and the team that finishes second place in the Copa Perú. From 2018 to 2023, the Liga 2 would adopt a new format, where the top ranking team throughout the whole season would win the tournament and be automatically promoted, and the next six teams compete in a bracket Ligiulla stage, with the winner also being promoted.

After the expansion to 18 for the 2024 season, the format was changed to multiple stages. The first stage known as the Regional Stage would split the 18 teams into two groups of nine, called the Zona Norte and Zona Sur, based in the north and the south. The top six of each zone would advance to the Group Stage and bottom three into the Relegation Group. In the Group Stage, the 12 teams will be split into two groups of six with the top three teams advance to the Ligiulla stage, with the top team of each group in the semi-finals and rest in quarter-finals. The finalists of the Ligiulla stage will be promoted to the first division and the winners winning the league. In the relegation group, each team will play in a round-robin format. The lowest ranked team of each group gets relegated to the newly created Liga 3.[2]

Number of clubs in Segunda División throughout the years
Period (in years) No. of clubs
1943 4 clubs
1944 5 clubs
1945 6 clubs
1946–1947 8 clubs
1948 7 clubs
1949–1950 8 clubs
1951–1969 10 clubs
1970 11 clubs
1971 10 clubs
1972 11 clubs
1983 14 clubs
1984 12 clubs
1985 9 clubs
1986–1987 20 clubs
Number of clubs in Segunda División throughout the years
Period (in years) No. of clubs
1988 22 clubs
1989–1990 20 clubs
1991 18 clubs
1992–1996 12 clubs
1997 14 clubs
1998 11 clubs
1999 12 clubs
2000 13 clubs
2001–2002 16 clubs
2003 13 clubs
2004–2006 12 clubs
2007 11 clubs
2008 10 clubs
2009 12 clubs
Number of clubs in Segunda División throughout the years
Period (in years) No. of clubs
2010–2012 10 clubs
2013 14 clubs
2014 16 clubs
2015 12 clubs
2016 16 clubs
2017–2018 15 clubs
2019 12 clubs
2020 10 clubs
2021 12 clubs
2022 13 clubs
2023 14 clubs
2024 16 clubs
2025 15 clubs
2026 18 clubs

Sponsorship

[edit]

The Peruvian Second Division currently is sponsored by Caja Cusco. Movistar's Gol Perú has exclusive broadcasting rights. L1MAX, Nativa TV and FPF Play also broadcast the tournament.

Criticisms

[edit]

The Segunda División has received numerous criticisms, chiefly due to the lack of stability in the process of competition and promotion, and the lack of professionalism.[3]

Team count

[edit]

The Segunda División has changed the number of teams that operate in the league several times. Over the course of 74 years, the Segunda has had as few as four teams and as many as 16. The early Segunda División were played with an average number of teams ranging from 4 to 10. Prior to the current 12-club Segunda División, during the 2000s, the team count continued to fluctuate between 10, 12, 14, 16 and even a surprising 13. For example, 12 teams competed in 2009, 10 competed in 2008, 11 competed in 2007, and 12 teams competed from 2004 to 2006. The over-all goal of the organization is to have a stable league of 16 teams. It would be expanded to 18 in 2024.

Artificial turf

[edit]

Several stadiums used in the second division have artificial grass installed for the so-called massification of sport.[4] Most stadiums in Peru are owned by the IPD (Instituto Peruano del Deporte), which is the state group responsible for supporting the use of artificial turf. This has been severely criticized by top division teams and the media. At first, these artificial turfs were installed for the 2005 FIFA U-17 World Cup; however, more artificial turf was installed in other stadiums after the U-17 World Cup concluded.[5] These turfs are criticized for having a negative influence on the game and for the injuries which they cause to players.

Clubs

[edit]

Currently, 18 clubs participate in Liga 2. There are currently no teams from the Lima Metropolitan area with all clubs representing cities from the country's interior. The number of clubs has fluctuated season by season from 10 to 18 teams participating in the tournament. The tournament was finally set to be 18 teams in 2024 but later moved to 15 after the suspension of Juan Aurich, Deportivo Municipal and Unión Huaral.

Ciclista Lima, Unión Huaral, Deportivo Municipal, Mariscal Sucre, Unión Callao, Sport Boys, Alcides Vigo and Carlos Concha are the most successful clubs (three titles each). Universidad César Vallejo, Total Clean (now Total Chalaco), Cobresol, José Gálvez, Los Caimanes, Comerciantes Unidos, Cienciano, Alianza Atlético, Atlético Grau, Cusco, Alianza Universidad and Cajamarca are the only clubs outside the metropolitan area of Lima to have won a Segunda Division championship. In addition, Atlético Chalaco, Centro Iqueño, Defensor Lima, Deportivo Municipal, Mariscal Sucre, Sport Boys and Unión Huaral are the only teams that have been champions of the First and Second Division.

Since the Second Division became a nation-wide tournament in 2006, 21 of the 25 regions have had representative teams in the Segunda División/Liga 2. The only four regions that have never had a representative are Amazonas, Huancavelica, Madre de Dios, and Tumbes.

Stadia and locations

[edit]
Team City Stadium[6] Capacity[7]
Academia CantolaoCallaoMiguel Grau17,000
ADAJaénVíctor Montoya Segura9,000
Alianza UniversidadHuánucoHeraclio Tapia25,000
Ayacucho Ayacucho Las Américas 6,400
Bentín Tacna HeroicaTacnaJorge Basadre19,850
Binacional Juliaca Guillermo Briceño Rosamedina 20,030
Carlos A. MannucciTrujilloMansiche25,036
ComerciantesIquitosMax Augustín24,576
Deportivo LlacuabambaHuamachucoMunicipal de Huamachuco5,000
Estudiantil CNI Iquitos Max Augustín 24,576
PirataChongoyapeMunicipal de la Juventud2,500
San MarcosHuarazRosas Pampa18,000
SantosNazcaMunicipal de Nasca10,000
Sport Huancayo IIHuancayoHuancayo20,000
Unión ComercioNueva CajamarcaIPD de Nueva Cajamarca12,000
Unión Minas Cerro de Pasco Daniel Alcides Carrión 12,000
Universidad César Vallejo Trujillo César Acuña Peralta 2,000
Universidad San MartínLimaVilla Deportiva USMP1,249

Champions

[edit]

Peruvian Segunda División had amateur status since its foundation until 1987. In the course of this era, Telmo Carbajo, Ciclista Lima, Unión Callao, Carlos Concha and Mariscal Sucre shared the most titles. The first run from 1943 to 1987 featured clubs only from Lima and Callao. In 2006 expanded the league to the entire nation, beginning the Segunda División Nacional.


Note: For coaches who have won the 2nd division championship, see: RSSSF

  • (In bracket, title count):
Ed. Season Champion Runner-up Winning manager Leading goalscorer(s)
Segunda División
1
1943Telmo Carbajo[8] (1)Progresista Apurímac
2
1944Ciclista Lima[9] (1)Telmo Carbajo
3
1945Santiago Barranco[10] (1)Atlético Lusitania
4
1946Ciclista Lima[11] (2)Unión CallaoJuan Anglas (3 goals)
Abraham Hidalgo (3 goals)
Burga (3 goals)
Raúl Gordillo (3 goals)
5
1947Jorge Chávez[12] (1)Santiago BarrancoPeru Mario Pacheco
6
1948Centro Iqueño[13] (1)Santiago Barranco
7
1949Jorge Chávez[14] (2)Ciclista Lima
8
1950Unión Callao[15] (1)Association ChorrillosPeru Luis Zevallos
9
1951Association Chorrillos[16] (1)Atlético LusitaniaPeru Roberto López
10
1952Unión Callao[17] (2)Porvenir MirafloresGuevara (8 goals)
11
1953Carlos Concha[18] (1)Atlético LusitaniaArias (6 goals)
Larrea (6 goals)
12
1954Unión Callao[19](3)KDT NacionalPeru Segundo Castillo
13
1955Carlos Concha[20] (2)Porvenir MirafloresPeru Tulio Quiñones (10 goals)
14
1956Porvenir Miraflores[21] (1)Unión AméricaPeru Pedro Lobatón (16 goals)
15
1957Mariscal Castilla[22] (1)Carlos Concha
16
1958Unión América[23] (1)Porvenir MirafloresPeru José Chiarella[24]
17
1959Mariscal Sucre[25] (1)KDT NacionalGreece Dan GeorgiadisPeru Héctor Aliaga (15 goals)
18
1960Defensor Lima[26] (1)Carlos ConchaPeru Adelfo MagallanesPeru Manuel Ziani (9 goals)
19
1961KDT Nacional[27] (1)Association ChorrillosPeru José Chiarella[28]Peru Hugo Casas (14 goals)
20
1962Mariscal Sucre[29] (2)Carlos ConchaPeru Jorge Cabanillas (12 goals)
21
1963Carlos Concha[30] (3)Porvenir MirafloresPeru Carlos Aparicio[31]Peru Jorge Villafuerte (16 goals)[32]
22
1964Defensor Arica[33] (1)Porvenir MirafloresPeru Emilio Vargas[34]Peru Hugo Ocsas (13 goals)
Peru Víctor Montoya (13 goals)
Peru Napoleón Rodríguez (13 goals)
23
1965Mariscal Sucre[35] (3)Íntimos de La LeguaPeru Roberto Reinoso
24
1966Porvenir Miraflores[36] (2)Racing San IsidroPeru Alejandro Heredia[37]
25
1967KDT Nacional[38] (2)Independiente SacachispasPeru Segundo Castillo
26
1968Deportivo Municipal[39] (1)ADOPeru Alejandro HerediaPeru Hugo Sotil (14 goals)
27
1969Deportivo SIMA[40] (1)Mariscal SucrePeru Jorge Chávez Fernández
28
1970ADO[41] (1)Centro IqueñoPeru Pedro Valdivieso
29
1971Deportivo SIMA[42] (2)Atlético ChalacoPeru Alfonso Huapaya[43]
30
1972Atlético Chalaco[44] (1)Porvenir MirafloresPeru Alberto Terry
–
1973–82No Tournament
Segunda División Experimental
31
1983Unión González Prada[45] (1)Academia Cantolao
Segunda División
32
1984Unión González Prada[46] (2)Juventud La Joya
33
1985Alcides Vigo[47] (1)Centro Iqueño
34
1986Internazionale[48] (1)AELU
35
1987AELU[49] (1)CITEN
36
1988Defensor Lima[50] (2)Juventud La PalmaPeru Roberto Chale
37
1989Sport Boys[51] (1)Juventud La PalmaArgentina Vito Andrés Bártoli
38
1990Hijos de Yurimaguas[52] (1)Walter OrmeñoChile Miguel Ángel Arrué
39
1991Enrique Lau Chun[53] (1)Deportivo Zúñiga
40
1992Unión Huaral[54] (1)Ciclista LimaPeru Rufino Bernales[43]
41
1993Ciclista Lima[55] (3)Guardia RepublicanaChile Ramón Estay
42
1994Unión Huaral[56] (2)Hijos de YurimaguasPeru Alberto Gallardo
43
1995Guardia Republicana[57] (1)Deportivo ZúñigaPeru Alberto Gallardo
44
1996Alcides Vigo[58] (2)Hijos de YurimaguasPeru Alberto Gallardo
45
1997Lawn Tennis[59] (1)Bella EsperanzaPeru Luis ZacaríasPeru Roberto Salazar (23 goals)
46
1998Hijos de Yurimaguas[60] (2)Alcides VigoPeru Tito Chumpitaz
47
1999América Cochahuayco[61] (1)Sporting Cristal B[note 5]Peru Luis Reyna
Peru Luis Rubiños[62]
48
2000Aviación-FAP[63] (1)Alcides VigoArgentina Ramón QuirogaPeru Jerry Tamashiro (12 goals)
Peru Pedro Sanguinetti (12 goals)
Peru César Goya (12 goals)
49
2001Alcides Vigo[64] (3)AELUBrazil Dorival da SilvaPeru Roberto Salazar (17 goals)
50
2002Unión Huaral (3)Defensor Villa del MarPeru Pedro Ruíz
51
2003Sport Coopsol (1)Sporting Cristal B[note 5]Peru Jorge MachucaPeru Wilkin Cavero (23 goals)
52
2004Olimpico Somos Perú (1)Deportivo MunicipalPeru Rodolfo ChávarryPeru Juan Luna (18 goals)
53
2005Olimpico Somos Perú (2)Aviación-CoopsolPeru Ronald AmorettiPeru Juan Luna (18 goals)
Segunda División Nacional
54
2006Deportivo Municipal[65] (2)Universidad San MarcosPeru Juan José TanPeru Wilkin Cavero (16 goals)
55
2007Universidad César Vallejo[66] (1)Atlético MineroPeru Roberto ArreluceaPeru Ricardo Caldas (13 goals)
56
2008Total Clean[67] (1)Inti GasPeru Freddy GarcíaPeru Jorge Lozada (12 goals)
57
2009Sport Boys[68] (2)CobresolPeru Roberto DragoPeru Juan Luna (15 goals)
58
2010Cobresol (1)Sport ÁncashPeru Freddy GarcíaPeru Juan Luna (12 goals)
Peru Ramón Rodríguez (12 goals)
59
2011José Gálvez (1)Deportivo CoopsolPeru Rafael CastilloBrazil Wellington Adão (19 goals)
60
2012Pacífico (1)Deportivo CoopsolPeru Juan Carlos BazalarPeru Jesús Reyes (12 goals)
61
2013Los Caimanes (1)Alfonso UgartePeru Teddy CardamaPeru Jesús Reyes (13 goals)
62
2014Deportivo Municipal (3)Deportivo CoopsolPeru Carlos CortijoParaguay Carlos Pérez (22 goals)
63
2015Comerciantes Unidos (1)Los CaimanesPeru Carlos CortijoParaguay Carlos Pérez (14 goals)
64
2016Academia Cantolao (1)Sport ÁncashPeru Carlos SilvestriPeru Ramón Rodríguez (14 goals)
65
2017Sport Boys (3)Universidad César VallejoUruguay Mario VieraColombia Carlos López (24 goals)
66
2018Universidad César Vallejo (2)Carlos A. MannucciPeru José del SolarPeru Jair Córdova (23 goals)
Liga 2
67
2019Cienciano (1)Atlético GrauArgentina Marcelo GrioniPeru Ronal Huaccha (19 goals)
68
2020Alianza Atlético (1)Juan AurichPeru Jahir ButrónColombia Carlos López (7 goals)
Colombia Víctor Perlaza (7 goals)
69
2021Atlético Grau (1)Carlos SteinPeru Jesús OropesaUruguay Santiago Pallares (14 goals)
Argentina Sergio Almirón (14 goals)
70
2022Cusco (1)Unión ComercioUruguay Pablo PeiranoArgentina Matías Sen (14 goals)
Panama José Fajardo (14 goals)
71
2023Comerciantes Unidos (2)Los ChankasPeru Carlos Silvestri[69]Argentina Matías Sen (20 goals)
72
2024Alianza Universidad (1)Juan Pablo II CollegePeru Paul Cominges[70]Uruguay Mathías López (16 goals)
73
2025Cajamarca (1)Deportivo MoqueguaPeru Juan Carlos Malpica[71]Colombia Víctor Perlaza (13 goals)
Argentina Maximiliano Zárate (13 goals)
74
2026

Titles by club

[edit]
Rank Club Winners Runners-up Winning years Runners-up years
1
 Carlos Concha331953, 1955, 19631957, 1960, 1962
Alcides Vigo321985, 1996, 20011998, 2000
Ciclista Lima321944, 1946, 19931949, 1992
Deportivo Municipal311968, 2006, 20142004
Mariscal Sucre311959, 1962, 19651969
Unión Callao311950, 1952, 19541946
Sport Boys301989, 2009, 2017—
Unión Huaral301992, 1994, 2002—
2
 Porvenir Miraflores261956, 19661952, 1955, 1958, 1963, 1964, 1972
Hijos de Yurimaguas221990, 19981994, 1996
KDT Nacional221961, 19671954, 1959
Universidad César Vallejo212007, 20182017
Comerciantes Unidos202015, 2023—
Defensor Lima201960, 1988—
Deportivo SIMA201969, 1971—
Olímpico Somos Perú202004, 2005—
Jorge Chávez201947, 1949—
Unión González Prada201983, 1984—
3
 AELU1219871986, 2001
Association Chorrillos1219511950, 1961
Santiago Barranco1219451947, 1948
ADO1119701968
Atlético Chalaco1119721971
Atlético Grau1120212019
Aviación-FAP1120002005
Centro Iqueño1119481970
Cobresol1120102009
Guardia Republicana1119951993
Los Caimanes1120132015
Telmo Carbajo1119431944
Unión América1119581956
Academia Cantolao102016—
Alianza Atlético102020—
Alianza Universidad102024—
América Cochahuayco101999—
Cajamarca102025—
Cienciano102019—
Cusco102022—
Defensor Arica101964—
Enrique Lau Chun101991—
Internazionale101986—
José Gálvez102011—
Lawn Tennis101997—
Mariscal Castilla101957—
Pacífico102012—
Sport Coopsol102003—
Total Clean102008—

Titles by region

[edit]
Region Nº of titles Clubs
Lima Lima 38 Alcides Vigo (3), Ciclista Lima (3), Unión Huaral (3), Deportivo Municipal (3), Mariscal Sucre (3), Unión González Prada (2), Defensor Lima (2), Olímpico Somos Perú (2), Porvenir Miraflores (2), América Cochahuayco (1), AELU (1), Association Chorrillos (1), Centro Iqueño (1), Defensor Arica (1), Deportivo Aviación (1), Enrique Lau Chun (1), Guardia Republicana (1), Lawn Tennis (1), Mariscal Castilla (1), Pacífico (1), Santiago Barranco (1), Sport Coopsol (1), Internazionale (1), Unión América (1)
Callao Callao 21 Carlos Concha (3), Unión Callao (3), Sport Boys (3), Hijos de Yurimaguas (2), Jorge Chávez (2), KDT Nacional (2), Deportivo SIMA (2), Atlético Chalaco (1), ADO (1), Academia Cantolao (1), Telmo Carbajo (1)
Department of Cajamarca Cajamarca 3 Comerciantes Unidos (2), Cajamarca (1)
Cusco Cusco 2 Cienciano (1), Cusco (1)
La Libertad Region La Libertad 2 Universidad César Vallejo (2)
Department of Piura Piura 2 Alianza Atlético (1), Atlético Grau (1)
Ancash Ancash 1 José Gálvez (1)
Arequipa Arequipa 1 Total Clean (1)
Department of Huánuco Huánuco 1 Alianza Universidad (1)
Department of Lambayeque Lambayeque 1 Los Caimanes (1)
Department of Moquegua Moquegua 1 Cobresol (1)

Half-year / Short tournaments

[edit]

Apertura and Clausura / Fase 1 and Fase 2 seasons

[edit]
SeasonChampionRunner-upThird Place
2021Fase 1Sport ChavelinesAtlético GrauUnión Comercio
Fase 2Unión HuaralUnión ComercioCarlos Stein
2022AperturaCuscoUnión ComercioLos Chankas
ClausuraCuscoUnión ComercioSantos

Notes

[edit]
  1. ↑ The FPF annulled the promotion to the First Division.
  2. ↑ There was no promotion to the Peruvian First Division. The champion and runner-up qualified for the División Intermedia A.
  3. ↑ There was no promotion to the Peruvian First Division. The first six places qualified for the 1992 Torneo Zonal while the rest of the teams were relegated to the Copa Perú.
  4. ↑ There was no promotion to the Peruvian First Division. The champion and runner-up qualified for the Copa Peru's National stage.
  5. 1 2 Sporting Cristal B can´t be promoted as they are the "reserve team" of Sporting Cristal which plays in First Division.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ↑ en, Por José Manuel Quintana VillaSeguir (2026-04-30). "Copa de la Liga peruana confirmada: equipos de primera y segunda división competirán por el torneo nacional". infobae (in Spanish). Retrieved 2026-04-30.
  2. ↑ "El nuevo formato de la Liga 2 para el 2024". 22 February 2024.
  3. ↑ Becker, Wolfy (6 March 2007). "The dreadful situation of Peruvian football". Wolfy Becker. Archived from the original on 31 January 2009. Retrieved 15 June 2009.
  4. ↑ "Woodman: "No habrá cambio de césped en el Elías Aguirre"" [There will not be changes to the field in the Elías Aguirre] (in Spanish). Peru.com. Retrieved 26 April 2010. Agregó que de ninguna manera se cambiara el césped sintético a los demás estadios del país que tienen este tipo de gramado. 'Nosotros estamos para masificar el deporte y el pasto sintético es un tema apoyado por la FIFA.... Además sí se puede jugar al fútbol, como se juega en todos lados' subrayó Woodman.
  5. ↑ "Three Companies re-sign agreement". FIFA. Retrieved 26 May 2010. Polytan Sportstättenbau GmbH, the German-based company, won the tender for installing 4 fields in Peru, all of which were used for the FIFA U-17 World Championship Peru 2005. This was the first time a FIFA Final tournament was played entirely on artificial turf.[dead link]
  6. ↑ Most stadiums are owned by the Instituto Peruano del Deporte (IPD).
  7. ↑ "Peru". fussballtempel.net. Archived from the original on 25 February 2008. Retrieved 2008-02-02.
  8. ↑ Nieto, Carlos. "Torneo Segunda Division 1943". perufootball.org. Retrieved 2022-06-01.
  9. ↑ Nieto, Carlos. "Torneo Segunda Division 1944". perufootball.org. Retrieved 2022-06-01.
  10. ↑ Nieto, Carlos. "Torneo Segunda Division 1945". perufootball.org. Retrieved 2022-06-01.
  11. ↑ Nieto, Carlos. "Torneo Segunda Division 1946". perufootball.org. Retrieved 2022-06-01.
  12. ↑ Nieto, Carlos. "Torneo Segunda Division - PERUFOOTBALL". perufootball.org. Retrieved 2022-06-01.
  13. ↑ Nieto, Carlos. "Torneo Segunda Division - PERUFOOTBALL". perufootball.org. Retrieved 2022-06-01.
  14. ↑ Nieto, Carlos. "Torneo Segunda Division - PERUFOOTBALL". perufootball.org. Retrieved 2022-06-01.
  15. ↑ Nieto, Carlos. "Torneo Segunda Division - PERUFOOTBALL". perufootball.org. Retrieved 2022-06-01.
  16. ↑ Nieto, Carlos. "Torneo Segunda Division - PERUFOOTBALL". perufootball.org. Retrieved 2022-06-01.
  17. ↑ Nieto, Carlos. "Torneo Segunda Division - PERUFOOTBALL". perufootball.org. Retrieved 2022-06-01.
  18. ↑ Nieto, Carlos. "Torneo Segunda Division - PERUFOOTBALL". perufootball.org. Retrieved 2022-06-01.
  19. ↑ Nieto, Carlos. "Torneo Segunda Division - PERUFOOTBALL". perufootball.org. Retrieved 2022-06-01.
  20. ↑ Nieto, Carlos. "Torneo Segunda Division - PERUFOOTBALL". perufootball.org. Retrieved 2022-06-01.
  21. ↑ Nieto, Carlos. "Torneo Segunda Division - PERUFOOTBALL". perufootball.org. Retrieved 2022-06-01.
  22. ↑ Nieto, Carlos. "Torneo Segunda Division - PERUFOOTBALL". perufootball.org. Retrieved 2022-06-03.
  23. ↑ Nieto, Carlos. "Torneo Segunda Division - PERUFOOTBALL". perufootball.org. Retrieved 2022-06-03.
  24. ↑ David Sánchez (19 January 2019). "Unión América: Continente efímero" [Union America: Ephemeral Continent]. De Chalaca (in Spanish). Retrieved 23 January 2026.
  25. ↑ Nieto, Carlos. "Torneo Segunda Division - PERUFOOTBALL". perufootball.org. Retrieved 2022-06-03.
  26. ↑ Nieto, Carlos. "Torneo Segunda Division - PERUFOOTBALL". perufootball.org. Retrieved 2022-06-03.
  27. ↑ Nieto, Carlos. "Torneo Segunda Division - PERUFOOTBALL". perufootball.org. Retrieved 2022-06-03.
  28. ↑ José Noles. "Callao querido Callao añorado". Facebook (in Spanish). Retrieved 13 February 2026.
  29. ↑ Nieto, Carlos. "Torneo Segunda Division - PERUFOOTBALL". perufootball.org. Retrieved 2022-06-03.
  30. ↑ Nieto, Carlos. "Torneo Segunda Division - PERUFOOTBALL". perufootball.org. Retrieved 2022-06-03.
  31. ↑ Diario La Crónica - Martes 20 de agosto de 1963 - Suplemento Deportivo pag. 2
  32. ↑ Diario La Crónica - Lunes 23 de setiembre de 1963 - Suplemento Deportivo pag. 26
  33. ↑ Nieto, Carlos. "Torneo Segunda Division - PERUFOOTBALL". perufootball.org. Retrieved 2022-06-03.
  34. ↑ Roberto Gando (13 November 2014). "Defensor Arica campeón 1964: El celeste fantasma" [Defensor Arica champion 1964: The phantom sky blue]. De Chalaca (in Spanish). Retrieved 23 January 2026.
  35. ↑ Nieto, Carlos. "Torneo Segunda Division - PERUFOOTBALL". perufootball.org. Retrieved 2022-06-03.
  36. ↑ Nieto, Carlos. "Torneo Segunda Division - PERUFOOTBALL". perufootball.org. Retrieved 2022-06-03.
  37. ↑ Wilder Buleje (2 November 2018). "Alejandro 'Cholo' Heredia lucha contra el olvido" [Alejandro ‘Cholo’ Heredia fights against oblivion]. LaMula.pe (in Spanish). Retrieved 14 February 2026.
  38. ↑ Nieto, Carlos. "Torneo Segunda Division - PERUFOOTBALL". perufootball.org. Retrieved 2022-06-03.
  39. ↑ Nieto, Carlos. "Torneo Segunda Division - PERUFOOTBALL". perufootball.org. Retrieved 2022-06-03.
  40. ↑ Nieto, Carlos. "Torneo Segunda Division - PERUFOOTBALL". perufootball.org. Retrieved 2022-06-03.
  41. ↑ Nieto, Carlos. "Torneo Segunda Division - PERUFOOTBALL". perufootball.org. Retrieved 2022-06-06.
  42. ↑ Nieto, Carlos. "Torneo Segunda Division - PERUFOOTBALL". perufootball.org. Retrieved 2022-06-06.
  43. 1 2 Juan Rodrigo Velarde (2 October 2022). "Subibaja exprés" [Express seesaw]. De Chalaca (in Spanish). Retrieved 13 February 2026.
  44. ↑ Nieto, Carlos. "Torneo Segunda Division - PERUFOOTBALL". perufootball.org. Retrieved 2022-06-06.
  45. ↑ Nieto, Carlos. "Torneo Segunda Division - PERUFOOTBALL". perufootball.org. Retrieved 2022-06-06.
  46. ↑ Nieto, Carlos. "Torneo Segunda Division - PERUFOOTBALL". perufootball.org. Retrieved 2022-06-06.
  47. ↑ Nieto, Carlos. "Torneo Segunda Division - PERUFOOTBALL". perufootball.org. Retrieved 2022-06-06.
  48. ↑ Nieto, Carlos. "Torneo Segunda Division - PERUFOOTBALL". perufootball.org. Retrieved 2022-06-06.
  49. ↑ Nieto, Carlos. "Torneo Segunda Division - PERUFOOTBALL". perufootball.org. Retrieved 2022-06-06.
  50. ↑ Nieto, Carlos. "Torneo Segunda Division Profesional - PERUFOOTBALL". perufootball.org. Retrieved 2022-06-06.
  51. ↑ Nieto, Carlos. "Torneo Segunda Division Profesional - PERUFOOTBALL". perufootball.org. Retrieved 2022-06-06.
  52. ↑ Nieto, Carlos. "Torneo Segunda Division Profesional - PERUFOOTBALL". perufootball.org. Retrieved 2022-06-06.
  53. ↑ Nieto, Carlos. "Torneo Segunda Division Profesional - PERUFOOTBALL". perufootball.org. Retrieved 2022-06-06.
  54. ↑ Nieto, Carlos. "Torneo Segunda Division Profesional - PERUFOOTBALL". perufootball.org. Retrieved 2022-06-06.
  55. ↑ Nieto, Carlos. "Torneo Segunda Division Profesional - PERUFOOTBALL". perufootball.org. Retrieved 2022-06-06.
  56. ↑ Nieto, Carlos. "Torneo Segunda Division Profesional - PERUFOOTBALL". perufootball.org. Retrieved 2022-06-06.
  57. ↑ Nieto, Carlos. "Torneo Segunda Division Profesional 1995 - PERUFOOTBALL". perufootball.org. Retrieved 2022-10-30.
  58. ↑ Nieto, Carlos. "Torneo Segunda Division Profesional 1996 - PERUFOOTBALL". perufootball.org. Retrieved 2022-10-30.
  59. ↑ Nieto, Carlos. "Torneo Segunda Division Profesional 1997 - PERUFOOTBALL". perufootball.org. Retrieved 2022-10-30.
  60. ↑ Nieto, Carlos. "Torneo Segunda Division Profesional 1998 - PERUFOOTBALL". perufootball.org. Retrieved 2022-10-30.
  61. ↑ Nieto, Carlos. "Torneo Segunda Division Profesional 1999 - PERUFOOTBALL". perufootball.org. Retrieved 2022-10-30.
  62. ↑ Roberto Castro (26 January 2015). "Periplo en diminutivo" [Journey in diminutive]. De Chalaca (in Spanish). Retrieved 25 January 2026.
  63. ↑ Nieto, Carlos. "Torneo Segunda Division Profesional 2000 - PERUFOOTBALL". perufootball.org. Retrieved 2022-10-30.
  64. ↑ Nieto, Carlos. "Torneo Segunda Division Profesional 2001 - PERUFOOTBALL". perufootball.org. Retrieved 2022-10-30.
  65. ↑ "Segunda División 2006 - Results, fixtures, tables and stats - Global Sports Archive". globalsportsarchive.com. Retrieved 2022-05-29.
  66. ↑ "Segunda División 2007 - Results, fixtures, tables and stats - Global Sports Archive". globalsportsarchive.com. Retrieved 2022-05-29.
  67. ↑ "Segunda División 2008 - Results, fixtures, tables and stats - Global Sports Archive". globalsportsarchive.com. Retrieved 2022-05-29.
  68. ↑ "Segunda División 2009 - Results, fixtures, tables and stats - Global Sports Archive". globalsportsarchive.com. Retrieved 2022-05-29.
  69. ↑ "Comerciantes Unidos es de Primera: se coronó campeón de la Liga 2" [Comerciantes Unidos is in the First Division: they were crowned champions of Liga 2]. TV Perú (in Spanish). 15 September 2023. Retrieved 12 February 2026.
  70. ↑ Raúl Bazán Chocos (4 November 2024). "Paul Cominges con Infobae Perú: el ascenso y proyecto con Alianza Universidad, la polémica de Juan Pablo II y su deseo de trabajar con su hermano Juan" [Paul Cominges with Infobae Peru: the rise and project with Alianza Universidad, the controversy surrounding John Paul II and his desire to work with his brother Juan]. Infobae (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 February 2026.
  71. ↑ "FC Cajamarca se impuso a Deportivo Moquegua en la final de la Segunda División y jugará la Liga 1 en 2026" [FC Cajamarca defeated Deportivo Moquegua in the Second Division final and will play in Liga 1 in 2026]. ESPN (in Spanish). 2 November 2025. Retrieved 12 February 2026.
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