Maquis shrubland
Maquis (UK: /mæˈkiː/ ma-KEE, US: /mɑːˈkiː/ mah-KEE, French: [maki]) or macchia (/ˈmɑːkiə/ MAH-kee-ə, Italian: [ˈmakkja]; often macchia mediterranea in Italian; Corsican: machja, pronounced [ˈmaca]; Croatian: makija; Occitan: maquís; Catalan: màquia, Spanish: maquia) is a savanna-like shrubland biome in the Mediterranean region, typically consisting of densely growing evergreen shrubs.[1][2] It is typically found in mountainous, coastal regions.[3] The ecosystems typically have humid, temperate winters and dry summers.[4] The soil in maquis is typically highly acidic.[5]
Vegetation
[edit]The shrubs in maquis typically top out at around 4-5 metres tall. Maquis has a sizable flora, made up of mostly xerophilous plants, many of which go dormant during the dry summer months.[4] Common plants found in the biome include, but are not limited to:
- Plants of the family Lamiaceae
- Plants of genera Laurus
- Plants of genera Myrtus
- Olea europaea
- Ceratonia siliqua
- Ficus carica[3]
- Quercus ilex
- Genera Phillyrea
- Rhamnus alaternus
- Pistacia lentiscus[4]
- Arbutus unedo
- Cistus monspeliensis[5]
In popular culture
[edit]- The French phrase prendre le maquis (English: Take the maquis) means to hide from law enforcement.[5] This phrase originates from the Corsican piglià a machja, and was popularized during the second world war due to the French resistance using the countryside to hide from the German army using tactics developed by Corsican bandits.[6] This phrase re-entered common French lexicon during the Corsican conflict, during which guerrillas from the FLNC would hide in the dense forest to evade French authorities.[7][8]
- Several bands of guerrilla fighters have been named after the maquis, like the Maquisards, Spanish Maquis, and the Maquis of Fizi. Additionally, a fictional group from several Star Trek series is known as the Maquis.
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ↑ Habitats of the world. New York: Marshall Cavendish. 2006. pp. 488, 492–493. ISBN 978-0761475231. Retrieved 26 November 2015.
maquis shrubland.
- ↑ Costantini, Edoardo A.C.; Dazzi, Carmelo, eds. (2013). The soils of Italy. Dordrecht: Springer. pp. 30, 78, 80, 83, 255, 283. ISBN 978-9400756410. Retrieved 26 November 2015.
- 1 2 "Maquis". Encyclopedia Britannica.
- 1 2 3 "Maquis shrubland and the woods". Parco Nationale del Vesuvio. Retrieved 10 July 2026.
- 1 2 3 ""Garrigue" and "Maquis"". Parc Nationale des Calanques. Retrieved 10 July 2026.
- ↑ maquisdelain.org. "Birth of the Maquis". Maquis de l'Ain et du Haut-Jura. Retrieved 2026-08-30.
- ↑ "The Maquis history of Cévennes - The Good Life France". 2021-06-15. Retrieved 2026-08-30.
- ↑ admin_vp (2021-04-22). "Saviez-vous que le mot Maquis vient du Corse ?" (in French). Retrieved 2026-08-30.
External links
[edit]
Media related to Maquis shrubland at Wikimedia Commons- Media related to Maquis (vegetation) at Wikimedia Commons
- Media related to Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub at Wikimedia Commons
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