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// Workers AI · dad joke modeWhy was the list of largest snakes popular? It was a huge success.

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Longest snakes)

The largest living snakes in the world, measured either by length or by weight, are various members of the Boidae and Pythonidae families. They include anacondas, pythons and boa constrictors, which are all non-venomous constrictors. The longest venomous snake, with a length up to 18.5–18.8 ft (5.6–5.7 m), is the king cobra,[1] while contesters for the heaviest title include the Gaboon viper and the Eastern diamondback rattlesnake. All of these three species reach a maximum mass in the range of 6–20 kg (13–44 lb). The largest known snake overall is the extinct Titanoboa.

There are fourteen or fifteen living snake species that have a maximum mass of at least 50 lb (23 kg), as shown in the table below. These include all species that reach a length of at least 20 ft (6 m). There are also two other species that reach nearly this length – the Oenpelli python (binomial name Nyctophilopython oenpelliensis, Simalia oenpelliensis or Morelia oenpelliensis),[2] and the olive python (Liasis olivaceus). The information available about these two species is rather limited.[3] The Oenpelli python, in particular, has been called the rarest python in the world.[4][5][6]

There is considerable variation in the maximum reported size of these species, and most measurements are not verifiable, so the sizes listed should not be considered definitive. In general, the reported lengths are likely to be somewhat overestimated.[7] In spite of what has been, for many years, a standing offer of a large financial reward (initially $1,000 offered by U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt in the early 1900s,[8] later raised to $5,000, then $15,000 in 1978 and $50,000 in 1980) for a live, healthy snake over 30 ft (9.14 m) long by the New York Zoological Society (later renamed as the Wildlife Conservation Society), no attempt to claim the reward has ever been made.[3]

Although it is generally accepted that the reticulated python is the world's longest snake, most length estimates longer than 6 m (20 ft) have been called into question.[7] It has been suggested that confident length records for the largest snakes must be established from a dead body soon after death, or alternatively from a heavily sedated snake, using a steel tape and in the presence of witnesses, and must be published (and preferably recorded on video).[7] At least one reticulated python was measured under full anesthesia at 6.95 m (22.8 ft), and somewhat less reliable scientific reports up to 10.05 m (33.0 ft) have appeared.[9]

Although weight is easier to measure reliably than length (e.g., by simply measuring the weight of a container with and without the snake inside it and subtracting one measurement from the other), a significant factor in the weight of a snake is whether it has been kept in captivity and provided an unusual abundance of food in conditions that also cause reduced levels of activity. Moreover, the weight of wild specimens is often reduced as a symptom of parasite infestations that are eliminated by veterinary care in captivity. Thus, the largest weights measured for captive specimens often greatly exceed the largest weights observed in the wild for the same species. This phenomenon may particularly affect the weight measurements for anaconda species that are especially difficult to keep in captivity due to their semi-aquatic nature, resulting in other species having larger weights measured in captivity. In particular, the green anaconda (Eunectes murinus) is an especially massive snake if only observations in the wild are considered.

Largest serpent species in the world

[edit]
RankCommon nameScientific nameFamilyMassImageLengthRange map
1 Green anaconda (a.k.a. giant anaconda)Eunectes murinusBoidaeMay exceed 227 kg (500 lb),[10] measurement validity questionable
170 kg (370 lb), unverified but plausible weight for wild-caught specimen in Acre, Brazil, see section on remarkable individual specimens [11]


130 kg (290 lb) to 147 kg (324 lb), not firmly verified, specimen kept at Reptilarium du Larzac in Sainte-Eulalie-de-Cernon, France [12][13][14]
97.5 kg (215 lb), reliable, maximum among 780 specimens caught over a seven-year period 1992–98[15]
Average 30.8 kg (68 lb) among 45 specimens (1992–98)[15]
Generally considered the heaviest in the wild (exceeded by P.bivittatus and M. reticulatus in captivity) Some specimens may be of a distinct "northern green anaconda" species.

 May exceed 8.8 m (28 ft 10 in),[10] not firmly verified[7]
6.32 m (20 ft 9 in), reliable for specimen listed by Rivas et al.[16]
6.27 m (20 ft 7 in), somewhat reliable[17]
5.6 m (18 ft 4 in), somewhat reliable[3]
5.21 m (17 ft 1 in), reliable, maximum among 780 specimens caught over a seven-year period 1992–98[15]
Average 3.7 m (12 ft 2 in) among 45 specimens (1992–98)[15]
Minimum adult length 3.2 m (10 ft 6 in)[3]

Some specimens may be of a distinct "northern green anaconda" species.
2 Burmese pythonPython bivittatus
(now recognized as distinct from P. molurus)		Pythonidae182.8 kg (403 lb), reliable, for "Baby" in 1998 (in captivity)[7]
98 kg (216 lb), reliable, for the heaviest specimen found in the wild[18][19][20][21]
94 kg (207 lb), reliable, for the biggest male in the wild[22][23][24]		5.7912 m (19 ft 0 in), reliable, for the longest specimen found in the wild 10 July 2023[25][26][27]
Minimum adult length 2.35 m (7 ft 9 in)[3]
3 Reticulated pythonMalayopython reticulatusPythonidaeUp to 158 kg (350 lb), somewhat reliable[28][29]
158.8 kg (350 lb), somewhat reliable, for "Medusa" in 2011[30]
About 156 kg (344 lb), somewhat reliable, for "Twinkie" in 2014[31][32]
136 kg (300 lb), somewhat reliable, for "Fluffy" in 2010[33]
133.7 kg (295 lb), reasonably reliable, for "Colossus" in 1954 (with an empty stomach)[7][34]
124.7 kg (275 lb), somewhat reliable, for "Samantha" in 2002[34][35]
115 kg (254 lb), somewhat reliable, for "Super Snake" in 2021[36][37][38]
59 kg (130 lb), reliable, wild specimen in 1999 (after not eating for nearly 3 months)[9]		10.05 m (33 ft 0 in),[9][28][29] not firmly verified[7]
7.92 m (26 ft 0 in), somewhat reliable, for "Samantha" in 2002[34][35]
7.67 m (25 ft 2 in), somewhat reliable, for "Medusa" in 2011[30]
7.3 m (23 ft 11 in), somewhat reliable, for "Fluffy" in 2010[30][33]
7 m (23 ft 0 in), somewhat reliable, for "Twinkie" in 2014[32]
7 m (23 ft 0 in), somewhat reliable, for "Super Snake" in 2021[36][37][38]
6.95 m (22 ft 10 in), reliable, wild specimen in 1999[9]
6.35 m (20 ft 10 in), reasonably reliable, for "Colossus" in 1963 (skeletal length)[7]
Specimens longer than 6 m (19 ft 8 in) are rare[9]
Minimum adult length 3.04 m (10 ft 0 in)[3]
Generally considered the world's longest
4 Central African rock pythonPython sebae
(now recognized as distinct from P. natalensis)		PythonidaeUp to 113 kg (250 lb),[39] not firmly verified[7]
91 kg (200 lb), reliable[40][41][42]		Up to 7.5 m (24 ft 7 in),[43] not firmly verified[7]
6.5 m (21 ft 4 in), reliable[44]
Minimum adult length 2.50 m (8 ft 2 in)[3]
Range shown as green region
5 Southern African rock pythonPython natalensis
(now recognized as distinct from P. sebae)		Pythonidae80 kg (180 lb), somewhat reliable, for the largest specimen[45]
65 kg (143 lb), reliable[46]
Of 75 specimens measured in South Africa, the longest female weighed 53.4 kg (118 lb).[47]		6 m (19 ft 8 in)[48] not firmly verified
5.8 m (19 ft 0 in), reliable[44]
Of 75 specimens measured in South Africa, the longest female was 4.34 m (14 ft 3 in) long.
Specimens longer than 4.6 m (15 ft 1 in) are rare.[49]
Typically 2.8–4 m (9 ft 2 in – 13 ft 1 in)[50]
Range shown as orange region
6 Indian pythonPython molurus
(now recognized as distinct from P. bivittatus)		Pythonidae91 kg (200 lb),[51] not firmly verified[7]
52 kg (115 lb), reliable[52]		6.4 m (21 ft 0 in),[51] not firmly verified[7]
4.6 m (15.1 ft), reliable[52]
7 Australian scrub pythonSimalia kinghorni
(now recognized as distinct from S. amethistina)		Pythonidae35 kg (77 lb),[53] reliable
24 kg (53 lb), reliable[54][55]		Some reports up to[56] or exceeding 8 m (26 ft 3 in),[3] not firmly verified[7]
7.2 m (23 ft 7 in),[57] not firmly verified[55]
In excess of 6 m (19 ft 8 in)[56]
5.65 m (18 ft 6 in), reliable[54][55]
Typically 3.5 m (11 ft 6 in)[3]
Minimum adult length 1.8 m (5 ft 11 in)[3]
Little information about size is available[3][58]
Range shown as dark green region
8 Amethystine pythonSimalia amethistina
(recently recognized as distinct from S. kinghorni)		PythonidaeAble to reach 20 kg (44 lb),[59] and probably larger
Little information about size is available[3][58]		Able to reach 5.5 m (18 ft 1 in)[59]
4.72 m (15 ft 6 in), reliable[60]
Little information about size is available[3][58]
Range shown as dark orange and bright orange regions
9 Yellow anacondaEunectes notaeusBoidaeThey commonly weigh 25–35 kg (55–77 lb), though large specimens can weigh 40–55 kg (88–121 lb) or even more.[61]4.6 m (15.1 ft), reasonably reliable[1][62]
Typically 3–4 m (9 ft 10 in – 13 ft 1 in)[62]
3.1 m (10 ft 2 in) maximum among 86 specimens in a field study[63]		South America
10 Red tailed boaBoa constrictorBoidaeMore than 45 kg (99 lb)[64]Possibly up to 4.3 m (14 ft 1 in)[65]
A much larger report was debunked[7][66]		[67]
11 Cuban boaChilabothrus anguliferBoidaeMaximum 40 kg (88 lb), reliable[68]
27 kg (60 lb), reliable[69]		5.65 m (18 ft 6 in), for the largest specimen[68]
Up to 4.8 m (15 ft 9 in)[69][70]
12 Beni anacondaEunectes beniensis
(now recognized as distinct from E. murinus and E. notaeus)		Boidae35 kg (77 lb)[citation needed]Largest specimen 3.2 m (10 ft 6 in),[71] relatively reliable
Typically up to 2 m (6 ft 7 in),[72][73] relatively reliable
Little information about size is available (known from only six specimens as of 2009)[74]
13 Dark-spotted anacondaEunectes deschauenseei
(sometimes confused with E. notaeus)		Boidae30 kg (66 lb)[citation needed]3 m (9 ft 10 in),[75][76] relatively reliable
14 Papuan pythonApodora papuanaPythonidaeAverage reported as 22.5 kg (50 lb)[77]
Little information about size is available[3]		One reasonably reliable report of 4.39 m (14 ft 4.8 in)[3][78]
Average reported as 4 m (13 ft 1.5 in)[77]
Often reaches 3–4 m (9 ft 10.1 in – 13 ft 1.5 in)[3]
Most specimens 1.4–3.6 m (4 ft 7 in – 11 ft 10 in)[78]
Little information about size is available[3]

By families

[edit]

Boas (Boidae)

[edit]
  • The most massive living member of this highly diverse reptilian order is the green anaconda (Eunectes murinus) of the neotropical riverways. These may exceed 8.8 m (29 ft) and 227 kg (500 lb), although such reports are not fully verified.[7] Rumors of larger anacondas also persist.[79]

Pythons (Pythonidae)

[edit]
  • The reticulated python (Python reticulatus) of Southeast Asia is longer but more slender than the green anaconda, and has been reported to measure as much as 10 m (33 ft) in length and to weigh up to 158 kg (348 lb).[57][29]

Typical snakes (Colubridae)

[edit]

Elapids (Elapidae)

[edit]
King cobra, the largest elapid
  • The longest venomous snake is the king cobra (Ophiophagus hannah), with lengths (recorded in captivity) of up to 5.7 m (19 ft) and a weight of up to 12.7 kg (28 lb).[57]The second-longest venomous snake in the world is possibly the African black mamba (Dendroaspis polylepis), which can grow up to 4.5 m (15 ft). Among the genus Naja, the longest member arguably may be the forest cobra (Naja melanoleuca), which can reportedly grow up to 3 m (9.8 ft). In the case of the Indian cobra (Naja naja), the majority of adult specimens range from 1 to 1.5 m (3 ft 3 in to 4 ft 11 in) in length. Some specimens, particularly those from Sri Lanka, may grow to lengths of 2.1 to 2.2 m (6 ft 11 in to 7 ft 3 in), but this is relatively uncommon.[88]

Blind snakes (Leptotyphlopidae)

[edit]
  • The largest blind snake Giant blind snake (Rena maxima) is a female with a snout-to-vent length (SVL) of 33 cm (13 in) plus a tail 1.8 cm (0.71 in) long.[89]

Lamprophids (Lamprophiidae)

[edit]
  • The largest lamprophids Cape file snake (Heterolepsis capensis) is a medium to large snake. With an average total length (including tail) of about 120 cm (3 ft 11 in), specimens of 165 cm (5 ft 5 in) total length have been recorded. It has a very flat head, and its body is strikingly triangular in cross-section.

Vipers (Viperidae)

[edit]
  • The Gaboon viper (Bitis gabonica), a very bulky species with a maximum length of around 2 m (6 ft 7 in), is typically the heaviest non-constrictor snake and the biggest member of the viper family, with unverified specimens reported to as much as 20 kg (44 lb).[57][90] The wild verified largest specimen of 1.8 m (5 ft 11 in) total length, caught in 1973, was found to have weighed 11.3 kg (25 lb) with an empty stomach.[57] And therefore, the heaviest venomous snake and also the largest species of viper in present usually is an eastern diamondback rattlesnake (Crotalus adamanteus) with a maximum reliable mass in 15.4 kg (34 lb) and maximum length of 2.4 m (7 ft 10 in).[91] While not quite as heavy, another member of the viper family is longer still, the South American bushmaster (Lachesis muta), with a maximum length of 3.65 m (12.0 ft).[92]
  • The rattlesnake genus Crotalus, which includes the aforementioned eastern diamondback rattlesnake and western diamondback rattlesnake (Crotalus atrox), reaches a maximum length of 2.13 m (7 ft 0 in), and according to W. A. King one large specimen had a length of 2.26 m (7 ft 5 in) and a mass of 11 kg (24 lb).[91] The third largest rattlesnake is the Mexican west coast rattlesnake (Crotalus basiliscus), which reaches 2.04 m (6 ft 8 in) long and 7.7 kg (17 lb) mass,[91] and one captive-raised male was weighed at 8.8 kg (19.4 lb) in 2020.[93]

Remarkable individual specimens

[edit]

Individual specimens considered among largest measured for their respective species include the following:

Green anacondas:

[edit]
  • Specimen killed in February 2013 in the state of Acre, Brazil in the municipality of Feijó reportedly weighing 170 kg (370 lb).

The skeleton of this specimen was apparently preserved at the Federal University of Acre and reportedly measured 6.21 m (20.4 ft), which implies that the live snake must have been about 6.4 m (21 ft 0 in) to 6.5 m (21 ft 4 in). Weight appears not reliably verified, but is plausible for a bulky specimen of that length based on allometric scaling of verified bulky specimens of shorter length.[11][94]

  • Specimen caught at Vale das Palmeiras, Guarantã do Norte, Mato Grosso, Brazil, 26 August 2011 reportedly measuring 6 m (19 ft 8 in) and weighing 120 kg (260 lb)[95][96][97]
  • Captive specimen at Reptilarium du Larzac, France measured as 6 m (19 ft 8 in) and 147 kg (324 lb)[12]
  • Captive specimen named "Pippi" at Den lille dyrehage in Arendal, Norway measured 6 m (19 ft 8 in) and weighed 120 kg (260 lb)[98]

Burmese pythons:

[edit]
  • Wild caught (non-native invasive) Burmese python (Python bivittatus) female♀ 5.7912 m (19 ft 0 in) (19 ft) 56.699 kg (125.00 lb) caught in the Big Cypress National Preserve in eastern Collier County, Florida by Jake Waleri and Stephen Gauta on 10 July 2023. Waleri and several friends caught the large snake. They brought her to the Conservancy of Southwest Florida to have her officially documented. New current world record longest Burmese Python recorded by official measurement 12 July 2023.[99][26][100]
  • "Baby" a captive Burmese python (Python bivittatus) female♀ 5.74 m (18 ft 10 in), 182.8 kg (403 lb); "Baby" was kept at Serpent Safari in Gurnee, Illinois, until her death at almost 27 years old, euthanized due to deteriorating condition caused by a tumor in 2006. Several live measurements and post mortem measurement.[7][101]
  • "Hexxie" a captive Burmese python (Python bivittatus) female♀ 5.48 m (18.0 ft), 110 kg (240 lb) and still growing; "Hexxie" lives in a terraced house in Tewkesbury, Gloucestershire, England, with owner Marcus Hobbs.[102][103][104]
  • Wild-caught non-native (invasive) Burmese python (Python bivittatus) female♀ 5.39 m (17.7 ft), 98 kg (216 lb) and measured 64 cm (25 in) in diameter; She was carrying 122 developing eggs. Caught by a team of biologists in Everglades, Florida, 22 June 2022.[18][19][20][21]
  • Wild-caught non-native (invasive) Burmese python (Python bivittatus) male♂ 5.23 m (17.2 ft), 94 kg (207 lb) and measured 66 cm (26 in) in diameter; caught by Okeechobee Veterinary Hospital, Florida, 31 July 2009.[22][23][24]
  • Wild-caught non-native (invasive) Burmese python (Python bivittatus) female♀ 5.72 m (18.8 ft), 47.2 kg (104 lb); caught in Miami-Dade County, Florida, 2 October 2020.[105][106][107]
  • Wild-caught non-native (invasive) Burmese python (Python bivittatus) female♀ 5.68 m (18.6 ft), 58.1 kg (128 lb); caught in Miami-Dade County, Florida, 11 May 2012. Intact specimen measured post mortem by University of Florida.[108][109][110]
  • Wild-caught non-native (invasive) Burmese python (Python bivittatus) female♀ 5.56 m (18.2 ft), 60.3 kg (133 lb); caught by University of Florida wildlife biologist in Miami-Dade County, Florida, 9 July 2015. Intact specimen measured post mortem by University of Florida.[111][112][113][101]
  • Wild-caught non-native (invasive) Burmese python (Python bivittatus) female♀ 4.57 m (15.0 ft), 65.3 kg (144 lb); caught by Nicholas Banos and Leonardo Sanchez, Everglades, Florida, 1 April 2017.[114][115][116][117]
  • Wild-caught non-native (invasive) Burmese python (Python bivittatus) female♀ 5.2 m (17 ft), 63.5 kg (140 lb); she was carrying 73 developing eggs. Caught by Big Cypress National Preserve, Florida, 7 April 2019.[118][119][120]

Reticulated pythons:

[edit]
  • "Medusa" a captive reticulated python (Malayopython reticulatus) female♀ 7.67 m (25.2 ft) 158.8 kg (350 lb); "Medusa" is kept at the Edge of Hell haunted house attraction in Kansas City, Missouri, and was last officially measured in 2011.[30][121]
  • "Samantha" a captive (originally wild-caught near Samarinda, Borneo, as an already very large adult) reticulated python (Malayopython reticulatus) female♀ 7.92 m (26.0 ft), somewhat reliable in 2002[34][35]
  • "Fluffy" a captive reticulated python (Malayopython reticulatus) female♀ 7.3 m (24 ft) 136 kg (300 lb); "Fluffy" was last officially measured live on 30 September 2009, and died at the Columbus Zoo and Aquarium in Powell, Ohio, on 26 October 2010, due to an apparent tumor. She was 18 years old. 24 feet confirmed when measured at death.[33][30]
  • "Colossus", a captive reticulated python (Maylayopython reticulatus) male♂, skeletal measurement 6.35 m (20.8 ft) 133.7 kg (295 lb); "Colossus" was kept at the Highland Park Zoo in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, died in April 1963, and the body was deposited at the Carnegie Museum.[7]
  • "Twinkie" a captive reticulated python (Malayopython reticulatus) female♀ 7 m (23 ft 0 in) 156 kg (344 lb); "Twinkie" found sanctuary in the 2014 Guinness World Records book as the world's largest albino python in captivity. She was a fixture at The Reptile Zoo in Fountain Valley, CA.[31][32]
  • "Super Snake", a captive reticulated python (Malayopython reticulatus) 14-year-old female♀ 7 m (23 ft), 115 kg (254 lb); "Super Snake" is kept at the National Aquarium in Al Qana, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.[36][37][38]
  • Wild-caught reticulated python (Malayopython reticulatus) Female♀ 7.5 m (25 ft) adjusted post-mortem measurement, unreliable, originally measured alive at 8 m (26 ft) unreliably, using an unknown method, 250 kg (550 lb) – estimated weight upon capture, unreliable; caught 7 April 2016, Paya Terubong district, Penang Island, Malaysia. Died 10 April 2016.[122][123][124]
  • Wild-caught reticulated python (Malayopython reticulatus) unknown sex 7.8 m (26 ft), unverified; Was killed on 5 October 2017, Pekanbaru, Indonesia.[125][126][127]
  • Wild-caught reticulated python (Malayopython reticulatus) unknown sex 6 m (20 ft), 80 kg (180 lb); Probably, this is largest snake in Phuket in last decade. Caught by Ruamjai Rescue Foundation, 18 December 2014, Phuket, Thailand.[128][129][130]

Australian scrub pythons:

[edit]
  • "Maximus" a captive scrub python (Simalia kinghorni) male♂ 5.1 m (17 ft), 25 kg (55 lb), at the peak weighed about 27 kg (60 lb), when he was last weighed and measured in 2008; "Maximus" is believed to be the largest Australian native snake in captivity. He is kept at the Currumbin Wildlife Sanctuary on the Gold Coast, Queensland.[131][132]
  • Wild-caught scrub python (Simalia kinghorni) unknown sex 5 m (16 ft), 28 kg (62 lb); caught by Machans Beach in Cairns, Queensland, 14 November 2017.[133][134]
  • Wild-caught scrub python (Simalia kinghorni) unknown sex 5.1 m (17 ft), 27 kg (60 lb); caught by Speewah in Mareeba, Queensland, unknown date.[135]
  • Wild-caught scrub pythons (Simalia kinghorni) unknown sex Both of were more 5 m (16 ft 5 in) (Second caught as stated measuring 5.1 m (16 ft 9 in) long and 27 kg (60 lb) in weight); caught by Speewah in Mareeba, Queensland, 24 October 2016.[136][137]
  • Wild-caught scrub python (Simalia kinghorni) unknown sex 5.2 m (17 ft), 22 kg (49 lb); caught by Speewah in Mareeba, Queensland, 6 February 2017.[138][139][140]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. 1 2 Mehrtens, John (1987). Living Snakes of the World. New York: Sterling. ISBN 0-8069-6461-8.
  2. ↑ "ITIS – Report: Simalia oenpelliensis". www.itis.gov.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Murphy, J. C.; Henderson, R. W. (1997). Tales of Giant Snakes: A Historical Natural History of Anacondas and Pythons. Krieger Pub. Co. pp. 2, 19, 37, 42, 55–56. ISBN 0-89464-995-7.
  4. ↑ Rarest Python in the World. SnakeBytesTV. 18 December 2013. Retrieved 4 February 2016.
  5. ↑ Breeding plan aims to save snakes. ABC News (Australia). 29 March 2012. Retrieved 4 February 2016.
  6. ↑ Smith, Deborah (20 June 2012). "Snakes alive – if only he'd been seeing double". Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 9 February 2016.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Barker, David G.; Barten, Stephen L.; Ehrsam, Jonas P.; Daddono, Louis (2012). "The Corrected Lengths of Two Well-known Giant Pythons and the Establishment of a new Maximum Length Record for Burmese Pythons, Python bivittatus" (PDF). Bull. Chicago Herp. Soc. 47 (1): 1–6. Retrieved 4 February 2016.
  8. ↑ Gordon, David George, "The Search for the $50,000 Snake". MSN Encarta. Archived 31 October 2009.
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 Fredriksson, G. M. (2005). "Predation on Sun Bears by Reticulated Python in East Kalimantan, Indonesian Borneo". Raffles Bulletin of Zoology. 53 (1): 165–168. Retrieved 4 February 2016.
  10. 1 2 "Green anacondas: Eunectes murinus". National Geographic. 10 September 2010. Archived from the original on 4 February 2010. Retrieved 4 February 2016.
  11. 1 2 "Sucuri de 170 quilos é morta a tiros ao tentar engolir porco no Acre" (in Brazilian Portuguese). Rio Verde MS. 16 February 2013.
  12. 1 2 "The size of the Anaconda (Eunectes murinus)". WildFact Forum. 15 October 2024. page 15. Retrieved 19 July 2025.
  13. ↑ "Reptilarium Larzac". Reptilarium Larzac. Retrieved 19 July 2025.
  14. ↑ "The size of the Anaconda (Eunectes murinus) – page 13". WildFact Forum. page 13. Retrieved 19 July 2025.
  15. 1 2 3 4 Rivas, Jesús Antonio (2000). The life history of the green anaconda (Eunectes murinus), with emphasis on its reproductive Biology (PDF) (Ph.D. thesis). University of Tennessee. pp. 7, 36 (esp. Table 3-1), 74–80 (esp. Table 5-1), 111. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 4 February 2016.
  16. ↑ Rivas, J.A.; Terra, J.S.; Roosen, M.; Champagne, P.S.; Leite‑Pitman, R.; De La Quintana, P.; Mancuso, M.; Pacheco, L.F.; Burghardt, G.M.; Vonk, F.J.; García‑Pérez, J.E.; Fry, B.G.; Corey‑Rivas, S. (2024). "Description of the Northern Green Anaconda (Eunectes akayima sp. nov. Serpentes; Boidae): What Is in a Name?". Diversity. 16 (7): 418. Bibcode:2024Diver..16..418R. doi:10.3390/d16070418.
  17. ↑ Wood, Gerald L. (1982). The Guinness Book of Animal Facts and Feats (3 ed.). London: Guinness Superlatives. ISBN 0-85112-235-3. The Guinness book of animal facts and feats at the Internet Archive.
  18. 1 2 "Florida nabs largest python ever found in state". BBC. 23 June 2022. Retrieved 29 June 2022.
  19. 1 2 "Portly python: heaviest-ever snake captured in Florida tips scales at 215lbs". The Guardian. 23 June 2022. Retrieved 29 June 2022.
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  76. ↑ Dirksen, L.; Henderson, R. W. (2002). "Eunectes deschauenseei". Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles. Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles. doi:10.15781/T2707WS99.
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  89. ↑ Santos-Bibiano, Rufino; Florentino Melchior, Laura I.; Beltrán-Sánchez, Elizabeth; Méndez-de la Cruz, Fausto R. (2016). "Rena maxima (Giant Blindsnake). Clutch size and maximum length". Mesoamerican Herpetology 3 (2): 503-504.
  90. ↑ Gaboon Viper, Bitis gabonica. California Academy of Sciences
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  94. ↑ "The size of the Anaconda (Eunectes murinus)". WildFact forum. c. 2014.
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  98. ↑ "Norges største slange er død" (in Norwegian). Agder Press (via NRK). 22 January 2025.
  99. ↑ Jones, Dustin (13 July 2023). "A record-breaking Burmese python — as long as a giraffe is tall — caught in Florida". NPR.
  100. ↑ Price, Mark (15 July 2023). "Huge python wrestled by hunters at 1 a.m. sets Florida record. 'It was a fight'". Miami Herald.
  101. 1 2 Murphy, J. C.; Crutchfield, T. (2019). Giant Snakes: A Natural History. book services. pp. 32, 33. ISBN 978-1-64516-232-2.
  102. ↑ "Meet Hexxie - she could be the biggest Burmese python in the world and she lives in a terraced house in Tewkesbury". Gloucestershirelive.co.uk. 9 November 2019. Retrieved 15 June 2022.
  103. ↑ "Are you living next door to the world's biggest Burmese python?". Itv.com. 12 November 2019. Retrieved 15 June 2022.
  104. ↑ "Meet the dad who keeps world's biggest python inside his terraced Cotswolds home". Birminghammail.co.uk. 11 November 2019. Retrieved 15 June 2022.
  105. ↑ Georgiou, Aristos (9 October 2020). "Enormous Burmese python caught in Florida is largest ever found in state". Newsweek.
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  107. ↑ "Massive 18-foot python wraps around hunter during capture in Florida Everglades". Fox13news.com. 9 October 2020. Retrieved 16 June 2022.
  108. ↑ "National Geographic Society Newsroom". Archived from the original on 25 April 2021. Retrieved 25 April 2021.
  109. ↑ "18-foot-8-inch python caught in South Florida". Associated Press. 20 May 2013. Archived from the original on 25 April 2021. Retrieved 25 April 2021 – via The Florida Times-Union.
  110. ↑ "Record-setting python killed by knife-wielding Miami man". Tampa Bay Times. 20 May 2013.
  111. ↑ Staletovich, Jenny (30 July 2015). "Near-record python bagged at Everglades National Park". Miami Herald. Retrieved 30 November 2021.
  112. ↑ Berenson, Tessa (30 July 2015). "This 18-Foot Python Was Captured in the Florida Everglades". Time. Retrieved 1 December 2021.
  113. ↑ "18-Foot Python Captured in Florida Everglades". NBC News. 29 July 2015.
  114. ↑ "144-pound, 15-foot python captured by Florida snake hunters". Daytondailynews.com. 5 April 2017. Retrieved 1 August 2022.
  115. ↑ "Python hunters capture 15-foot snake in Florida Everglades". Foxnews.com. 4 April 2017. Retrieved 1 August 2022.
  116. ↑ "Snake fan hunts pythons in Florida to save other critters". Providencejournal.com. 5 May 2017. Retrieved 1 August 2022.
  117. ↑ "Python hunters take on Florida Everglades' snake problem". Cbsnews.com. 17 May 2017. Retrieved 1 August 2022.
  118. ↑ Mettler, K. "A 17-foot, 140-pound python was captured in a Florida park. Officials say it's a record". The Washington Post. Retrieved 13 August 2022.
  119. ↑ Agius, Ritianne (8 April 2019). "Record 5.2 metre-long Python caught in Florida – it carried 73 eggs". Tvmnews.mt. Retrieved 13 August 2022.
  120. ↑ "Record 5.2m-long python caught in Florida carrying 73 eggs". Nine.com.au. Retrieved 13 August 2022.
  121. ↑ Meier, Travis (17 October 2019). "Medusa, the world record-holding python, celebrates 15th birthday at KC's 'The Edge of Hell'". Fox 4 News WDAF-TV.
  122. ↑ Geggel, Laura (12 April 2016). "World's Longest Snake Dies 3 Days After Being Captured". Live Science.
  123. ↑ "'Longest-ever' captured python dies in Malaysia". BBC News. 11 April 2016.
  124. ↑ "Giant python found on Malaysian building site". Phys.org. 12 April 2016.
  125. ↑ "Giant python: Indonesians eat huge snake after man defeats reptile". BBC News. 5 October 2017. Retrieved 15 June 2022.
  126. ↑ "Villagers Defeated 7.8 Metre Python, Then Whole Village Ate The Snake". Ndtv.com. Retrieved 15 June 2022.
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  128. ↑ "Phuket finds biggest python in 10 yrs". Bangkok Post. Phuket News. 19 December 2014. Retrieved 14 August 2022.
  129. ↑ "Monster Phuket python caught, decade record set". Thethaiger.com. Legacy Phuket Gazette. 18 December 2014. Retrieved 14 August 2022.
  130. ↑ "Monster Phuket Python Caught, A Six Metre Record". Huahintoday.com. 27 December 2014. Retrieved 14 August 2022.
  131. ↑ "Python Maximus stretches out to 5.1 metres". ABC News. 29 March 2011. Retrieved 24 June 2022.
  132. ↑ "Country's biggest snake Maximum loses weight". Adelaidenow.com.au. Retrieved 24 June 2022.
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  134. ↑ "Pythons running a-fowl of residents by raiding chicken". Cairnspost.com.au. Retrieved 24 June 2022.
  135. ↑ "5.5m Scrub Python in Speewah". Cairnssnakecatcher.com.au. 20 August 2018. Retrieved 16 June 2022.
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  137. ↑ "Two monster scrub pythons caught in Speewah near Cairns in two days". The Cairns Post. 23 October 2016. Retrieved 24 June 2022.
  138. ↑ "Huge scrub python tries its luck at 'duck buffet' on Queensland property". Au.news.yahoo.com. 29 March 2018. Retrieved 24 June 2022.
  139. ↑ George-Allen, Sam (21 November 2017). "Wet QLD Weather Means Snakes Are Keen To Move Into Your House (Yes, Yours)". Pedestrian.tv. Retrieved 24 June 2022.
  140. ↑ "Big Python Vs Hot Chocolate…(the duck)". Cairnssnakecatcher.com.au. 20 August 2018. Retrieved 24 June 2022.
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