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Lohot

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Lohot, also spelt Loholt and other variants, is an Arthurian legend character loosely based on the mysterious figure of Llacheu, one of the sons of King Arthur in the original Welsh Arthurian tradition. Depending on the text, he is either Arthur's legitimate son or an illegitimate one. His story also varies greatly, as does his prominence.

Variant spellings

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Lohot is spelt in many different ways in the literature, including Goholt, Gloho[u]t, Gloot, Hoot, Loheant, Loheaut, Lohos, Lohoth, Loho[u]s, Lohout, Loholz[e], Lohoz, Lohoot, Lohoth, Lohut, Lohût.[1][2][3][4]

Legend

[edit]

Lohot's story varies greatly, as does his prominence. He appears as the (legitimate son or an illegitimate) son of King Arthur and his wife Queen Guinevere in some early continental romances, first in Chrétien's Erec.[3] In Perlesvaus, the sleeping Lohot is treacherously murdered by Arthur's foster-brother Kay so that the latter can take credit for the slaying of Logrin the giant, and his murder causes Guinevere to die of sorrow.[5]

In Lanzelet, Loüt (Lôût,[6] Lont/Lant[3]) is said to be the most renowned young knight who eventually accompanied Arthur "into a country whence the Bretons still expect both of them evermore" (i.e. Avalon).[7] As son of Arthur named Ilinot (Elinot),[8] he is referenced as Guinevere's deceased son in Garel by Der Pleier, where he has been killed in the service of his beloved who then herself died of grief.[9] As Illinot, he similarly dies in Parzival, where she is named Florie.[10]

His background is markedly different in the French cyclical prose tradition. In the Vulgate Cycle's variant Livre d'Artus, Lohot is Arthur's bastard son by Lady Lyzianor, daughter of Earl Sevain, from the tryst magically arranged by Merlin.[11] He dies in a tower fire as a baby while in Guinevere's care. In the mainstream Vulgate Lancelot, Lohot is a son of Arthur and Lisanor.[12] He dies from illness as a young knight, shortly after having been rescued from his captivity in the Dolorous Prison by Lancelot.[11] This is inconsistent with his Perlesvaus-like treacherous death at Kay's hand mentioned in the Vulgate Merlin-Continuation.[13]

Thomas Malory's compilation Le Morte d'Arthur includes his character but in a suppressed version.[14] Le Morte d'Arthur has the Vulgate Lancelot version of Lohot renamed first as Borre (or Bohart)[15] and later as "Boarte le Cure Hardy"[16] ("the Strong Heart"), without any mention of his death. His mother is Dame Lionors (Lyonors), daughter of Earl Sanam.[17]

The Livre de Lancelot del Lac part of Micheau Gonnot's Arthurian Compilation instead suggests that he was the son of the sorceress Camille who abducted and seduced Arthur.[18] The standalone romance Sagramor not only conflates Lisanor's son from the Vulgate with Sagramor but even has him ascend the throne of Britain after the demise of Arthur.[19]

Modern culture

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  • Newman Howard's "A Ballad of Sir Kay" (in Collected Poems, 1913) tells of "Kay's cowardly attack on Lohot, and the consequences of that deed."[20]
  • One of the main storylines in Dorothy Roberts' novel Kinsmen of the Grail (1963) follows Gawain trying to discover what happened to Loholt.[20][21]

See also

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References

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  1. ↑ Flutre, Louis-Fernand (1962). Table des noms propres avec toutes leurs variantes figurant dans les romans du Moyen Âge - écrits en français ou en provençal - et actuellement publiés ou analysés (in French). FeniXX. p. 123.
  2. ↑ Arthurian Romances trans. W. Kibler and C. W. Carroll (Harmondsworth, Penguin, 1991); The High Book of the Grail: A translation of the thirteenth century romance of Perlesvaus trans. N. Bryant (Brewer, 1996); Lancelot-Grail: The Old French Arthurian Vulgate and Post-Vulgate in Translation trans. N. J. Lacy (New York: Garland, 1992–96), 5 volumes.
  3. 1 2 3 Tichelaar, Tyler R. (31 January 2010). "Chapter 3: Llacheu". King Arthur's Children: A Study in Fiction and Tradition. Loving Healing Press. ISBN 978-1-61599-066-5.
  4. ↑ Türlin, Heinrich von dem (1 April 2000). Die Krone (Verse 1-12281): Nach der Handschrift 2779 der Österreichischen Nationalbibliothek (in German). Walter de Gruyter. ISBN 978-3-11-092974-4.
  5. ↑ Gowans, Linda (1988). Cei and the Arthurian Legend. Boydell & Brewer. ISBN 978-0-85991-261-7.
  6. ↑ Richey, Margaret Fitzgerald (1950). "The German Contribution to the Matter of Britain, with Special Reference to the Legend of King Arthur and the Table Round". Medium Ævum. 19: 26–42. doi:10.2307/43626376. ISSN 0025-8385.
  7. ↑ Tichelaar, Tyler R. (2010). King Arthur's Children: A Study in Fiction and Tradition. Loving Healing Press. ISBN 978-1-61599-066-5.
  8. ↑ Steinmeyer, Elias; Schroeder, Edward; Roethe, Gustav (1896). Anzeiger für deutsches Alterthum und deutsche Literatur (in German). Weidmannsche Buchhandlung.
  9. ↑ Pleier, Der (2019). The Pleier's Arthurian Romances: Garel of the Blooming Valley, Tandareis and Floribel, Meleranz. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-429-51508-8.
  10. ↑ Schotte, Manuela (2009). Christen, Heiden und der Gral: die Heidendarstellung als Instrument der Rezeptionslenkung in den mittelhochdeutschen Gralromanen des 13. Jahrhunderts (in German). Peter Lang. ISBN 978-3-631-57845-2.
  11. 1 2 Guerin, M. Victoria (1995). The Fall of Kings and Princes: Structure and Destruction in Arthurian Tragedy. Stanford University Press. ISBN 9780804722902.
  12. ↑ Sommer, Heinrich Oskar (1916). The Vulgate Version of the Arthurian Romances. Carnegie Institution of Washington. p. 57.
  13. ↑ "A Welsh classical dictionary" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 December 2022.
  14. ↑ Rushton, Cory (2004). "Absent Fathers, Unexpected Sons: Paternity in Malory's "Morte Darthur"". Studies in Philology. 101 (2): 136–152. ISSN 0039-3738.
  15. ↑ Karr, Phyllis Ann (1997). The Arthurian Companion: The Legendary World of Camelot and the Round Table. Chaosium. ISBN 978-1-56882-096-5.
  16. ↑ Conlee, John (1 September 1998). Prose Merlin. Medieval Institute Publications. ISBN 978-1-58044-416-3.
  17. ↑ Bruce, Christopher W. (1999). The Arthurian Name Dictionary. Taylor & Francis. p. 320. ISBN 978-0-8153-2865-0.
  18. ↑ Tichelaar, Tyler R. (2010). King Arthur's Children: A Study in Fiction and Tradition. Loving Healing Press. ISBN 978-1-61599-066-5.
  19. ↑ Morris, Rosemary (1982). The Character of King Arthur in Medieval Literature. Boydell & Brewer. ISBN 978-0-85991-088-0.
  20. 1 2 Howey, Ann F.; Reimer, Stephen Ray (2006). A Bibliography of Modern Arthuriana (1500-2000). Boydell & Brewer. ISBN 978-1-84384-068-8.
  21. ↑ Tabler, Dave (28 December 2020). "Historical romance writer retells Arthurian legends". Appalachian History. Retrieved 20 September 2026.
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