// Workers AI · dad joke modeWhat did Wakoná say to Wakoná? Nothing, it's a dead language.
| Wakoná | |
|---|---|
| Aconã | |
| Native to | Brazil |
| Region | Alagoas |
| Ethnicity | 500-1,000 Aconã (1995) |
| Extinct | mid-1970s[1] |
unclassified | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | waf |
| Glottolog | wako1235 |
Wakoná (Aconã) is an extinct language of eastern Brazil, formerly spoken by the Aconã people.[2][3] The Aconã are one of the ethnic components of the Xukuru-Kariri people.[4] The dispersed ethnic population numbered an estimated 500 to 1,000 in 1995.
Geographical distribution
[edit]Wakoná was originally spoken around Lagoa Comprida and in Penedo.[5] Loukotka (1968) reported that the remaining ethnic descendants who speak only Portuguese could be found in the city of Porto Real do Colégio.[5] They lived near Palmeira dos Índios according to Meader (1978).[6]
Vocabulary
[edit]Meader (1978)
[edit]Five Xukuru-Kariri word lists collected by Menno Kroeker in Alagoas in 1961 are published in Meader (1978).[6]
Words recorded from an elderly male pajé (shaman) in Porto Real do Colégio:
Portuguese gloss
(original)English gloss
(translated)Xukuru-Kariri chuva rain sèhóɩdzˈɛ̀ʔà fumo smoke bˈázè lua moon kˈriũavi mandioca manioc gˈrïgɔ menino boy semˈentiais mulher woman spˈikwais rio river oːpˈara sol sun kràšùtˈó terra earth aːtsɩhˈi vento wind mə̀núsˈi batata potato dˈódsákà cachimbo smoking pipe catʔokə Colégio (cidade) Colégio (city) simidˈo deus God sõsˈeh dinheiro money mɛrɛkiˈa farinha flour tˈónà feijão bean nˈódsákà gado cattle krˈazɔ galinha chicken cáːkìʔ luz light kápˈòèr ovelha sheep sábˈòèR peru turkey brɛfˈɛlia porco pig korˈe soldado soldier òlˈófò
Words recorded from Alfredo Caboquim, a pajé (shaman), and his brother Miguel Caboquim in Fazenda Conta, Palmeira dos Índios, Alagoas:
Portuguese gloss
(original)English gloss
(translated)Xukuru-Kariri carne de boi beef ˈbeiñõ chuva rain šualya dê-me fogo para o cigarro Give me fire for the cigarette. àòšˈínòʔ ìnˈísìà sˈèdàià lua / moça moon / girl seːya mãe mother isá milho corn matˈilya não (mentira) no (lie) eːyo nariz nose nˈəmbi pai dad étfˈɛ̀ anzol fish hook èáyˈɔ̀ / alyɔ (?) batata potato dˈotsakə bebida de mandioca manioc drink gúlížˈɔ̀ (gálížˈɔ̀) bode goat filˈisakə boi ox léfétˈìa cachorro dog it(ə)lˈo cachorro de brinquedo toy dog ìt(ə)lˈó tə̀núnšweˈì dança indígena indigenous dance áʔálˈèndà deus God àʔúdéódályˈà estrangeiro foreigner, stranger kóbˈè farinha flour tititsia feijão bean nˈatsakə folga dos índios indigenous holiday arikulilyˈa / kèːšátíkáˈya (?) fumando cachimbo to smoke a pipe puèpùˈa galinha chicken sˈetˈáduàlyà gato cat atašeškia índia indigenous woman sétsˈòníká lagarto lizard šˈua atˈežo / tˈeyu (?) mulato mulatto mulatι̃nkya negro black person tùpíə̃̀nkyà padre father ĩŋklaˈišoa (pausa) – considerando as palavras pause (when thinking of words) ə̃hə̃ peru turkey aotˈisakə porco pig àːlˈé praia (?) beach (?) práiˈà quarto de homem men's quarters subεbˈe como vai? How are you? àkàkˈáumà vou bem, obrigado I am fine, thank you. íkàkˈə́ senhor sir ˈĩŋklai vamos embora Let's go. òːšˈóuà homem mais velho older man tošˈa / aošιnə̃ŋklainšoa taškiˈa
Words recorded from an elderly farmer in Fazenda Conta, Palmeira dos Índios, Alagoas:
Portuguese gloss
(original)English gloss
(translated)Xukuru-Kariri água water oiyˈa carne de boi beef aòtˈísiə̀ fogo fire tóˈè aguardente aguardente kóšákˈà bode goat sákúlˈɛ̀, sákúlˈègò bonito beautiful atilišˈĩ brancos white people ə̃́nkláʔˈì cabelo crespo (de negro) curly hair (of black people) tuʔˈĩ café coffee tópˈì cigarro cigarette àlísíˈàx índio indigenous man / person sɛ́tsˈò mãe de Jesus mother of Jesus (Virgin Mary) kwə́ntópˈə̃̀ atoayˈə negra black man (i)atuayˈa negro black woman túpíyˈà porco pig šíə̃̀ntì tatu armadillo rṍmpˈə̀tì
Words recorded from João Candido da Silva, a young farmer in Fazenda Conta, Palmeira dos Índios, Alagoas. Silva was not Indigenous himself but his wife was a Xukuru cabocla.[7]
Portuguese gloss
(original)English gloss
(translated)Xukuru-Kariri fumo smoke šíšúˈà dança dance arikurˈi deus God dédùˈá / íŋklàˈíx / sɛtisoadažui
Words recorded from José Fermino da Silva of Palmeira dos Índios, Alagoas:
Portuguese gloss
(original)English gloss
(translated)Xukuru-Kariri água water óiyˈàh fogo para o cigarro fire for cigarette tòˈéh asendendisi / tòˈéh pàrə̀nsˈíáx batata potato dˈótsákà branco white person kràiʔˈé caboclo caboclo sǽtsˈùx cachimbo smoking pipe pua / pue deus God dèdˈúa feijão bean nˈótsákà negra black kòbˈéh obrigado thank you bèréˈɔ́ pau (claraíba) claraíba tree frˈéžɔ̀ìž pau (d'arco) Tabebuia tree paìpˈɛ́
References
[edit]- ↑ Wakoná at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022)
- ↑ Ministério Publico Federal - http://www.mpf.mp.br/. "Indígenas Aconã recebem FPI do São Francisco com a dança sagrada do Toré, em Traipu". MPF (in Brazilian Portuguese). Archived from the original on 2024-05-22. Retrieved 2025-04-11.
{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ↑ editorfpi (2024-05-10). "Indígenas Aconã recebem FPI AL com a dança sagrada do Toré" (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 2025-04-11.
- ↑ "Xukuru-Kariri - Povos Indígenas no Brasil". pib.socioambiental.org. 2018-07-13. Retrieved 2026-06-02.
- 1 2 Loukotka, Čestmír (1968). Classification of South American Indian languages. Los Angeles: UCLA Latin American Center.
- 1 2 Meader, Robert E. (1978). Indios do Nordeste: Levantamento sobre os remanescentes tribais do nordeste brasileiro (PDF) (in Portuguese). Brasilia: SIL International. Archived from the original on 2024-10-08. Retrieved 2020-01-23.
- ↑ "WAKONA-KAR RI- X-UKURU" (PDF). Etnolinguistica.wdfiles.com. 1973. Retrieved 2026-07-29.
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