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Hashim Thaçi

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(Redirected from Hashim Thaqi)

Hashim Thaçi
Official portrait, 2016
President of Kosovo
In office
7 April 2016 – 5 November 2020
Prime Minister
Preceded byAtifete Jahjaga
Succeeded byVjosa Osmani (acting)
Minister of Foreign Affairs
In office
12 December 2014 – 7 April 2016
Prime MinisterIsa Mustafa
Preceded byEnver Hoxhaj
Succeeded byEnver Hoxhaj
Prime Minister of Kosovo
In office
9 January 2008 – 9 December 2014
President
Deputy
Preceded byAgim Çeku
Succeeded byIsa Mustafa
In office
2 April 1999 – 1 February 2000
Serving with Bujar Bukoshi (in opposition)
PresidentIbrahim Rugova
Preceded byBujar Bukoshi
Succeeded byHimself[a]
Representative in the Interim Administrative Council
In office
15 December 1999 – 4 March 2002
SRSG
Preceded byHimself[b]
Succeeded byBajram Rexhepi[c]
Leader of the Democratic Party
In office
27 October 1999 – 26 February 2016
Preceded byOffice established
Succeeded byKadri Veseli
Political Director of Kosovo Liberation Army
In office
March 1999 – June 1999
Preceded byAdem Demaçi
Succeeded byOffice abolished
Personal details
Born (1968-04-24) 24 April 1968 (age 58)
Srbica, SAP Kosovo, SR Serbia, SFR Yugoslavia
(now Skenderaj, Kosovo)
PartyIndependent (2016‍–‍present)
Other political
affiliations
SpouseLumnije Thaçi
Children1
Education
Signature
Military service
AllegianceKosovo Liberation Army Kosovo Liberation Army
Service years
1993–1999
RankCommander
Battles/warsGlogovac attack

Hashim Thaçi[d] (born 24 April 1968) is a Kosovan politician who was the first prime minister of Kosovo (2008–2014) and the foreign minister and deputy prime minister (2014–2016) in the cabinet led by Isa Mustafa. He also served as president of Kosovo from 2016 until his resignation in 2020.

Thaçi is from the region of Drenica in Kosovo, which is where the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) originated. He studied philosophy in Pristina before moving to Switzerland, where he joined the KLA in 1993. An Albanian nationalist, he rose through the ranks of the KLA to become leader of the most powerful faction by 1999, during the Rambouillet negotiations. He then joined the interim Kosovo administration after the war.

Thaçi became leader of the Democratic Party of Kosovo (PDK), which won the largest share of the vote in the 2007 Kosovo elections. In 2008, Thaçi read the declaration of independence of Kosovo and became its first prime minister. In 2016 he was elected president of Kosovo. Thaçi pursued a pro-American policy while in office.

In September 2026, Thaçi was convicted by the Kosovo Specialist Chambers' first instance Trial Panel of war crimes in the Kosovo War.[2][3] Thaçi's defence lawyers stated that they would appeal the decision.[4] In 2020, the Kosovo Specialist Chambers and Specialist Prosecutor's Office in The Hague filed a ten-count indictment against Thaçi and others, charging them with crimes against humanity and war crimes.[5] To face these charges, Thaçi resigned from the presidency, stating that he did so to "protect the integrity of the presidency of Kosovo".[6][7] He was arrested and pleaded not guilty to all charges.[8] His trial opened in April 2023. The Specialist Prosecutor's Office sought a sentence of 45 years imprisonment for war crimes and persecution of Serb and Roma minorities.[9] In September 2026, he was convicted and sentenced to 25 years in prison for war crimes[10][11] including the murder of 96 people and the torture of 303 people. The Trial Panel found Thaçi not guilty of crimes against humanity.[3]

There have been controversies regarding Thaçi's role in the KLA and allegations about him being involved in organized crime.[12][13][14]

Early life and education

[edit]

Hashim Thaçi was born on 24 April 1969 in the village of Burojë, Skenderaj, SFR Yugoslavia (now Kosovo).[15][16] His family comes from the Thaçi tribe.[17] Skenderaj is located in the Drenica valley, a region historically resistant to Serbian rule.[18] Drenica would become the birthplace of the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) in the early 1990s.[18]

Thaçi studied philosophy and history at the University of Pristina.[18] By 1993, he was living in Switzerland, where he joined the Albanian political émigré group. He registered for postgraduate studies at the University of Zürich in the departments of history and international relations, achieving a master's degree.[19][20]

As a young man, Thaçi joined the People's Movement of Kosovo (LPK), an underground group committed to overthrowing the Yugoslav government that had been historically financed and ideologically shaped by the regime of Albania's former dictator, Enver Hoxha.[21]

Role in KLA

[edit]

In 1993, Thaçi became a member of the inner circle of the KLA. The charisma of leaders such as Thaçi helped the KLA gain support from Kosovo Albanians.[22] On 22 May 1993, together with Ilaz Kodra, Thaçi led an attack in Glogovac against Serbian police. The attack was a victory for the KLA; five officers were killed and two were injured.[23]

Thaçi (nom de guerre "Gjarpëri" − The Snake)[24][25] was responsible for securing financial means and armaments, and training recruits in Albania to be dispatched to Kosovo.[citation needed] On 11 July 1997, Thaçi was tried in absentia and convicted by the district court in Pristina for terrorism associated with his activities in the KLA, and sentenced to 10 years in prison.[26]

Thaçi participated in the Battle of Rezalla, the KLA's first major battle, which occurred on 25 November.[citation needed][when?] Many Yugoslav fighters were killed and their artillery and vehicles damaged after they were ambushed by KLA insurgents led by Adem Jashari. As a result, Yugoslav forces retreated to the village of Llausha where they shot two Albanian teachers who worked in the primary school of the village.[27]

In March 1999, Thaçi participated in the Rambouillet negotiations as the leader of the Kosovar Albanian team.[28] Thaçi was perceived by western diplomats during the negotiations as the "voice of reason" within the KLA; his attendance demonstrated a willingness to accept autonomy for Kosovo within Serbia at a time when other rebel leaders rejected any solution short of full national independence.[28]

Thaçi emerged from the final diplomatic settlement as the leader of the strongest faction within a KLA rife with factionalism. He moved quickly to consolidate power, unilaterally naming himself prime minister within a provisional government and allegedly ordering the assassination of the leaders of rival armed factions.[29][30]

Organized crime allegations

[edit]

Thaçi was alleged of having extensive criminal links.[31][12]: 211–212 [13][14] During his time as head of the Kosovo Liberation Army, The Washington Times reported that the KLA was financing its activities by trafficking heroin and cocaine into western Europe.[32] The KLA received an estimated $75–100 million from the Albanian diaspora in Europe and the United States.[22] There is a possibility that among donors to the KLA were people involved in illegal activities such as drug trafficking; however, insufficient evidence exists to prove direct KLA involvement.[22]

The BBC reported in 2000 that Thaçi was allegedly central to the criminal activities of the Kosovo Protection Corps (KPC), who reportedly extorted money from businessmen under the guise of "taxes" for his self-appointed government.[33] While the KLA was officially disbanded at the end of armed conflict in Kosovo in 1999, the new Kosovo Protection Corps was composed primarily of former KLA fighters and the Democratic Party of Kosovo (PDK). The party was formed largely from the political leadership of the KLA. A near monopoly on the means of force, based on the absorption of the KLA into the KPC, allowed the Democratic Party of Kosovo to seize control of the machinery of government at the municipal level.[33] The PDK regularly used violence and intimidation of political rivals to maintain local political control and protect criminal enterprises that depend upon cooperation from friendly local authorities.[34]

In 2001, the Democratic Party of Kosovo suffered electoral defeat in the first free elections in the province in 2001. The BBC said at the time, "The tumbling reputation of the former KLA was to have a disastrous effect on the PDK because of the perceived overlap between its political leadership and post-KLA organised crime."[35]

A 2008 analysis of organised crime in Kosovo prepared by the German intelligence service BND and a confidential report contracted by the German military accused Thaçi, Ramush Haradinaj, and Xhavit Haliti, the majority leader of the Kosovo parliament, of far-reaching involvement in organised crime. The BND wrote: "The key players (including Haliti, Haradinaj, and Thaçi) are intimately involved in inter-linkages between politics, business, and organised crime structures in Kosovo."[36] The report accused Thaçi of leading a "criminal network operating throughout Kosovo" by the end of the 1990s.[36] The BND report accused Thaçi of having contacts with the Czech and Albanian mafias. It said that he, together with Haliti, ordered killings by a professional hit man, 'Afrimi', responsible for at least 11 contract murders.[36]

Thaçi has faced other accusations, such as the involvement in the lucrative heroin trade in the 1990s when officers of the Kosovo Liberation Army and their backers were moving staggering quantities of narcotics through an underworld network into Central Europe. Police had long suspected that illegal narcotics were fueling the revolt in Kosovo.[37]

A report to the Council of Europe, written by Dick Marty, issued on 15 December 2010[38] states that Hashim Thaçi was the leader of the "Drenica Group" in charge of trafficking organs taken from Serbian prisoners. As reported by several international,[39] Serbian,[40] Kosovan[41] and Albanian[42] news agencies, in an interview for Albanian television on 24 December 2010, Thaçi said he would publish information about Marty and Marty's collaborators' names.[citation needed]

BBC News reported having seen a draft of the Council of Europe document, and asserted that it named Thaçi "27 times in as many pages". They said the report charged the former KLA commanders with involvement in organized crime, including organ and drug trafficking.[38][43] In 2011, Marty clarified that his report implicated Thaçi's close associates but not Thaçi himself.[44]

Prime Minister of Kosovo

[edit]

Victory in 2007 election and declaration of Kosovar independence

[edit]
US president George W. Bush shakes hands with Kosovo president Fatmir Sejdiu (center) and Kosovo prime minister Hashim Thaçi (left) during a meeting in the White House on 21 July 2008, after Kosovo declared independence.

Elections were held in Kosovo on 17 November 2007. After early results based on 90 percent of the votes, Hashim Thaçi, who was on course to gain 34 percent, claimed victory for the PDK. He stated his intention to declare independence without delay on 10 December, the date set by the United Nations for the end of negotiations with Serbia. At 45 percent, turnout was particularly low, as most Serbs refused to vote.[45]

On 19 November 2007, several EU foreign ministers warned Thaçi and his allies against proceeding with their declaration of independence without consultations. Luxembourg's Jean Asselborn and Sweden's Carl Bildt urged the PDK not to make any hasty moves, while the EU foreign policy chief Javier Solana stressed the importance of proper preparations prior to formal independence. After EU talks on Kosovo in London on 19 November 2007, the UK's Europe minister, Jim Murphy, said independence without foreign support could isolate the breakaway province.[46]

Thaçi was designated as the next leader of Kosovo's government on 11 December 2007 by the Kosovar president Fatmir Sejdiu and told to form a government "as soon as possible". His Democratic Party of Kosovo (PDK) began coalition talks with the Democratic League of Kosovo (LDK) as well as the Alliance for New Kosovo (AKR). Those parties cumulatively controlled 75 of the assembly's 120 seats.[47]

On 9 January 2008, Thaçi was elected prime minister by parliament, with 85 votes in favor and 22 against. On this occasion, he stated his intention to achieve independence for Kosovo in the first half of 2008.[48]

On 16 February 2008, Thaçi announced that the next day would be key for "implementing the will of the citizens of Kosovo", strongly implying the province would declare independence from Serbia.[49] On 17 February, Kosovo declared its independence from Serbia. Thaçi became prime minister of the newly independent state.[50] On 6 June 2008, a gunman broke into Thaçi's home in Pristina. Thaçi was not in his home when the break-in occurred.[51]

Relationships and Coalition with the Democratic League of Kosovo

[edit]
Thaçi and Turkish prime minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, 3 November 2010
Thaçi and Albanian PM Sali Berisha at the opening of Kalimash tunnel
PositionPortfolioNameParty
Prime MinisterGeneral AffairsIsa MustafaLDK
First Deputy Prime Minister and MinisterForeign AffairsHashim ThaçiPDK
Deputy Prime Minister and MinisterCulture, Youth and SportsKujtim ShalaLDK
Deputy Prime MinisterNo PortfolioBranimir StojanovićSrpska
MinisterJusticeHajredin KuçiPDK
MinisterAdministration and Local Self-governmentLjubomir MarićSrpska
MinisterCommunities and ReturnsDalibor JevtićSrpska
MinisterPublic AdministrationMahir YağcılarKDTP
MinisterEducation, Science and TechnologyArsim BajramiPDK
MinisterFinancesAvdullah HotiLDK
MinisterDiasporaValon MuratiLB
MinisterAgriculture, Forestry and Rural DevelopmentMemli KrasniqiPDK
MinisterEuropean IntegrationBekim ÇollakuPDK
MinisterEconomic DevelopmentBlerand StavileciPDK
MinisterEnvironment and Spatial PlanningFerid AganiPD
MinisterInternal AffairsSkënder HyseniLDK
MinisterInfrastructureLutfi ZharkuLDK
MinisterTrade and IndustryHikmete BajramiLDK
MinisterHealthImet RrahmaniLDK
MinisterLabour and Social WelfareArban AbrashiLDK
MinisterSecurity ForceHaki DemolliLDK
MinisterNo PortfolioEdita TahiriADK
MinisterNo PortfolioRasim DemiriVakat

President of Kosovo

[edit]

2016 presidential election

[edit]

Thaçi was elected president of Kosovo in February 2016, and took office on 7 April 2016.[52] In August 2019, Thaçi asserted that his nation would hold parliamentary elections on 6 October. The president declared that the nation was in need of a "functional and accountable government" capable enough to face challenges of the state and society.[53]

Foreign policy

[edit]
Thaçi during the MSC 2018

In January 2018, Thaçi said that Kosovo would have supported U.S. president Donald Trump's decision to relocate the U.S. embassy from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem, which would have made it the only Muslim-majority nation to do so. Thaçi told Express that if his country was given full United Nations membership, it would vote "all the time" with the U.S., even on the resolution motioned last month to protest Trump's decision. Thaçi met with Trump on the sidelines of the United Nations General Assembly in September 2017 in New York, inviting him to visit Pristina, the capital of Kosovo. According to local media, he said their meeting was "exceptionally friendly, warm."[54]

"The Head of State thanked President Trump for his personal support for Kosovo," his office said in a statement, calling the U.S. a "strategic partner" and saying the support of Washington was "crucial to the peace, stability and overall development of Kosovo and the region." Thaçi told Pristina-based broadcaster RTV21, "President Trump, like all other U.S. presidents, has a clear vision for Kosovo. It is unique support to our country. He said that Kosovo is a wonderful country and that we are a wonderful people."[55]

On 26 November 2019, an earthquake struck Albania. President Thaçi was part of a presidential delegation that visited the earthquake epicentre and expressed his condolences on behalf of Kosovo.[56] In 2019 he met with Trump's special envoy Grenell, and in February 2020 signed an agreement with Serbia's president Vučić.[57]

Resignation and arrest

[edit]

On 24 April 2020, the Kosovo Specialist Chambers and Specialist Prosecutor's Office (KSC) located in The Hague filed a ten-count indictment for the court's consideration, charging Hashim Thaçi, Kadri Veseli and others for crimes against humanity and war crimes, including murder, enforced disappearance of persons, persecution, and torture.[58][59][60] The indictment charged the suspects with approximately 100 murders of Kosovo Albanians, Serbs, Roma, and political opponents.[58] According to the press release, the specialist prosecutor stated that it was necessary to make the issue public due to repeated efforts by Thaçi and Veseli to obstruct and undermine the Kosovo Specialist Chambers.[59] Thaçi was then on a diplomatic visit to the United States, but returned to Kosovo on learning of the indictment.[61]

On 5 November 2020, Thaçi announced his resignation to reporters "to protect the integrity of the presidency of Kosovo".[62] He was arrested the same day and transferred to The Hague.[61] Thaçi was replaced by the speaker of the Assembly of Kosovo, Vjosa Osmani.[63]

Trial and conviction

[edit]

Thaçi made his initial court appearance on 9 November 2020; he pleaded not guilty.[64] His three co-defendants also pleaded not guilty.[65] The trial opened in April 2023.[8] In December 2024, the KSC filed a new case against Thaçi, in which he was charged with three counts of obstruction of official persons in performing official duties, four counts of violating secrecy of proceedings and four counts of contempt of court over "alleged unlawful efforts to influence witness testimonies" during the trial.[66] In March 2025, Thaçi was temporarily released to visit his ailing father in Pristina.[67] After his father died shortly later, Thaçi was again temporarily released to allow him to visit his father's grave, having been previously barred from attending the funeral.[68]

On 16 September 2026, Thaçi was convicted and sentenced to 25 years' imprisonment.[2] Based on evidence from 273 witnesses, 5,467 pieces of evidence,[3] the KSC found Thaçi guilty together with Veseli, Selemi, and Krasniqi of the murder of 96 political opponents and alleged collaborators with Serbian forces in the 1990s, the illegal detention of 385 people, the torture of 303 and the cruel treatment of 49 as part of a joint criminal enterprise. He and his co-accused were cleared of six charges of crimes against humanity.[10] The KSC stated that Thaçi played a key role in "formulating and implementing the common purpose" of the crimes, and that he "personally participated in crimes, including the arrest, arbitrary detention and interrogation of 13 parliamentarians and the arrest, detention, transfer and murder of Behajdin Allaqi." The KSC found that Thaçi had made false statements about victims and detainees and gave "false assurances of compliance with international humanitarian law on behalf of the KLA."[3]

Countries visited

[edit]

The table lists state visits made by Hashim Thaçi as president.

# Country Year Cities visited Type of visit
1  Vatican City 2016, 2017 Vatican City State visit[69][70]
2  Albania 2016, 2019, 2020 Tirana, Durrës, Kodër-Thumanë State visit[71][72]
3  Brazil 2016 Rio de Janeiro Rio 2016 Opening Ceremony[73]
4  Turkey 2016 Ankara State visit[74]
5  Malta 2016 Valletta State visit[75]
6  Panama 2016 Panama City State visit
7  United States 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Washington, D.C., New York City, Des Moines State visit,[76][77][78] Working visit[79][80][81]
8  Jordan 2017 Amman State visit[82]
9  Austria 2017 Vienna State visit[83]
10  Croatia 2017 Zagreb State visit[84]
11  Montenegro 2017 Podgorica State visit[85]
12  Canada 2017 Halifax, Ottawa State visit[86]
13  Bulgaria 2017, 2018 Sofia State visit,[87] Working visit[88]
14  France 2017, 2018, 2019 Paris State visit,[89] Working visit[90]
15  Switzerland 2018 Davos Working visit[91]
16  South Korea 2018 Pyeongchang Pyeongchang 2018 Opening Ceremony[92]
17  North Macedonia 2018, 2019 Skopje State visit[93]
Inauguration of Stevo Pendarovski
18  Armenia 2018 Yerevan Francophonie Summit[94]
19  Belarus 2018, 2019 Minsk Working visit[95][96]
20  Germany 2019, 2020 Munich, Berlin Working visit[97][98]
21  Slovakia 2019 Bratislava Globsec Forum[99]
22  Japan 2019 Tokyo, Osaka State visit[100][101]
23  Monaco 2019 Monte Carlo Working visit[102]

Honors and awards

[edit]
  • Albania: On 20 June 2008 received a copy of the key of the city of Tirana on the occasion of his state visit to Albania.[103]
    • Also on 20 June, Thaçi was awarded the Honorary Citizen of the city of Vlorë for his "historic role in making Kosovo an independent state".[104]
    • In January 2015 Thaçi was awarded the Doctor Honoris Causa from the University of Tirana for his contribution in peace-building in Western Balkans, promoting the process of European integration and achieving the historic Brussels Agreement with Serbia.
    • On 4 October 2016 he was awarded honorary citizenship of Shkodër in a ceremony led by the mayor of the northern Albanian city.
  •  Switzerland: On 1 July 2012, Thaçi received a doctor honoris causa as a doctor of international relations from the Geneva School of Diplomacy.[105]
  • Montenegro: On 4 April 2015, on Ulcinj Day, Thaçi received the title of Honorary Citizen of Ulcinj by the town's municipal government.[106]

Notes and references

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ↑ Himself as representative in the Interim Administrative Council.
  2. ↑ Himself as Prime Minister in opposition.
  3. ↑ As Prime Minister.
  4. ↑ Pronounced /ˈhæʃɪm ˈθætʃi/ HASH-im THATCH-ee; Albanian pronunciation: [haˈʃim ˈθatʃi] ⓘ.

References

[edit]
  1. ↑ "Vitin 1992: Thaçi në konferencë me aktivistët e LDK-së". Gazeta Express. 1 November 2015. Archived from the original on 21 November 2018. Retrieved 18 September 2026.
  2. 1 2 Doherty, Caitlin (16 September 2026). "Kosovo's former president sentenced to 25 years for war crimes". BBC News. Archived from the original on 16 September 2026. Retrieved 16 September 2026.
  3. 1 2 3 4 Hashim Thaçi and co-defendants found guilty of war crimes, Kosovo Specialist Chambers, 16 September 2026, Wikidata Q141541247, archived from the original on 17 September 2026
  4. ↑ ""Do presim Apelin", mbështetësit e Thaçit flasin me lot në sy për vendimin e Hagës". A2 CNN.
  5. ↑ "Kosovo President Thaci faces war crimes indictment". BBC. 24 June 2020. Archived from the original on 2 October 2020. Retrieved 24 June 2020.
  6. ↑ "LAJMI I FUNDIT: Hashim Thaçi jep dorëheqje nga posti i presidentit". Klan Kosova (in Albanian). 5 November 2020. Archived from the original on 11 November 2020. Retrieved 5 November 2020.
  7. ↑ "Kosovo's president resigns to face war crimes charges". Associated Press. 5 November 2020. Archived from the original on 6 November 2020. Retrieved 5 November 2020.
  8. 1 2 "Kosovo ex-president Hashim Thaci pleads not guilty to war crimes". BBC News. 3 April 2023. Archived from the original on 13 December 2023. Retrieved 12 December 2023.
  9. ↑ van der Berg, Stephanie (9 February 2026). "War crimes prosecutors seek 45 years of prison for Kosovo ex-president". Reuters. Retrieved 10 February 2026.
  10. 1 2 van den Berg, Stephanie; Bytyci, Fatos (16 September 2026). "Former Kosovo president Thaci sentenced to 25 years for war crimes". Reuters. Retrieved 16 September 2026.
  11. ↑ "Hašim Tači osuđen na 25 godina zatvora". Danas (in Serbian). 16 September 2026. Archived from the original on 16 September 2026. Retrieved 16 September 2026.
  12. 1 2 Phillips, David L.; Burns, Nicholas (20 July 2012). Liberating Kosovo: Coercive Diplomacy and U. S. Intervention. MIT Press. ISBN 978-0-262-30512-9.
  13. 1 2 Boyle, Michael J. (24 March 2014). Violence after War: Explaining Instability in Post-Conflict States. JHU Press. pp. 42–. ISBN 978-1-4214-1258-0.
  14. 1 2 Koehler, Jan; Zurcher, Christoph (6 September 2003). Potentials of Disorder: Explaining Conflict and Stability in the Caucasus and in the Former Yugoslavia. Manchester University Press. pp. 69–. ISBN 978-0-7190-6241-4.
  15. ↑ "CRIMINAL CHARGES FILED AGAINST TACI {sic}, SEJDIU, KRASNICI". www.mfa.gov.rs. Archived from the original on 27 April 2015.
  16. ↑ "Dosije Hašima Tačija". Pecat. 23 December 2010. Archived from the original on 2 October 2020. Retrieved 20 April 2015.
  17. ↑ Elsie, Robert (24 April 2015). The Tribes of Albania: History, Society and Culture. Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 978-0-85773-932-2.
  18. 1 2 3 Andrejevich 2009, p. 107.
  19. ↑ "A e ka kryer fakultetin në Zvicër Hashim Thaçi?". Zëri. 28 February 2016. Archived from the original on 2 October 2020. Retrieved 4 April 2016.
  20. ↑ "Thaçi nuk është themeluesi i UÇK dhe nuk ka diplomë nga Universiteti i Zyrihut". Gazeta Dita. Archived from the original on 2 October 2020. Retrieved 4 April 2016.
  21. ↑ Kort, Michael (1 January 2001). The Handbook of the New Eastern Europe. Twenty-First Century Books. ISBN 978-0-7613-1362-5. As a young man Thaci belonged to a group committed to overthrowing Yugoslavia's government that was financed and backed by Enver Hoxha
  22. 1 2 3 Perritt, Henry H. (2010). Kosovo Liberation Army: The Inside Story of an Insurgency. University of Illinois Press. pp. 13/88–93.
  23. ↑ Rathfelder, Erich (10 December 2007). "Hashim Thaci in Kosovo: Die Häutung der Schlange". Der Spiegel (in German). ISSN 2195-1349. Retrieved 29 July 2024. Am 25. Mai überfiel er mit einigen Genossen die Eisenbahnlinie bei Glogovac, vier serbische Polizisten wurden dabei getötet. 1996 soll Thaci nach serbischen Angaben bei Peje (Pec) einen serbischen Polizeiwagen beschossen und Handgranaten in den serbischen Armeestützpunkt in Vucitrn geworfen haben. Wegen dieser Anschläge wurde er im Juli 1997 in Abwesenheit zu zehn Jahren Gefängnis verurteilt. [On 25 May he and some comrades attacked the railway line near Glogovac, killing four Serbian police officers. In 1996, according to Serbian information, Thaci shot at a Serbian police car near Peje (Pec) and threw hand grenades into the Serbian army base in Vucitörn. He was sentenced in absentia to ten years in prison for these attacks in July 1997.]
  24. ↑ "Hashim Thaci 'From 'Snake' to Prime Minister". Balkan Insight. 22 July 2010. Archived from the original on 19 September 2026. Retrieved 16 September 2026.
  25. ↑ ""Hashim Thaçi i njohur ndryshe si gjarpri"/ Si prezantohen në aktakuzën që i çoi në Hagë zyrtarët e Kosovës". Top Channel (in Albanian). 6 November 2020. Archived from the original on 20 September 2026. Retrieved 16 September 2026.
  26. ↑ "BG odgovorio Tačiju: Bićeš uhapšen" (in Serbian). B92. 20 April 2015. Archived from the original on 2 October 2020. Retrieved 20 April 2015.
  27. ↑ Geci, Rrustem (20 September 2016). "Liria perendesha e fitoreve". Radio Kosova e Lirë. Archived from the original on 22 December 2024. Retrieved 22 December 2024.
  28. 1 2 Gall, Carlotta (3 February 1999). "Ethnic Albanian Guerrillas Will Attend Talks on Kosovo". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 9 October 2020. Retrieved 4 May 2010.
  29. ↑ Hedges, Chris (6 June 1999). "Crisis in the Balkans: The Guerrillas; Kosovo Rebel Force Will Be Serbian Province's New Power Broker". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 17 March 2009. Retrieved 4 May 2010.
  30. ↑ Hedges, Chris (25 June 1999). "Crisis in the Balkans: The Separatists; Leaders of Kosovo Rebels Tied to Deadly Power Play". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 15 March 2009. Retrieved 4 May 2010.
  31. ↑ Basu, Dipak; Miroshnik, Victoria (2 December 2015). Structural Revolution in International Business Architecture: Political Economy. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 109–. ISBN 978-1-137-53578-8.
  32. ↑ "KLA finances fight with heroin sales – Terror group is linked to crime network"; Jerry Seper. Washington Times, Washington, D.C.: 3 May 1999. pg. A.1
  33. 1 2 "Kosovo gripped by racketeers". BBC News. 5 April 2000. Archived from the original on 21 December 2010. Retrieved 4 May 2010.
  34. ↑ "Political violence in run-up to Kosovo vote". Christian Science Monitor. 15 August 2000. ISSN 0882-7729. Archived from the original on 13 March 2009. Retrieved 19 February 2008.
  35. ↑ "Analysis: Kosovo chooses normality". BBC News. 30 October 2000. Archived from the original on 1 March 2014. Retrieved 4 May 2010.
  36. 1 2 3 "BND Kosovo affair: German spy affair might have been revenge". Die Welt. 30 November 2008. Archived from the original on 5 March 2009. Retrieved 18 February 2009.
  37. ↑ "KLA Linked To Enormous Heroin Trade / Police suspect drugs helped finance revolt" sfgate. Accessed 4 April 2023.
  38. 1 2 Lewis, Paul (14 December 2010). "Kosovo PM is head of human organ and arms ring, Council of Europe reports". The Guardian. London, UK. Archived from the original on 19 December 2022. Retrieved 17 December 2016.
  39. ↑ "Tači će objaviti spisak Albanaca koji su pomagali Martiju". Radio Slobodna Evropa (in Serbo-Croatian). 25 December 2010. Archived from the original on 4 July 2025. Retrieved 4 January 2011.
  40. ↑ "Thaci to release names of Marty's helpers". B92. Archived from the original on 28 December 2010. Retrieved 4 January 2011.
  41. ↑ Kosova Info: Thaçi ka dosje të bashkëpunëtorëve të Martyt Archived 4 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine
  42. ↑ "Thaci ka dosje te bashkepunetoreve te Martyt". Info Albania (in Albanian). 24 December 2010. Archived from the original on 26 July 2011. Retrieved 4 January 2011.
  43. ↑ "BBC comments on the draft report". BBC. 14 December 2010. Archived from the original on 1 February 2019. Retrieved 21 July 2018.
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  105. ↑ "Shkolla e Gjenevës për Diplomaci dhe Marrëdhënie Ndërkombëtare themelon bursën The Hashim Thaçi Fellowship, që do ti ndahet një studenti nga Kosova". Office of the Prime Minister of Kosovo [sq] (in Albanian). 1 July 2012. Archived from the original on 5 November 2014. Retrieved 4 July 2012.
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