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Minibus

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Handy Bus)

Citroën Jumper minibus in France
Hino Dutro 110SD 12-seater microbus in Indonesia
Cacciamali Urby (built on Iveco Daily chassis) in Rijeka, Croatia
Minibus vehicle from Suzuki Carry used as public transportation of Transjakarta in Indonesia

A minibus, microbus, minicoach, or short bus is a passenger-carrying motor vehicle that is designed to carry more people than a multi-purpose vehicle or minivan, but fewer people than a full-size bus. In the United Kingdom, the word "minibus" is used to describe any full-sized passenger-carrying van or panel truck. Minibuses have a seating capacity of between 12 and 30. Larger minibuses may be called midibuses. Minibuses are usually front-engine vehicles with step-in access, though low-floor designs are especially common in Japan.[1]

History

[edit]

It is unknown when the first minibus vehicle was developed. For example, Ford Model T vehicles were modified for passenger transport by early bus companies and entrepreneurs.[2] Ford produced a version during the 1920s to carry up to twelve people.[3][4][5]

In the Soviet Union, the production of minibuses began in the mid-1950s, among the first mass-produced minibuses were the RAF-10, UAZ-451B, and Start.[6] Since September 1961, the RAF-977D "Latvia" minibus began to be mass-produced.[7]

Regional variants

[edit]

There are many different form of public transportation services around the world that are provided by using vehicles that can be considered as minibus:

Driving licence

[edit]

Some countries may require an additional class of driving licence over a normal private car licence, and some may require a full commercial driving licence. The need for such a licence may depend on:

France

[edit]

In France, if the vehicle has more than 9 seats, a D permit is required. If there are between 9 and 17 seats, the driver must have a D1 permit.[12]

United Kingdom

[edit]

In the UK, the holder of an ordinary car driving licence which was obtained prior to January 1997, once aged 21 years minimum, may drive a Minibus with a capacity of 16 passengers. Where the "ordinary car driving licence" is obtained after December 1996, they will have to take a separate test to drive a vehicle with a capacity of more than 8 passengers. However, there is an exemption for certain volunteer drivers, where the vehicle does not exceed 3500 kg GVW (or 4250 kg GVW if the vehicle is designed to be wheelchair accessible).[13][14]

United States

[edit]

In the United States, if the vehicle has 15 or fewer passengers, no special license is required. If there are 16 or more passengers (including the driver), a commercial driver's license is required (the specific type varies by state).[15][16][17]

Ontario, Canada

[edit]

A driving licence issued in Ontario, Canada, for an equivalent of a UK class B or class B-auto driving licence (in the case of Ontario, a class G licence), allows its holder to drive vehicles with:

Anyone wanting to drive a vehicle in Ontario, with the same MAM limits as for class G vehicles, with fewer than 25, but at least 10, passenger seats, must obtain a short bus licence (Class F in Ontario). This will allow, for example, its holder to drive 12- and 15-passenger vans] that Transport Canada defines as large passenger vans. A separate class of driving license (Class C) is required for full-size school buses and school buses.[19]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ↑ Akiyama, Tetsuo; Wahira, Yoshihiro; Kamata, Minoru; Fujii, Naoto (2001). "Vehicle Accessibility in Japan Today and the Outlook for the Future". IATSS Research. 25: 42–50. doi:10.1016/S0386-1112(14)60005-4.
  2. ↑ Negyesi, Pal (4 May 2020). "The Role of the Ford Model T As a Bus in Central and Eastern Europe". CEAutoClassic. Retrieved 17 February 2023.
  3. ↑ "Henry the Model T Bus". highfieldspioneervillage.com.au. Archived from the original on 13 April 2025. Retrieved 17 February 2023.
  4. ↑ "1926 Ford Model TT 10 Seater Country Bus Chassis no. 14390021 Engine no. 14390021". bonhams.com. Archived from the original on 17 February 2023. Retrieved 17 February 2023.
  5. ↑ "Car Ford Model T Station Bus 1919 for sale". PreWarCar. Retrieved 17 February 2023.
  6. ↑ Dashko, Dmitry (2013). Юность. Автобус для избранных [Youth. A bus for the elite] (in Russian). ООО "ИПК Парето-Принт". pp. 19–21.
  7. ↑ "Хроника: любимый «рафик»" (in Russian). Archived from the original on 1 January 2022. Retrieved 16 January 2025.
  8. ↑ Wijaya, Suryani Eka; Imran, Muhammad (25 February 2019). Moving the Masses: Bus-Rapid Transit (BRT) Policies in Low Income Asian Cities: Case Studies from Indonesia. Springer. p. 76. ISBN 978-981-13-2938-8. Retrieved 21 April 2026. I needed to visit and connected to the city by derefulated minibuses called angkutan kota, or angkot. An angkot has a capacity of 12 passengers, although angkot always take more passengers at peak-hour rush times. Angkot have more than 38 routes throughout the city. The name of the route being taken is written at the front of ...
  9. ↑ "Mini-Bus Off The Road From Wednesday". Utusan Express. 31 March 1998. Archived from the original on 4 May 2018. Retrieved 31 May 2017.
  10. ↑ The design evolution of the colectivo. Article with much information and many photographs, accessed 10 April 2010 (in Spanish)
  11. ↑ Vega, Tanzina (2 March 2008). "A Taste of Colombia Rolls Through New York's Streets". The New York Times. Retrieved 6 November 2009.
  12. ↑ "What driver's licenses are required depending on the category of vehicle?". www.service-public.gouv.fr (in French). Retrieved 25 April 2026.
  13. ↑ "Safe riding for minibus drivers". rospa. ROSPA. Retrieved 7 July 2026.
  14. ↑ "Driving a minibus". gov.uk. GOV UK. Retrieved 7 July 2026.
  15. ↑ Meck, David (2 September 2024). "Mini Bus Regulations and Policies: Regulations and policies affecting minibus operations in the USA - Nations Bus Sales". Retrieved 25 April 2026.
  16. ↑ George, Bryan (8 January 2015). "Shuttle Bus Drivers License Requirements - Carpenter Bus Sales". Carpenter Bus. Retrieved 25 April 2026.
  17. ↑ "Classes A, B, and C | SCDMV". dmv.sc.gov. Retrieved 25 April 2026.
  18. ↑ "Licence Change for Operators of Recreational Vehicles". Archived from the original on 3 July 2011.
  19. ↑ "Road Safety and Motor Vehicle Regulation Directorate". Archived from the original on 3 December 2013.
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