Harmaja
 | |
 | |
| Location | Helsinki, Finland |
|---|---|
| Coordinates | 60°06′18″N 24°58′32″E / 60.105043°N 24.975506°E |
| Tower | |
| Constructed | 1883 (first) |
| Construction | stone basement, cast iron tower |
| Height | 15 metres (49 ft) |
| Shape | cylindrical tower with balcony and lantern on a square basement |
| Markings | red tower with a horizontal white band, green lantern dome, unpainted basement |
| Light | |
| First lit | 1900 (tower raised) |
| Focal height | 24 metres (79 ft) |
| Range | 14.9 nmi (27.6 km; 17.1 mi)  |
| Characteristic | Oc WRG 6s |
Harmaja (Swedish: Gråhara) is an island and a lighthouse outside Helsinki, south of the Suomenlinna sea fortress. The island has been functioning as a landmark since the 16th century. A landmark structure was built on the island in the 18th century and a light house in 1883.[1] The first lighthouse was only 7.3 m high and it soon proved to be too low. In 1900 the height was doubled by creating a rectangular brick building on a granite base. A large foghorn alerted ships in fog and in bad visibility. Harmaja received the world's first directed and undirected radio beacon in 1936. The lighthouse is fully automated today.
There is also a pilot station on the island.
During the 1952 Summer Olympics this was the center of the Olympic sailing event.
Climate
[edit]| Climate data for Helsinki Harmaja 1991–2020 normals, records 1993–present | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 7.6 (45.7) |
7.5 (45.5) |
11.2 (52.2) |
16.1 (61.0) |
24.7 (76.5) |
27.4 (81.3) |
29.3 (84.7) |
27.0 (80.6) |
21.9 (71.4) |
16.0 (60.8) |
13.0 (55.4) |
8.7 (47.7) |
29.3 (84.7) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −0.7 (30.7) |
−1.6 (29.1) |
0.9 (33.6) |
5.4 (41.7) |
11.1 (52.0) |
15.7 (60.3) |
19.2 (66.6) |
18.9 (66.0) |
14.6 (58.3) |
9.1 (48.4) |
4.7 (40.5) |
1.7 (35.1) |
8.3 (46.9) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −2.5 (27.5) |
−3.5 (25.7) |
−1.0 (30.2) |
2.8 (37.0) |
8.2 (46.8) |
13.1 (55.6) |
16.8 (62.2) |
16.6 (61.9) |
12.6 (54.7) |
7.3 (45.1) |
3.1 (37.6) |
0.1 (32.2) |
6.1 (43.0) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −4.7 (23.5) |
−5.8 (21.6) |
−3.2 (26.2) |
1.1 (34.0) |
6.2 (43.2) |
11.2 (52.2) |
14.8 (58.6) |
14.8 (58.6) |
10.9 (51.6) |
5.9 (42.6) |
1.5 (34.7) |
−1.9 (28.6) |
4.2 (39.6) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −24.7 (−12.5) |
−24.3 (−11.7) |
−16.4 (2.5) |
−9.9 (14.2) |
−1.1 (30.0) |
3.4 (38.1) |
7.6 (45.7) |
7.9 (46.2) |
2.1 (35.8) |
−5.7 (21.7) |
−13.0 (8.6) |
−20.5 (−4.9) |
−24.7 (−12.5) |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 90 | 89 | 85 | 83 | 80 | 83 | 84 | 83 | 83 | 85 | 88 | 89 | 85 |
| Source: https://www.ilmatieteenlaitos.fi/ilmastollinen-vertailukausi | |||||||||||||
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ↑ Rowlett, Russ. "Lighthouses of Southern Finland: Uusimaa (Helsinki Region)". The Lighthouse Directory. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Retrieved January 19, 2016.
External links
[edit]- 1952 Summer Olympics official report. Archived 2008-04-11 at the Wayback Machine p. 58.
- Finnish Maritime Administration: Harmajan majakka
60°06′16″N 24°58′28″E / 60.10444°N 24.97444°E
Lighthouses of Finland | |
|---|---|
Italics indicate inactive sites. | |
| Gulf of Finland | |
| Baltic Sea | |
| Archipelago Sea and the Sea of Åland | |
| Bothnian Sea | |
| Bothnian Bay | |
| Former Finnish lighthouses in Russia | |
| Authority control databases: Harmaja Lighthouse |
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