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Grammarly

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Grammarly
Original authorsAlex Shevchenko, Max Lytvyn, and Dmytro Lider[1][2]
DeveloperSuperhuman Platform Inc.
ReleaseJuly 1, 2009; 17 years ago (2009-07-01)[3]
Operating systemWindows, macOS, Linux, Android, iOS, various web browsers
Available in
TypeOnline text editor, browser extension, and mobile app with grammar checker, spell checker, and plagiarism detector
LicenseProprietary software
Websitegrammarly.com

Grammarly is an American English-language writing assistant software tool. It started as a tool to review the spelling, grammar, and tone of a piece of writing and to identify possible instances of plagiarism. Since 2025, it has integrated extensive generative AI tools, including options to generate essays from scratch, to suggest and insert citations, to "humanize" the text to avoid it being flagged as AI-generated, and to predict grades based on user input on the instructor, course, and university.[4] It can also make stylistic and tonal recommendations. An "Expert review" feature, which attributed Grammarly's editing suggestions to subject-matter experts in various fields, was discontinued in March 2026 due to criticism and complaints.[5][6]

Grammarly was developed in Ukraine and launched in 2009 by Alex Shevchenko [uk], Max Lytvyn, and Dmytro Lider. In 2024 Grammarly bought Coda, and Coda CEO Shishir Mehrotra became Grammarly's CEO.[7] After buying Superhuman in 2025, Grammarly rebranded its parent company as Superhuman and integrated more generative AI tools in the product.[8] Grammarly is now developed by Superhuman Platform Inc., which is headquartered in San Francisco and has offices in Kyiv, New York, and Vancouver. It is available as a standalone application; a browser extension for Chrome, Safari, and Firefox; and as an add-on for Google Docs.

History

Grammarly was founded in 2009 by Max Lytvyn, Alex Shevchenko, and Dmytro Lider.[9] The company initially offered a subscription-based product intended to help students improve their grammar and spelling.[10] That product was subsequently developed into a writing assistant that checks the grammar, spelling, and tone of a piece of writing.[10][11][12]

By 2015, Grammarly had a million active daily users,[13] and began offering its flagship product via a freemium model that allowed all users access to the product's basic capabilities while placing more sophisticated features like style recommendations and plagiarism detection behind a paywall.[14][15] It also launched a browser extension for Chrome, Safari, and Firefox, as well as an add-on for Google Docs.[15]

In 2019, Grammarly added a tone detector to its writing assistant. This tool uses set rules and machine learning to help users gauge the character of their writing and tailor it to a particular audience.[16][17] Also in 2019, the company held a second funding round, raising $90 million.[15] In 2020, Grammarly made its first investment in an outside company, participating in a $10 million funding round for Docugami, a company working on AI-driven document generation.[18]

After the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, Grammarly ceased all business operations in Russia and Belarus.[19][20] It also continued to pay the salaries of Ukrainians who left their jobs at Grammarly to join the nation's army.[21] [19]

In April 2023, Grammarly launched a product using generative AI built on the GPT-3 large language models.[22][23] In September 2024, Grammarly announced the release of its Authorship tool, which attempts to identify the source of a passage of text. It then designates the passage as written by the text's author, lifted from another source, or generated by AI.[24][25] It is not clear to what extent such tools work.[26][27]

In December 2024, Grammarly announced that it was acquiring the productivity startup Coda.[28] As part of the deal, Coda CEO Shishir Mehrotra replaced Rahul Roy-Chowdhury as Grammarly's CEO.[7]

2025 saw major changes in Grammarly's funding, leadership, and product. In May, Grammarly announced it raised $1 billion in nondilutive funding from General Catalyst.[29] In July, Grammarly announced that it was acquiring the email client Superhuman.[8] In October, Grammarly's parent company, Grammarly Inc., announced a rebrand to the Superhuman brand.[30]

In March 2026, Grammarly faced complaints and criticism in response to an AI-powered feature called "Expert Review", which offered writing advice from simulations of actual living and deceased authors without contacting them or getting their permission.[31][32][33] Launched in August 2025 as part of a suite of AI-powered features, the tool's featured authors included Stephen King, Neil deGrasse Tyson, Carl Sagan, and bell hooks.[31][34][35] On March 11, 2026, the same day that journalist Julia Angwin filed a federal class-action lawsuit against the company, Superhuman announced that it was discontinuing the feature.[5][35][36]

Vulnerabilities

In early 2018, Tavis Ormandy, a security researcher at Google who was formerly part of Google's Project Zero team,[37] discovered a severe vulnerability in Grammarly's browser extension that exposed authentication tokens to websites and could allow them to access the users' documents and other data.[38] A few hours later, the company released a hotfix and reported that it found no evidence of compromised user data.[39] This vulnerability was registered as CVE-2018-6654 in the Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures database.[40] In December 2018, Grammarly launched a bug bounty program on HackerOne, offering a $100,000 reward to the first white hat hacker to access a specific document on the company's server.[41]

Reception

Reviewers have praised Grammarly's ease of use and helpful suggestions, finding it worthwhile despite its relatively high price and lack of offline functionality.[42] Conversely, some users have criticized Grammarly for incorrect suggestions, ignorance of tone and context, and reduction of writers' freedom of expression.[43][44]

Documents that Grammarly has corrected have occasionally been accused by detection engines such as Turnitin of being partially or entirely AI-generated.[45] Schools are struggling to develop consistent and fair rules for its use, with some teachers recommending Grammarly to their students and others rejecting it.[46][47]

Superhuman Platform Inc.

Superhuman Platform Inc.
FormerlyGrammarly Inc.
TypePrivate
IndustryAI, productivity software, SaaS
Founded2009[13]
FoundersAlex Shevchenko, Max Lytvyn, and Dmytro Lider[13]
HeadquartersSan Francisco, California
Key people
Shishir Mehrotra (CEO)[48]
Websitesuperhuman.com

Grammarly is developed by Superhuman Platform Inc., a technology company that also develops productivity, AI, and SaaS products such as Superhuman Mail, Coda, and Superhuman Go.[49] The company assumed its current form in 2025, when Grammarly Inc., which was founded in 2009, acquired Superhuman Mail and Coda and rebranded itself as Superhuman.[9] The company is headquartered in San Francisco, California and led by CEO Shishir Mehrotra.[50]

In February 2026, Superhuman announced the acquisitions of Rows, a company that uses AI to manage data and spreadsheets. Superhuman said that it would use Rows to improve the capabilities of Coda.[51]

Investments

As of May 2017, Grammarly had raised over $110 million in a public funding round, surpassing all previous Ukrainian startups.[52][53] In 2019, the company raised $90 million in investment and was valued at over $1 billion.[54][55] The total amount of investment raised in 2019 was $200 million.

On 13 May 2020, Grammarly announced its first investment in the Seattle-based start-up Docugami.[56] The investment was made as part of the company's seed funding round.

In November 2021, the company announced that it had raised a new round of investment worth $200 million at a total valuation of $13 billion.[57] New investors included Baillie Gifford and funds and accounts managed by BlackRock.[58]

In May 2025, Grammarly announced that it had raised $1 billion in growth funding from the CVF fund General Catalyst.[59]

In July 2025, Grammarly announced the acquisition of the email client Superhuman.[60]

In October 2025, Grammarly's parent company, Grammarly Inc., announced a rebranding under the Superhuman brand and unveiled a new AI-powered assistant designed not only to correct text but also to boost productivity and support communication.[61][62][63].

See also

References

  1. ↑ Krasnikov, Denys (July 6, 2018). "Grammarly opens new Kyiv office as demand rises for help with English". Kyiv Post. Businessgroup LLC. Archived from the original on August 28, 2018. Retrieved September 6, 2019.
  2. ↑ Wiggers, Kyle (September 12, 2018). "Grammarly brings its AI-powered proofreading tools to Google Docs". VentureBeat. Archived from the original on September 9, 2019. Retrieved September 6, 2019.
  3. ↑ "Grammarly.com WHOIS, DNS, & Domain Info – DomainTools". WHOIS. Archived from the original on April 19, 2019. Retrieved August 27, 2016.
  4. ↑ "Grammarly for Students | Grammarly". www.grammarly.com. Archived from the original on March 8, 2026. Retrieved March 12, 2026.
  5. 1 2 Klee, Miles. "Grammarly Is Facing a Class Action Lawsuit Over Its AI 'Expert Review' Feature". Wired. ISSN 1059-1028. Retrieved March 12, 2026.
  6. ↑ Nelson, Decrypt / Jason (March 11, 2026). "Grammarly Disables AI 'Expert Review' After Backlash From Authors and Journalists". Decrypt. Retrieved March 12, 2026.
  7. 1 2 Malik, Aisha (December 17, 2024). "Grammarly acquires productivity startup Coda, brings on new CEO". TechCrunch. Retrieved February 24, 2025.
  8. 1 2 "Grammarly to Acquire Superhuman to Accelerate Its AI Productivity Platform". Grammarly to Acquire Superhuman | Grammarly Blog. July 1, 2025. Retrieved July 2, 2025.
  9. 1 2 "Grammarly brings its AI-powered proofreading tools to Google Docs". VentureBeat. September 12, 2018. Archived from the original on May 16, 2021. Retrieved May 27, 2021.
  10. 1 2 McEvoy, Jemima (November 23, 2021). "Grammarly Founders Become Billionaires From Fixing Your Sloppy Writing". Forbes. Retrieved September 19, 2024.
  11. ↑ McCracken, Harry (April 1, 2019). "On its 10th anniversary, Grammarly looks way beyond grammar". Fast Company. Retrieved September 28, 2024.
  12. ↑ Sullivan, Mark (March 19, 2024). "How Grammarly's AI is writing the new rules of writing". Fast Company. Retrieved September 28, 2024.
  13. 1 2 3 Krasnikov, Denys (July 6, 2018). "Grammarly opens new Kyiv office as demand rises for help with English". Kyiv Post. Retrieved September 19, 2024.
  14. ↑ "Two of Grammarly's founders now billionaires with net worth of $4 bn each". Business Today. February 9, 2022. Retrieved September 19, 2024.
  15. 1 2 3 Wiggers, Kyle (October 10, 2019). "Grammarly raises $90 million for AI that spots grammar errors and plagiarism". VentureBeat. Retrieved September 19, 2024.
  16. ↑ Lardinois, Frederic (September 24, 2019). "Grammarly gets a tone detectorto keep you out of email trouble". TechCrunch. Retrieved September 20, 2024.
  17. ↑ Wiggers, Kyle (September 24, 2019). "Grammarly uses AI to detect the tone and tenor of your writing". TechCrunch. Retrieved September 20, 2024.
  18. ↑ Bishop, Todd (May 13, 2020). "Grammarly makes first investment, taking stake in Seattle document engineering startup Docugami". GeekWire. Retrieved September 20, 2024.
  19. 1 2 Lila MacLellan (March 4, 2022). "Ukrainian-founded Grammarly is donating all the money it made in Russia since 2014". Quartz. Archived from the original on February 13, 2023. Retrieved December 9, 2022.
  20. ↑ Renbarger, Madeline. "'We feel frustrated': Startup CEOs with teams in Ukraine struggle to help their employees in any way they can". Business Insider. Archived from the original on January 4, 2023. Retrieved March 7, 2022.
  21. ↑ Anand, Priya (March 21, 2022). "Grammarly Continues to Pay Staffers Who Joined Ukrainian Army". Bloomberg. Retrieved October 29, 2024.
  22. ↑ Hamish Hector (March 9, 2023). "Grammarly's ChatGPT upgrade won't just improve your writing, it'll do it for you". TechRadar. Archived from the original on May 7, 2023. Retrieved May 7, 2023.
  23. ↑ Melendez, Steven (March 26, 2024). "Grammarly's AI can now offer suggestions to make your work messages clearer". Reuters. Retrieved September 23, 2024.
  24. ↑ Whitney, Lance (August 15, 2024). "Grammarly to roll out a new AI content detector tool. Here's how it works". ZDNet. Retrieved October 8, 2024.
  25. ↑ Contreras, Brian (August 14, 2024). "This New Grammarly Tool Aims to Tell If AI Wrote a Document". Inc. Magazine. Retrieved October 8, 2024.
  26. ↑ Coffey, Lauren. "Professors Cautious of Tools to Detect AI-Generated Writing". Inside Higher Ed.
  27. ↑ Fowler, Geoffrey A. (April 3, 2023). "We tested a new ChatGPT-detector for teachers. It flagged an innocent student". The Washington Post.
  28. ↑ Primack, Dan (December 18, 2024). "Grammarly is buying Coda to expand AI offerings". Axios. Retrieved February 24, 2025.
  29. ↑ Temkin, Marina (May 30, 2025). "Grammarly secures $1B in nondilutive funding from General Catalyst". TechCrunch. Retrieved May 30, 2025.
  30. ↑ Mehta, Ivan (October 29, 2025). "Grammarly rebrands to 'Superhuman,' launches a new AI assistant". TechCrunch. Retrieved October 29, 2025.
  31. 1 2 Klee, Miles (March 4, 2026). "Grammarly Is Offering 'Expert' AI Reviews From Your Favorite Authors—Dead or Alive". Wired. Retrieved March 11, 2026.
  32. ↑ Bonifield, Stevie (March 6, 2026). "Grammarly is using our identities without permission". The Verge. Retrieved March 11, 2026.
  33. ↑ Hollister, Sean (March 10, 2026). "Grammarly will keep using authors' identities without permission unless they opt out". The Verge. Retrieved March 11, 2026.
  34. ↑ Ha, Anthony (March 7, 2026). "Grammarly's 'expert review' is just missing the actual experts". TechCrunch. Retrieved March 11, 2026.
  35. 1 2 Julia Angwin (March 13, 2026). "Why I'm Suing Grammarly". The New York Times. Retrieved March 15, 2026.
  36. ↑ "Angwin v. Superhuman Platform, Inc. (1:26-cv-02005)". CourtListener. March 11, 2026. Retrieved March 11, 2026.
  37. ↑ Greenberg, Andy (July 15, 2014). "Meet 'Project Zero,' Google's Secret Team of Bug-Hunting Hackers". Wired.com. Archived from the original on January 5, 2015. Retrieved January 4, 2015.
  38. ↑ Ormandy, Tavis (February 2, 2018). "Issue 1527: Grammarly: auth tokens are accessible to all websites". project-zero. Google. Archived from the original on January 4, 2023. Retrieved August 1, 2021.
  39. ↑ Couts, Andrew (February 5, 2018). "Grammarly Bug Let Snoops Read What You Wrote, Typos and All (Updated)". Gizmodo. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved August 1, 2021.
  40. ↑ "CVE-2018-6654". Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures. Mitre. Archived from the original on July 22, 2024. Retrieved February 15, 2025.
  41. ↑ "Grammarly - Bug Bounty Program". HackerOne. March 2022. Archived from the original on March 15, 2023. Retrieved July 22, 2022.
  42. ↑ Moore, Ben (July 6, 2020). "Grammarly Review: A slick writing assistant for all your documents". PCMag. Archived from the original on April 10, 2021. Retrieved May 27, 2021.
  43. ↑ Mayne, Dorothy (January 26, 2021). "Revisiting Grammarly: An Imperfect Tool for Final Editing". another word. Retrieved February 19, 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
  44. ↑ Brogan, Jacob (February 7, 2018). "Grammarly Fixed a Security Vulnerability, but It Still Can't Fix Our Writing". Slate Magazine. Archived from the original on December 15, 2022. Retrieved December 29, 2021.
  45. ↑ Young, Jeffrey R. (April 4, 2024). "What happened after this college student's paper was falsely flagged for AI use after using Grammarly". Fast Company. Archived from the original on April 25, 2024. Retrieved April 25, 2024.
  46. ↑ Menezes, Damita (March 4, 2024). "Student fights academic probation for using Grammarly". The Hill. Archived from the original on April 25, 2024. Retrieved April 25, 2024.
  47. ↑ Tang, William. "She used Grammarly to proofread her paper. Now she's accused of 'unintentionally cheating.'". USA TODAY. Archived from the original on April 25, 2024. Retrieved April 25, 2024.
  48. ↑ Aten, Jason (October 30, 2025). "Grammarly Is Now Superhuman. It's a Big Bet on AI as the Future of Work". Inc. Magazine. Retrieved May 18, 2026.
  49. ↑ Bonifield, Steve (October 29, 2025). "Grammarly is changing its name to Superhuman". The Verge. Retrieved May 7, 2026.
  50. ↑ Sherry, Ben (July 1, 2025). "How Superhuman Just Scored a Major Sale to Grammarly". Inc. Magazine. Retrieved May 7, 2026.
  51. ↑ Kabachinsky, Ilya (February 24, 2026). "Superhuman (formerly Grammarly) Acquires AI Startup Rows". Scroll Media. Retrieved May 7, 2026.
  52. ↑ "The Ukrainian start-up Grammarly has raised a record $110 million". Економічна правда (in Ukrainian). Archived from the original on September 1, 2017. Retrieved July 6, 2026.
  53. ↑ Український стартап Grammarly залучив рекордні $110 мільйонів інвестицій Archived 2 September 2017 at the Wayback Machine — УНІАН, 6 July 2026
  54. ↑ "Grammarly raises $90M at over $1B+ valuation for its AI-based grammar and writing tools". Archived from the original on October 11, 2019. Retrieved July 6, 2026.
  55. ↑ "The Ukrainian start-up Grammarly has been valued at over 1 billion dollars". Економічна правда (in Ukrainian). Archived from the original on October 12, 2019. Retrieved July 6, 2026.
  56. ↑ "Grammarly has invested in an American start-up". AIN.UA (in Russian). May 14, 2020. Archived from the original on May 21, 2020. Retrieved July 6, 2026.
  57. ↑ Podder, Sohini (November 17, 2021). "Grammarly raises fresh funds at $13 billion valuation". Reuters. Retrieved September 23, 2024.
  58. ↑ Malik, Aisha (November 17, 2021). "Grammarly raises $200M at a $13B valuation to make you an even better writer through AI". TechCrunch. Retrieved July 6, 2026.
  59. ↑ Kabachynskyi, Illia (May 30, 2025). "$1 Billion for Grammarly — The Largest Funding in Ukrainian Tech History". Scroll.media. Retrieved July 6, 2026.
  60. ↑ "Grammarly to Acquire Superhuman to Accelerate Its AI Productivity Platform". Grammarly to Acquire Superhuman | Grammarly Blog. July 1, 2025. Retrieved July 6, 2026.
  61. ↑ Бродецький, Андрій (October 29, 2025). "Grammarly is becoming Superhuman. The start-up ranks among the top three most recognisable Ukrainian brands abroad. Why is it changing its name after 16 years in business?". Forbes Ukraine. Retrieved July 6, 2026.
  62. ↑ "Grammarly has rebranded as Superhuman and launched a new suite of AI products". DOU (in Ukrainian). Retrieved July 6, 2026.
  63. ↑ Кузьменко, Олександр (October 29, 2025). "Grammarly changes name to Superhuman and releases AI assistant Go". dev.ua. Retrieved July 6, 2026.
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