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List of heads of government of Liechtenstein

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Governor of Liechtenstein)

A photograph of Michael Menzinger in 1845.
A photograph of Leopold Freiherr von Imhof in 1918.
A photograph of Josef Hoop in 1945.
Daniel Risch's official prime minister photograph, 2021.

The head of government of Liechtenstein (German: Regierungschef von Liechtenstein), known informally as the prime minister, is the chief executive of the government of Liechtenstein and chairs the cabinet of Liechtenstein. They are appointed by the sovereign prince of Liechtenstein with the consent of the Landtag of Liechtenstein (parliament of Liechtenstein) and are expected to command the confidence of both the prince and the Landtag. The appointed head of government is typically the leader of the political party with the most seats in the Landtag or a coalition of parties. The head of government cannot be a member of the Landtag at the same time, although they should meet the eligibility requirements for that office.[1]

The position originated as Landvogt in the 14th century. The role functioned as the head of the district office (Oberamt), subordinate to the court of House of Liechtenstein.[2] It was originally an undesired post within the court; this changed after Michael Menzinger applied for the role in 1833.[3] The title was changed to governor (Landesverweser) as a concession following the Revolution of 1848 in Liechtenstein and was formalized upon the ratification of the 1862 constitution of Liechtenstein on 26 September. For this reason, Menzinger is considered the first governor of Liechtenstein.[3][4] In 1921, a new constitution was ratified in which the office was replaced by that of the prime minister.[4][5] Under this constitution, the eligibility for becoming head of government was changed to require being natural-born in Liechtenstein. However, this requirement has been considered inactive since 1992.[1][6]

The incumbent prime minister has been Brigitte Haas since 10 April 2025.[7] There are currently six living former prime ministers, with Walter Kieber being the most recent death, in 2014.[8]

Head of government

[edit]

Political parties

[edit]

  Independent   Progressive Citizens' Party (FBP)   Christian-Social People's Party (VP)[a]   Patriotic Union (VU)

State administrator (1861–1921)

[edit]

The Landesverweser (transl. State administrator), also known as 'Governor', was the title of the head of government from 1848 to 1921.[10]

No.[b] Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)		 Term of office Party Cabinet Prince
(Reign)
Took office Left office Duration
1 A photograph of Michael Menzinger in 1845. Michael Menzinger
(1792–1877)
[3]		 22 March
1833		 15 March
1861		 27 years, 358 days Independent — Aloys II

(1836–1858)
Johann II

(1858–1929)
2 An undated photograph of Karl Freiherr Haus von Hausen. Karl Freiherr Haus von Hausen
(1823–1889)
[5][11]		 April
1861		 23 September
1884		 23 years, 5 months Independent Hausen
3 A photograph of Carl von In der Maur between 1912 and 1913. Carl von In der Maur
(1852–1913)
[5][12]		 23 September
1884		 5 September
1892		 7 years, 348 days Independent In der Maur I
4 An undated photograph of Friedrich Stellwag von Carion. Friedrich Stellwag von Carion
(1852–1896)
[5][13]		 5 September
1892		 24 October
1896		 4 years, 49 days Independent Carion
(3) A photograph of Carl von In der Maur between 1912 and 1913. Carl von In der Maur
(1852–1913)
[5][12]		 4 January
1897		 11 December
1913		 16 years, 341 days Independent In der Maur II
— A photograph of Josef Ospelt in 1921. Josef Ospelt
(1881–1962)
Acting
[14]		 11 December
1913		 1 April
1914		 111 days Independent —
5 A photograph of Leopold Freiherr von Imhof in 1918. Leopold Freiherr von Imhof
(1869–1922)
[5][15]		 1 April
1914		 13 November
1918		 4 years, 226 days Independent Imhof
— An undated photograph of Martin Ritter. Martin Ritter
(1872–1947)
Chairman of the Provisional Executive Committee
[5][16]		 7 November
1918		 7 December
1918		 30 days Christian-Social People's Party Provisional Executive Committee
6 Prince Karl Aloys of Liechtenstein
(1878–1955)
[5][17]		 13 December
1918		 15 September
1920		 2 years, 2 days Independent Prince Karl Aloys
7 An undated photograph of Josef Peer. Josef Peer
(1864–1925)
[5][18]		 15 September
1920		 23 March
1921		 189 days Independent Peer
8 A photograph of Josef Ospelt in 1921. Josef Ospelt
(1881–1962)
[5][14]		 23 March
1921		 5 October
1921		 196 days Progressive Citizens' Party Ospelt

Prime Minister (1921–present)

[edit]

The Regierungschef (lit. 'head of government') is the current title for the head of government. The office replaced that of State Administrator upon the ratification of the constitution of Liechtenstein on 5 October 1921.

No.[b] Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)		 Term of office Election Party Cabinet Prince
(Reign)
Took office Left office Duration
1 A photograph of Josef Ospelt in 1921. Josef Ospelt
(1881–1962)
[5][14]		 5 October
1921		 4 May
1922		 211 days — Progressive Citizens' Party Ospelt Johann II

(1858–1929)
— A photograph of Alfons Feger in 1910. Alfons Feger
(1856–1933)
Acting
[5][19]		 4 May
1922		 1 June
1922		 28 days — Christian-Social People's Party —
— An undated photograph of Felix Gubelmann. Felix Gubelmann
(1880–1929)
Acting
[5][20]		 1 June
1922		 6 June
1922		 5 days — Progressive Citizens' Party —
2 An undated photograph of Gustav Schädler. Gustav Schädler
(1883–1961)
[5][21]		 10 June
1922		 24 June
1928		 6 years, 16 days 1922
Jan
1926
Apr
1926		 Christian-Social People's Party Schädler
— A photograph of Prince Alfred of Liechtenstein in 1910. Prince Alfred of Liechtenstein
(1875–1930)
Acting
[5][22]		 24 June
1928		 4 August
1928		 39 days — Independent —
3 A photograph of Josef Hoop in 1945. Josef Hoop
(1895–1959)
[5][22][23][24]		 4 August
1928		 3 September
1945		 17 years, 30 days 1928
1930
1932		 Progressive Citizens' Party Hoop I
Franz I

(1929–1938)
1936 Hoop II
—
1939		 Hoop III
Franz Josef II

(1938–1989)
—
1945		 Hoop IV
4 A photograph of Alexander Frick in 1954. Alexander Frick
(1910–1991)
[5][25]		 3 September
1945		 16 July
1962		 16 years, 316 days —
1949		 Progressive Citizens' Party Frick I
—
Feb
1953
Jun
1953
1957		 Frick II
—
1958
1962		 Frick III
5 A photograph of Gerard Batliner between 1962 and 1970. Gerard Batliner
(1928–2008)
[5][26][27]		 16 July
1962		 18 March
1970		 7 years, 245 days — Progressive Citizens' Party Batliner I
—
1966		 Batliner II
— Batliner III
6 A photograph of Alfred Hilbe in 1974. Alfred Hilbe
(1928–2011)
[5][28][29]		 18 March
1970		 27 March
1974		 4 years, 9 days 1970 Patriotic Union Hilbe
7 A photograph of Walter Kieber in 1975. Walter Kieber
(1931–2014)
[5][30][31]		 27 March
1974		 26 April
1978		 4 years, 30 days 1974 Progressive Citizens' Party Kieber
8 A photograph of Hans Brunhart in 1991. Hans Brunhart
(born 1945)
[5][32][33]		 26 April
1978		 26 May
1993		 15 years, 30 days 1978 Patriotic Union Brunhart I
1982 Brunhart II
1986 Brunhart III
1989 Brunhart IV
Hans-Adam II

(1989–present)
9 A photograph of Markus Büchel in 1993. Markus Büchel
(1959–2013)
[5][34][35]		 26 May
1993		 15 December
1993		 203 days Feb
1993		 Progressive Citizens' Party Büchel
10 Mario Frick
(born 1965)
[5][36][37]		 15 December
1993		 5 April
2001		 7 years, 111 days Oct
1993		 Patriotic Union Frick I
1997 Frick II
11 Otmar Hasler's official prime minister photograph, between 2001 and 2009. Otmar Hasler
(born 1953)
[5][38][39]		 5 April
2001		 25 March
2009		 7 years, 354 days 2001 Progressive Citizens' Party O. Hasler I
2005 O. Hasler II
12 Klaus Tschütscher's official prime minister photograph, 2009. Klaus Tschütscher
(born 1967)
[5][39]		 25 March
2009		 27 March
2013		 4 years, 2 days 2009 Patriotic Union Tschütscher
13 Adrian Hasler's official prime minister photograph, 2017. Adrian Hasler
(born 1964)
[5][40]		 27 March
2013		 25 March
2021		 7 years, 363 days 2013 Progressive Citizens' Party A. Hasler I
2017 A. Hasler II
14 Daniel Risch's official prime minister photograph, 2021. Daniel Risch
(born 1978)
[5][41][42]		 25 March
2021		 10 April
2025		 4 years, 16 days 2021 Patriotic Union Risch
15 Brigitte Haas's official prime minister photograph, 2025. Brigitte Haas
(born 1964)
[7]		 10 April
2025		 Incumbent 1 year, 124 days 2025 Patriotic Union Haas
  1. ↑ The Christian-Social People's Party and the Liechtenstein Homeland Service merged to form the Patriotic Union in 1936.[9]
  2. 1 2 People are numbered according to periods served by the same person. For example, Carl von In der Maur served as state administrator twice in two non-consecutive terms, but is counted only once.

Timeline

[edit]
Brigitte HaasDaniel RischAdrian HaslerKlaus TschütscherOtmar HaslerMario Frick (politician)Markus BüchelHans BrunhartWalter KieberAlfred HilbeGerard BatlinerAlexander FrickJosef HoopPrince Alfred of Liechtenstein (1875–1930)Gustav SchädlerFelix GubelmannAlfons FegerJosef PeerPrince Karl Aloys of LiechtensteinMartin RitterLeopold Freiherr von ImhofJosef OspeltFriedrich Stellwag von CarionCarl von In der MaurKarl Freiherr Haus von HausenMichael Menzinger

Deputy head of government

[edit]

The deputy head of government is the secondary chief executive in Liechtenstein.[5] One of the government councillors is appointed to the position by the prince of Liechtenstein upon the proposal of the Landtag of Liechtenstein.[1]

No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)		 Term of office Party Prime Minister Cabinet
Took office Left office Duration Name
(Tenure)		 Party
1 A photograph of Alfons Feger in 1908. Alfons Feger
(1856–1933)
[5]		 2 March
1922		 24 June
1928		 7 years, 114 days Christian-Social People's Party Josef Ospelt
(1921–1922)		 Progressive Citizens' Party Ospelt
Alfons Feger
(1922)
Acting		 Christian-Social People's Party —
Felix Gubelmann
(1922)
Acting		 Progressive Citizens' Party —
Gustav Schädler
(1922–1928)		 Christian-Social People's Party Schädler
Vacant
(24 June – 4 August 1928)		 Prince Alfred of Liechtenstein
(1928)
Acting		 Independent —
2 A photograph of Ludwig Marxer in 1938. Ludwig Marxer
(1897–1962)
[5]		 4 August
1928		 20 June
1933		 4 years, 320 days Progressive Citizens' Party Josef Hoop
(1928–1945)		 Progressive Citizens' Party Hoop I
3 A photograph of Anton Frommelt in 1938. Anton Frommelt
(1895–1975)
[5]		 20 June
1933		 30 March
1938		 4 years, 283 days Progressive Citizens' Party
Hoop II
4 A photograph of Alois Vogt in 1945. Alois Vogt
(1906–1988)
[5]		 30 March
1938		 3 September
1945		 7 years, 157 days Patriotic Union Hoop III
Hoop IV
5 A photograph of Ferdinand Nigg in 1925. Ferdinand Nigg
(1893–1957)
[5]		 3 September
1945		 13 July
1957		 11 years, 313 days Patriotic Union Alexander Frick
(1945–1962)		 Progressive Citizens' Party Frick I
Frick II
6 A photograph of Josef Büchel in 1955. Josef Büchel
(1910–1991)
[5]		 13 July
1957		 16 June
1965		 7 years, 338 days Patriotic Union
Frick III
Gerard Batliner
(1962–1970)		 Progressive Citizens' Party Batliner I
7 A photograph of Alfred Hilbe in 1965. Alfred Hilbe
(1928–2011)
[5]		 16 June
1965		 18 March
1970		 4 years, 275 days Patriotic Union Batliner II
Batliner III
8 A photograph of Walter Kieber in 1975. Walter Kieber
(1931–2014)
[5]		 18 March
1970		 27 March
1974		 4 years, 9 days Progressive Citizens' Party Alfred Hilbe
(1970–1974)		 Patriotic Union Hilbe
9 A photograph of Hans Brunhart in 1991. Hans Brunhart
(born 1945)
[5]		 27 March
1974		 26 April
1978		 4 years, 30 days Patriotic Union Walter Kieber
(1974–1978)		 Progressive Citizens' Party Kieber
(8) A photograph of Walter Kieber in 1975. Walter Kieber
(1931–2014)
[5]		 26 April
1978		 1 July
1980		 2 years, 66 days Progressive Citizens' Party Hans Brunhart
(1978–1993)		 Patriotic Union Brunhart I
10 A photograph of Hilmar Ospelt in 1980. Hilmar Ospelt
(1929–2020)
[5]		 1 July
1980		 2 February
1986		 5 years, 216 days Progressive Citizens' Party
Brunhart II
11 A photograph of Herbert Wille in 1986. Herbert Wille
(born 1944)
[5]		 2 February
1986		 26 May
1993		 7 years, 113 days Progressive Citizens' Party
Brunhart III
12 Mario Frick
(born 1965)
[5]		 26 May
1993		 15 December
1993		 203 days Patriotic Union Markus Büchel
(1993)		 Progressive Citizens' Party Büchel
13 Thomas Büchel
(born 1952)
[5]		 15 December
1993		 14 April
1997		 3 years, 120 days Progressive Citizens' Party Mario Frick
(1993–2001)		 Patriotic Union Frick I
14 Michael Ritter
(born 1957)
[5]		 14 April
1997		 5 April
2001		 3 years, 361 days Patriotic Union Frick II
15 A photograph of Rita Kieber-Beck in 2006. Rita Kieber-Beck
(born 1958)
[5]		 5 April
2001		 21 April
2005		 4 years, 16 days Progressive Citizens' Party Otmar Hasler
(2001–2009)		 Progressive Citizens' Party O. Hasler I
16 Klaus Tschütscher's official prime minister photograph, 2009. Klaus Tschütscher
(born 1967)
[5]		 21 April
2005		 25 March
2009		 3 years, 338 days Patriotic Union O. Hasler II
17 A photograph of Martin Meyer in 2011. Martin Meyer
(born 1972)
[5]		 25 March
2009		 27 March
2013		 4 years, 2 days Progressive Citizens' Party Klaus Tschütscher
(2009–2013)		 Patriotic Union Tschütscher
18 A photograph of Thomas Zwiefelhofer in 2013. Thomas Zwiefelhofer
(born 1969)
[5]		 27 March
2013		 30 March
2017		 4 years, 3 days Patriotic Union Adrian Hasler
(2013–2021)		 Progressive Citizens' Party A. Hasler I
19 A photograph of Daniel Risch in 2017. Daniel Risch
(born 1978)
[5]		 30 March
2017		 25 March
2021		 3 years, 360 days Patriotic Union A. Hasler II
20 Sabine Monauni's official portrait as deputy prime minister, 2025. Sabine Monauni
(born 1974)
[5]		 25 March
2021		 Incumbent 5 years, 140 days Progressive Citizens' Party Daniel Risch
(2021–2025)		 Patriotic Union Risch
Brigitte Haas
(since 2025)		 Patriotic Union Haas

Timeline

[edit]
Sabine MonauniDaniel RischThomas ZwiefelhoferMartin Meyer (Liechtenstein politician)Klaus TschütscherRita Kieber-BeckMichael RitterThomas BüchelMario Frick (politician)Herbert WilleHilmar OspeltHans BrunhartWalter KieberAlfred HilbeJosef BüchelFerdinand NiggAlois VogtAnton FrommeltLudwig MarxerAlfons Feger

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. 1 2 3 "Liechtenstein 1921 (rev. 2011)". Constitute. Retrieved 25 October 2024.
  2. ↑ Vogt, Paul (31 December 2011). "Oberamt". Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein (in German). Archived from the original on 21 July 2023. Retrieved 29 September 2024.
  3. 1 2 3 Burmeister, Karl Heinz (31 December 2011). "Menzinger, Johann Michael". Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein (in German). Archived from the original on 25 October 2022. Retrieved 5 July 2024.
  4. 1 2 Wille, Herbert (31 December 2011). "Verfassung". Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein (in German). Archived from the original on 19 July 2023. Retrieved 24 December 2023.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 "Mitglieder der Regierung des Fürstentums Liechtenstein 1862-2021" (PDF). www.regierung.li. Archived (PDF) from the original on 16 February 2024. Retrieved 15 February 2024.
  6. ↑ "Constitution of the Principality of Liechtenstein". European Commission for Democracy through Law (Venice Commission). Strasbourg. 27 November 2002 [5 October 1921]. p. 22. Archived from the original on 11 February 2022. Retrieved 15 February 2024.
  7. 1 2 "Neue Regierung ist im Amt". Liechtensteiner Vaterland (in German). 10 April 2025. Retrieved 10 April 2025.
  8. ↑ "Alt-Regierungschef Kieber mit 83 gestorben". Liechtensteiner Volksblatt (in German). 23 June 2014. Archived from the original on 12 May 2021. Retrieved 2 November 2023.
  9. ↑ Marxer, Wilfried (31 December 2011). "Christlich-soziale Volkspartei (VP)". Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein (in German). Retrieved 10 October 2024.
  10. ↑ "Mitglieder der Regierung des Fürstentums Liechtenstein 1862-2021" (PDF). www.regierung.li. Archived (PDF) from the original on 16 February 2024. Retrieved 15 February 2024.
  11. ↑ Biedermann, Klaus (31 December 2011). "Haus von Hausen, Karl Freiherr". Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein (in German). Retrieved 10 April 2024.
  12. 1 2 Burmeister, Karl Heinz (31 December 2011). "In der Maur auf Strelburg und zu Freifeld, Karl von". Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein (in German). Retrieved 4 November 2024.
  13. ↑ Wanger, Harald (31 December 2011). "Stellwag by Carion, Friedrich". Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein (in German). Retrieved 12 February 2024.
  14. 1 2 3 Quaderer, Rupert (31 December 2011). "Ospelt, Josef". Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein (in German). Archived from the original on 22 July 2023. Retrieved 28 August 2023.
  15. ↑ Quaderer, Rupert (31 December 2011). "Imhof, Leopold Baron von". Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein (in German). Retrieved 3 October 2023.
  16. ↑ Quaderer, Rupert (31 December 2011). "Ritter, Martin". Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein (in German). Retrieved 12 November 2011.
  17. ↑ Wanger, Harald (31 December 2011). "Liechtenstein, Karl von (1878–1955)". Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein (in German). Retrieved 14 February 2024.
  18. ↑ Quaderer, Rupert (31 December 2011). "Peer, Josef". Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein (in German). Retrieved 18 September 2023.
  19. ↑ Franz, Näscher (31 December 2011). "Feger, Alphonse (1856–1933)". Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein (in German). Retrieved 13 August 2023.
  20. ↑ Büchel, Donat (31 January 2011). "Gubelmann, Felix". Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein (in German). Retrieved 16 August 2023.
  21. ↑ Quaderer, Rupert (31 December 2011). "Schädler, Gustav". Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein (in German). Retrieved 18 May 2023.
  22. 1 2 Wanger, Harald (31 December 2011). "Liechtenstein, Alfred von (1875–1930)". Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein (in German). Retrieved 5 March 2024.
  23. ↑ "Gröffnungsiikung des Landtages am Gamstag". Liechtensteiner Volksblatt (in German). 7 August 1928. Retrieved 14 November 2024.
  24. ↑ "Liechtenstein Gets New Chief". The New York Times. 4 September 1945. p. 12. Archived from the original on 5 May 2024. Retrieved 16 May 2023.
  25. ↑ Frommelt, Fabian (31 December 2011). "Frick, Alexander". Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein (in German). Retrieved 18 May 2023.
  26. ↑ "Batliner, Gerard". Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein (in German). 31 December 2011. Retrieved 19 April 2023.
  27. ↑ Malin 2009, p. 4.
  28. ↑ "Hilbe, Alfred". Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein. 31 December 2011. Retrieved 11 May 2023.
  29. ↑ "Heute: Vereidigung der neuen Regierung". Liechtensteiner Volksblatt (in German). 18 March 1970. p. 1. Retrieved 10 November 2024.
  30. ↑ "Kieber, Walter (1931–2014)". Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein (in German). 30 August 2017. Retrieved 1 November 2023.
  31. ↑ "Politische Arbeit im Geist der Versöhnlichkeit". Liechtensteiner Volksblatt (in German). 30 March 1974. p. 1. Retrieved 11 November 2024.
  32. ↑ "Brunhart, Hans". Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein (in German). 31 December 2011. Retrieved 19 February 2024.
  33. ↑ "Wahl der neuen Regierung". Liechtensteiner Volksblatt (in German). 27 April 1978. p. 1. Retrieved 11 November 2024.
  34. ↑ "Büchel, Markus (1959–2013)". Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein (in German). 31 July 2017. Retrieved 1 April 2024.
  35. ↑ "Alles daran setzen, dass Liechtenstein neue Stabilität erlangt". Liechtensteiner Volksblatt (in German). 26 May 1993. Retrieved 10 November 2024.
  36. ↑ "Frick, Mario". Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein (in German). 31 December 2023. Retrieved 26 November 2023.
  37. ↑ "Heute: Wahl der Regierung". Liechtensteiner Volksblatt (in German). 15 December 1993. Retrieved 10 November 2024.
  38. ↑ "Übersicht über die neue Regierung und deren Stellvertreter". Liechtensteiner Volksblatt (in German). 6 April 2001. Retrieved 8 January 2025.
  39. 1 2 "Zusammenarbeit besiegelt". Liechtensteiner Volksblatt (in German). 25 March 2009. p. 1. Retrieved 5 November 2024.
  40. ↑ "Koalition statt Ko-Opposition: FBP und VU für Ende der Parteipolitik". Liechtensteiner Volksblatt (in German). 27 March 2013. p. 1. Retrieved 5 November 2024.
  41. ↑ "New Government Sworn In". liechtensteinusa.org. Embassy of the Principality of Liechtenstein in Washington D.C. 26 March 2021. Retrieved 25 July 2022.
  42. ↑ "Neue Regierung ist im Amt". Liechtensteiner Vaterland (in German). 10 April 2025. Retrieved 10 April 2025.

Further reading

[edit]
  • Vogt, Paul (1987). 125 Jahre Landtag (in German). Vaduz: Landtag of the Principality of Liechtenstein.
  • Malin, Georg (2009). Fürstlicher Justizrat Gerard Batliner 1928-2008 (in German). Vaduz: Jahrbuch des Historischen Vereins für das Fürstentum Liechtenstein.
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