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The Yudomski event is a proposed global event that occurred during the Cambrian period based on deposits showing unusually elevated levels of heavy sulfur isotopes. The distribution of sulfur isotopes is sensitive to biological and geological processes that can selectively enrich for heavier or lighter isotopes, allowing for reconstruction of changes to the sulfur cycle. In the case of the Yudomski event the proposed change is "catastrophic" mixing of heavy sulfur enriched deep ocean brines with ocean surface waters.[1][2]
Study
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The ancient record of sulfur isotopes that on seawater is recorded by evaporitic sulfates such as gypsum and anhydrite. The Yudomski event was first proposed by (Holster, 1977) to explain the sharp rise in 34S and the deposits. There is a possibility that the sharp excursion of 34S is incorrect. It is proposed that these high 34S values can be obtained through lattice sulfates in francolites and in baritic black cherts.[3]
Units
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Evaporate deposits that have been dated to the latest Precambrian and Cambrian periods occur extensively in Siberia and the northern margin of Gondwana. However levels of 34S during the middle Proterozoic stayed less than 20%. During the late Proterozoic, these levels gradually increased before culminating in a maximum during the early and middle Cambrian period.[3][4]
Sulfate evaporate deposites dated to around the early and middle Cambrian period can be found in Russia (Siberia), Iran, Australia, northwestern India and the Tarim Basin (northwestern China).[5] A major unit of deposited dated to this time is the Hormuz Salt Formation located in Iran and around the Persian Gulf. It is a 3,000-meter thick deposit of interbedded evaporates, marine sediments, hydrocarbons and igneous rock. Also forming at around the same time is the Soltanieh formation located in the Salt Range Formation of Pakistan. It is a 2,000-meter thick deposit of evaporates.[3]
References
[edit]- ↑ Warren, John K. (2006-06-12). Evaporites:Sediments, Resources and Hydrocarbons. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 978-3-540-32344-0.
- ↑ Holser, William T. (June 1977). "Catastrophic chemical events in the history of the ocean". Nature. 267 (5610): 403–408. Bibcode:1977Natur.267..403H. doi:10.1038/267403a0. ISSN 1476-4687.
- 1 2 3 Lipps, Jere H.; Signor, Philip W. (2013-11-21). Origin and Early Evolution of the Metazoa. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 978-1-4899-2427-8.
- ↑ Strauss, Harald; Banerjee, Dhiraj M.; Kumar, Virendra (2001-05-01). "The sulfur isotopic composition of Neoproterozoic to early Cambrian seawater — evidence from the cyclic Hanseran evaporites, NW India". Chemical Geology. Response of the Oceanic / Atmospheric Systems to Past Global Changes. 175 (1): 17–28. Bibcode:2001ChGeo.175...17S. doi:10.1016/S0009-2541(00)00361-2. ISSN 0009-2541.
- ↑ Meng, Fan-wei; Zhang, Zhi-li; Schiffbauer, James D.; Zhuo, Qin-gong; Zhao, Meng-jun; Ni, Pei; Liu, Wen-hang; Ahsan, Naveed; Rehman, Saif Ur (2019-09-01). "The Yudomski event and subsequent decline: new evidence from δ34S data of lower and middle Cambrian evaporites in the Tarim Basin, western China". Carbonates and Evaporites. 34 (3): 1117–1129. doi:10.1007/s13146-017-0407-9. ISSN 1878-5212.